I-Echinopsis cacti ingesinye sezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabatshali basekhaya. Zibekwe hhayi kuphela ekuqoqweni kwezitshalo ezinhle, kodwa futhi zikhule kwezinye izingoma zezimbali. Izimbali ze-Echinopsis zingahlobisa noma iyiphi i-sill yewindows, futhi ukungalingani okuthe xaxa ekunakekelweni kwenza lezi zitshalo zivame ukuba zezivakashi ezindlini namahhovisi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-Echinopsis zibandakanya i-lobivia, trichocereus ne chamecerius.
Izinhlobo ze-Echinopsis cacti kanye nokuqhakaza kwazo
Imbali yasekhaya I-Echinopsis (I-Echinopsis) - ikhodi yokubonakala kwe-classical. Kusakazeke kakhulu ezindlini zezimbali zasendle, "ama-hedgehogs aluhlaza" yi-Echinopsis engenazimpande. Ngaphezu kwazo, ezinye izinhlobo ezingama-30 ze-Echinopsis efanele zingatholakala kusiko (i-pseudo-lobivies ifakiwe kuleli qembu). Kubandakanya nezinhlobo ezaziwa kudala, kodwa ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa okungahleliwe ziye zaba ezingandile.
Kuyamangaza okokuqala nokuphambili I-Echinopsis Airiesi (B. eyriesii) Ezitshalweni "zangempela" zalolu hlobo, isiqu esimnyama esimnyama sinezimbambo ezingama-11-18 ezinde futhi ezibukhali, lapho kukhona amabhola amhlophe we-fluffy areola. Ameva amafushane, avele ngaphandle kwe-areola fluff. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, le Echinopsis iphonsa ubude obude, bufika ku-25 cm, imicibisholo emhlophe qhwa equkethe amacembe amakhulu.
Ngokungafani naye, I-Echinopsis oxegon (B. oxingo) imisipha ebukhali neninginingi ivezwa kahle. Lenhlobo iyi-giant yangempela enama-spherical stems efinyelela ku-25 cm ubukhulu.
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, izimbali ezise-Echinopsis oxegon zine-pink-red hue:
Eminyakeni yamuva, iye yathandwa ikakhulukazi. I-Echinopsis subdenudate (B. subdenudata), ebukeka ingajwayelekile ngokuphelele, ngoba cishe ayinawo ameva, kanti nesiqu sayo esihlobisa 'I-Fuzzy Navel' sicishe sibe mncane, sinama-white amasha ama-pubescent areoles.
Ezinhlotsheni kwesinye isikhathi eziye zavela njengohlobo lwe-pseudo-lobes, umuntu kufanele aqambe i-Echinopsis obrepanda (B. obrepanda), ngokumangazayo ngezinhlobo zemvelo ezingejwayelekile, ezihlukile ngosayizi, umkhuba, kanye nokukhula komgogodla, izinhlobo eziningi ezichazwe ngaphambilini ze-Echinopsis zaphenduka izinhlobo ezingokwemvelo zalezi zinhlobo ezihlukahluka kakhulu.
Naka isithombe salolu hlobo lwe-Echinopsis - izimbali zaso zipendiwe ngazo zonke izinhlobo zomthunzi, ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokubomvu okukhanyayo:
I-Echinopsis ihambelana kakhulu nomqondo wethu wekhokhasi ejwayelekile, yangempela. Igama elijwayelekile "I-Echinopsis" (i-Echinopsis) liguqulela kusi-Russian okuthile okufana ne- "hedgehogs". "AmaHedgehogs aluhlaza" - lokhu kumayelana ne-Echinopsis. Ngempela, ehlanganiswe ngameva abunjwe ngenaliti okwangempela, aluhlaza okotshani, ayicici le- “cactus” kakhulu. Ngeza kulokhu okunethezeka, kepha ngesikhathi sakamuva futhi kufane nezimbali ezingabonakali, kuvulwa kuphela amahora ambalwa futhi kugadla ngokuqhathaniswa nesiqu esingathandeki, izingane ezihlekisayo ezikhula ezindaweni ezingalindelekanga kakhulu. Cishe zonke izindaba zasekhaya mayelana ne-cacti, ubandlululo ngokuqondene nalezi zitshalo, ama-caricature nezinganekwane zixhumene ne-Echinopsis.
Lapha ungabona izithombe zezimbali ze-Echinopsis cacti zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene:
Izinhlobo ze-cacti Echinopsis lobivia (enesithombe)
Iqembu elikhulu kunazo zonke le-cacti manje elihlanganiswe kuhlobo lwe-Echinopsis yi-Lobivia cactus eyaziwayo. Izinhlobo nezinhlobo eziningi zalezi zitshalo ziyaziwa, ukuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo phakathi okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kanye nokuxhumana namaqembu asondelene - i-Echinopsis efanele, i-pseudo-lobes, kanye nokubuyiselwa emuva. I-cobti yaseLobivia ihluke kakhulu ngokubukeka.
