Kuningi okuye kwabhalwa futhi kutshelwa ngobuchwepheshe bezolimo bale imifino ewusizo, kepha nokho kuvame kakhulu, abaningi banombuzo: kanjani ukukhulisa izimbotshana ngokufanele?
Ama-beet akhula yonke indawo, lapho kunezimo zezimo zezulu ezifanele: ukusuka eningizimu esishisayo, ezindaweni ezilingana neNyakatho Ekude. Ngiyakhula ngaphandle kwezinkinga eKhanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, lapho ngisho nasekuqalekeni kwehlobo kungagibela iqhwa. Into yokuthi amabhuthi akathethi kakhulu futhi alwa nemakhaza, futhi awadingi amakhono akhethekile namakhono engadi.
UBeetrootKhetha indawo yama-beets
Kumabhetshu akhulayo, kungcono ukhethe indawo enokhanyo kahle, ongabiyelwe umhlabathi onenhlabathi evulekile, ucubungula ukuzungeza kwezitshalo esizeni. Musa ukutshala ama-beet iminyaka eminingana endaweni eyodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunconywa ukuwutshala emibhedeni, lapho umqashi ongaphambilini ebekhona izaqathe. Kepha ngemuva kwamakhukhamba namazambane, ama-beet azozizwa ekhululekile kakhulu.
Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yamabhungane
Ama-Beets athanda ukukhanya, okwakhiwe kahle futhi okunenhlabathi enempilo evundile enothile ngezinto eziphilayo. Isindayo futhi iminyene, inomswakama ophezulu, kanye nenhlabathi enamanzi amaningi aphansi komhlaba, kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqiza.
Kungcono ukulungiselela inhlabathi yamabheki ekwindla. Kungcono ukwenza amabala aphakeme, futhi kungcono ukwenza ukuma, ngendlela yamabhokisi, enziwe ngezinto ezifanele. Imigqomo enjalo ilungele ukucubungula, kulula futhi kushibhile ukufaka umanyolo nokugcina umkhiqizo.
Cishe wonke umanyolo we-organic, ngaphandle komquba omusha, afanele ukusatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwama-beet. Yebo, futhi noma yimuphi umquba awusi umsizi ongcono kakhulu wokubheja, ngakho-ke sikwenza kube lula kakhulu ukudedelwa. Kepha umquba ungenziwa ngezingxenye ezinhle: kufana nephalishi, elingonakalisi ngamafutha.
Kuzoba wusizo ukufaka udoti omncane wesithulu kanye nemfucuza yamabheji njengezinto zokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kokubhula ngezemvelo kwemvelo, kuzofaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni ukuzala kwenhlabathi. Isihlabathi somfula i-Coarse singafakwa enhlabathini enenhlabathi enkulu.
Njengomanyolo, kufanelekile futhi ukungeza umlotha wamabhungwe. Iqiniso ukuthi ngaphezu kwe-potassium, umlotha wezinkuni uqukethe inani elikhulu le-boron, okudingeka kakhulu kuma-beet. Okwabathandi bezinombolo: okuqukethwe i-boron kulomlotha wezinkuni kusuka ku-202.8 kuye ku-476 mg / kg, kuya ngohlobo lokhuni. Umlotha enhlabathini enesihlabathi esincanyana se-loamy asetshenziswa kangcono entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu, kuzoba ngcono kakhulu ukuhlwanyela i-siderata ngokulima okulandelayo.
Ngokusekelwe kokushiwo ngenhla, into eyodwa elula kufanele iqondwe: ama-beet akhulayo endlini yomuntu siqu, umanyolo we-organic atholakala ngokwanele, asikho isidingo sokufaka umanyolo wamaminerali ngenkathi ubuka ukujikeleza kwezitshalo. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ubungane bemvelo bemikhiqizo eyenziwe epulazini futhi bonge imali.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yesithombo sebhitrudi
Indlela elula yokuhlwanyela izimbotshana ezinembewu ngokushesha emhlabathini, ukuze uhlale unomphela. Kulula: Imbewu itshalwa ngokwahlukana emibhedeni elungiselelwe, kuyilapho usebenzisa zombili izimbewu ezomile kanye nembewu eyake yakhula ngaphambili. Endabeni yokugcina, izithombo ziyavela ngaphambili futhi zinobungane. Ukutshala ukujula okungama-2-4 cm, kuya ngezinhlobo zenhlabathi.