Bheka isithombe - yonke i-lobivia ihlanganiswe ngumsuka ovela ezifundeni zezintaba nezimbali ezinkulu ezinazo zonke lezi zitshalo ezivulwa phakathi nosuku:
Njenge-cacti yasezintabeni, badinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi, umoya omusha kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngaphandle kwalokho, aziqhakaze, zilule ngokudabukisayo, zilahlekelwe ubuhle bemithambo yazo. Ngokuvamile, isimo sinje nge-Echinocereus: bayakwazi ukubekezelela izimo zekamelo ezingafanele kubo, kodwa akukho lutho oluhle oluyovela. ILobivia ingaqalwa abaqoqi be-novice, kuphela uma benethuba lokunikeza lezi zitshalo ilanga eligcwele entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ukubekwa phakathi kwezimbali ezisefasiteleni noma ekuhlobisweni kwangaphakathi, i-lobivia ayifaneleki ngokwezigaba.
Inombolo enkulu yamafomu amele i-lobivia engenakungabaza futhi isabalele - I-Echinopsis (ILobivia) i-aurea (aurea) - ebunjiwe, njenge-Echinopsis yangempela, enezinhlobonhlobo zezikhala: i-spiky emfushane, inenwele ende embozwe ngenaliti noma mncane.
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, i-aurea lobivia cactus inezimbali ezinhle kakhulu, ezinhle kakhulu zephuzi, okuvame ukubizwa ngalo ngokuthi "golide ":
Olunye uhlobo olukhanyayo futhi oluhluke kakhulu lwe-lobivia yi-E. (L.) marsoneri (marsoneri), enamashubhu amade amancanyana, ubude (kufika ku-6 cm) futhi ihlala igoba emaphethelweni ngezimbali nezimbali ezinomlingiswa, opharynx wayo obanzi umnyama ( lo mbala ongajwayelekile ubukeka umehluko kakhulu kwifomu le-E.-flowered flowered ye-E. (L.) jajoiana var.nigrostoma (nigrostoma) - kwezinye izindlela nezinhlobonhlobo zalezi zinhlobo izimbali zibomvu noma ziwolintshi.
Ngezansi ukukhethwa kwezithombe zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lobivia:
I-Cactus chamecereus: isithombe nokunakekelwa ekhaya
Ngokuya ngohlelo lwanamuhla, amaqembu amaningi athandwayo e-cacti angamalungu echinopsis. Umuntu angasho nje kuphela isihlahla esincane esimnandi, esaziwa kangcono ngaphansi kwegama langaphambilini - i-chamecereus (E. chamaecereus) I-chametereus cactus ekhula kahle futhi emangazayo ngokumangazayo, yize incanyana, ithambile, ibuthakathaka obuthakathaka, ingakwazi ukumelana nelanga eliqhakaze kakhulu (kuphela ukuqhuma okuncane), kanye namazinga okushisa aqandayo (aminyene nje kancane), kanye nokwephulwa kwayo yonke imithetho yokulungiswa kwe-cactus endlini (hhayi kuphela blooms). Uma okungenani izimo ezincane zobukhona obujwayelekile zenzelwe yena - ukukhanya, ukunisela ngesikhathi sokukhula nobusika obomile, obupholile, uzoqhakaza kakhulu.
Naka isithombe se-chametzerius - iqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu, eziningi ngokungalindelekile kwesinye isitshalo esincane:
I-Chamecereus isakazeka kalula ngamagatsha, izingane, futhi ingaqhakaza ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Ukulungela okumangalisayo kwe-chamecereus yezimbali akuzange kubonwe ngabazalisi. Ngokwezinzuzo zalesi sitshalo ngosizo lwe-hybridization, banezela izimbali ezahlukahlukene zenye i-cacti, ikakhulukazi i-lobivia. Izindlela ze-hybrid ze-chamecereus zivame kakhulu kusiko, kepha, ngombono wami, azinalo iqoqo noma inani elikhethekile lokuhlobisa. Uhlobo olungenayo i-chlorophyll-mahhala ye-chamecereus esisanda kusakazeka kwezohwebo, okhula, empeleni, esefomini elilungiselelwe, kuphela isithunzi esibuhlungu sezitshalo zemvelo. Ukuphakama kwawo kwe-anemic and fragility kwenza umuntu azibuze ukuthi ngabe kuqhubeka kanjani kusiko. Lapho unakekela i-chamecereus ekhaya, lungela iqiniso lokuthi le cacti ingeyokuqala ukuba yisisulu sikakhonkolo obomvu oyisicaba. Lesi isithende sakhe se-Achilles.
Lapha ungabona isithombe se-Echinopsis chametzerius Izinhlobo:
Izinhlobo ze-cacti Trichocereus ne-echinopsis yenethiwekhi (enesithombe)
Kulesi sigaba sendatshana ungabona izithombe futhi uthole amagama ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ze-Echinopsis.
Futhi elinye iqembu elikhulu le-cacti, ngaphambili elalithathe uhlobo oluhlukile, lajoyina i-Echinopsis yohlobo - lokhu trichocereus (Trichocereus) UTrichocereus, yi-Echinopsis.