IBeetroot iqala ukuhluma emazingeni okushisa aphansi impela - ukusuka ku-+5 degrees, kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ukuvela kwezithombo kungadonsa kuze kuphele amasonto amathathu. Ngokushisa okuqhubekayo, isikhathi sokukhula siyancishiswa. Ngokwokubonwa kwabanye balimi, imbewu ebhula (i-beet) iningi (ubukhulu) iqhuma kumazinga okushisa we- +10 +15, futhi ngokushesha kakhulu kusuka ku- +20 nangaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, khetha izinsuku zokuhlwanyela kucatshangelwa izici zezulu zesifunda kanye nesikhathi sokukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo ozikhethile.
Ngokwesimo esejwayelekile, ama-beet akufanele ahlwanyelwe endaweni evulekile kakhulu ekuqaleni: ukupholisa isikhathi eside kwentwasahlobo kungavusa inkambiso yezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Ukuthola isivuno sokuqala, kungcono ukukhulisa izithombo zezithombo ngokusebenzisa izithombo kunokuba konakalise isivuno ngokutshala ngokweqile.
Imbewu kufanele ibekwe eceleni kwesihlobo komunye nomunye ukuze kunciphe ngokulandelana kwezithombo phakathi kwezitshalo, amasentimitha angama-7-8 asele. Kulokhu, kwakhiwa izithombo zezimpande eziphakathi nendawo, okulula lapho kusetshenziselwa izinhloso zobuchopho. Ukuthola izitshalo ezinkulu ze-beet izimpande, ibanga kufanele lenyuswe ngokuya ngezifiso zakho.
Ukuvunwa kweBeetUkunakekelwa Kwezinqe
Njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zamabhele zakha imbewu eningi, amabhungane avame ukuvela esixukwini sezitshalo ezingama-2-4, noma ngabe sinqabile kangakanani ukusabalalisa imbewu engadini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuzikhipha, zishiya phakathi kwezitshalo isikhathi esingamasentimitha angama-7-8, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla. Uma izitshalo zikhethwe ngokucophelela kusuka enqwabeni ngaphandle kokuzilimaza, khona-ke zingatshalwa ezindaweni zamahhala.
IBeetroot isho izitshalo ezikhiqiza kahle amanzi futhi zithanda imvelo enamanzi ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle komswakama owedlulele. Ngakho-ke, kufanele iniselwe njalo. Akufanele ukuthulula ibhakede ngokushesha embhedeni wensimu; kungcono ukuyithulula ngobunono kusuka kuthini lokunisela ngezigaba eziningana, ukuvumela amanzi ukuthi amungene ngokuphelele futhi avimbele ukuzanyazanyiswa.
I-mulching inikeza umphumela omuhle ngokuya ngokugcina umswakama nokwakheka kwenhlabathi. IBeet ifunwa kakhulu ngokunisela ekuqaleni kokukhula kwayo futhi esigabeni sokukhulisa ngenkuthalo isisindo sesitshalo sezimpande, kepha amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu ngaphambi kwesivuno esilindelekile, ukunisela kungancishiswa kakhulu. Ngemuva kokunisela, kungakuhle ukuthi uthinte umbhede ngamabhungwe.
Imvamisa, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-beet akudingeki: uma ekuqaleni indawo yakhethwa kahle kuyo futhi kwafakwa udaba lwe-organic, khona-ke ama-beet azoba yinto yokudliwa sonke isizini. Ngokuqiniseka ekusweleni okukhulu kwanoma iyiphi into esemhlabathini, kufanele kusetshenziswe umanyolo wamaminerali. Musa ukuza nalokhu kwehluleka: uma uzokondla ngamanzi amaminerali - wamukelekile elabhoratri ukuze kuhlaziywe inhlabathi.
Siqoqa futhi sigcine izilimo
Azenzanga lutho olukhethekile: bahlwanyela, bathambisa futhi banisela, kwabe sekufika iqoqo. Siqoqa izindebe ngesimo sezulu esomile, sinqume amaqabunga amasentimitha nengxenye kuya kwesibili ngaphezulu kwesitshalo sezimpande, singathinti izimpande, sihlanze ngokucophelela kusuka emhlabathini bese soma emthunzini ngaphansi kwekholomu. Elangeni akufanele libe njalo. Ngemuva kwalokho siyifaka emabhokisini, siyithulule ngesihlabathi esomile bese siyifaka emiphongolweni.
- UZhek Volodin - Abapheki Bezingadi Abapheki