Lesi sithombe sikhombisa ukuthi i-trichocereus inezimbali zezinkanyezi ezinkulu ezinamakha amade neneziqu ezifanayo, kuphela eziphakeme kune-Echinopsis:
Ezindaweni ezifudumele, ama-trichocereus aqhakaza kakhulu i-cacti nalabo abasondelene nabo, ayaziwa kahle kepha ahlotshiswe ngezimbali ezifanayo zikanokusho, iHelianthocereus, ehlanganiswe ne-Echinopsis, iyizitshalo ezijwayelekile zasengadini. Nathi, zikhula ziqhakaze kuphela emhlabathini ovikelekile. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi nezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezinkudlwana ezinkudlwana, zikhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke azisakazeki ezweni lethu, futhi sizibona ziqhakaza ikakhulu ezithombeni. Eqoqweni ungathola uhlobo lwe-trichocereus yi-tillage E. (T.) pachanoi nezinye izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa njengamasheya. Ngokusobala, ngokusakazwa kwezingadi zasebusika nokutshala kweziqukathi zezithelo emoyeni ovulekile, ama-trichoceraeus angathandwa kakhulu.
Bheka isithombe se-trichocereus cacti - izimbali zazo zikanokusho ngempela:
Enye i-Echinopsis emincane ethokozisayo, futhi engummeleli wohlobo lwangaphambili oluzimele nolwe-monotypic (okungukuthi, oluqukethe inhlobo eyodwa kuphela) uhlobo, i-Echinopsis E. (Setiechinopsis) mirabilis. Lesi sitshalo sibeka imbewu ngaphandle kokufaka uthuli, ihluma kalula futhi ngokushesha - eminyakeni emibili! - Ifinyelela ukuvuthwa nama blooms.
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, ukuqhakaza kwe-Echinopsis cactus yalolu hlobo kudinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile: kukholamu encane yesentimitha 2 ebusuku ikhophi elincane lembali enhle, futhi elimnandi:
I-Echinopsis ayivezi noma yiziphi izidingo ezithile zokunakekelwa. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi maduze nje, njengoba ikhula, ilahlekelwa ubuhle bokuhlobisa bekheyisi bese iphenduka into ethambile futhi emabi. Ukuze i-Echinopsis ihlale iqhakaza, kubalulekile ukuvuselela lezi zitshalo ngokuhlwanyela njalo.
Ungayenza kanjani i-Echinopsis iqhakaze ekhaya
Ama-Echinopsis anomlando omude kangaka wokutshala emakamelweni, futhi okhokho bawo - izinhlobo zemvelo - anqamula kalula komunye nomunye kangangokuthi konke esikubona emafasiteleni ethu kuwumphumela osobala wokuhlanganiswa kabusha kanye nokukhethwa isikhathi eside okungahleliwe. Ngokuvamile, ama-cacti "angama-mongrels." Futhi nje ngesiqalekiso, muhle futhi muhle.
Shayela kunjalo. "I-Echinopsis hybrid" (I-Echinopsis hybr.) Umehluko kuphela phakathi kwe-Echinopsis yangempela ne- “cactus” enhle ukuthi akuzona izitshalo zasogwadule. Ngokungafani nalokhu kwamuva, zizizwa zizinhle kakhulu engxenyeni yezakhi (ngokufakwa kwe-humus, i-peat, inhlabathi enamaqabunga), ngenkathi i-substrate ingasinda kakhulu kunakwamanye ama-cacti. Futhi izitsha zokunakekela i-Echinopsis, ngokulandelana, zingasetshenziswa ezikhudlwana.
Lawa ma-supplete, ikakhulukazi ehlobo, anganiselwa kakhulu kunezihlobo zawo ezomile ezithandayo, zivundiswa (ngisho nangomanyolo we-organic, kodwa hhayi ohlanganiswe kakhulu), futhi zivame ukufafazwa. Bazokuphatha ngaphandle kwelanga elihangulayo, noma, njengoba bezilungiselelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, bazokuma elangeni ehlobo lonke ngaphandle kokushiswa. Abadingi ukushisa: kumzila ophakathi nendawo bangahlala izinyanga zasehlobo emoyeni ovulekile. Kungenxa yalokhu kunakekelwa okungapheli ekhaya ukuthi abakwa-Echinopsis sebenezimpande emakamelweni. Noma ephula yonke imithetho yokunakekela i-cacti (ukuthambisa ngokweqile, ukuchelela ubusika, umanyolo, umkhawulo wokukhanya), umlimi we-necactus ngeke abhubhise i-Echinopsis. Imiphumela engemihle yokunakekelwa okungafanele ibe isiqu eside futhi esingenakho ukwakheka, imisipha emibi, izingane eziningi ezinesikhumba, ukuqhakaza okungandile noma ukungabikho kwayo.
Kuthiwani ukube wawunesitshalo nje esinganakwa? Ungayenza kanjani i-Echinopsis iqhume ekhaya lakho? Okokuqala udinga ukucabanga ukuthi i-Echinopsis enhle nenempilo ka-hybrid kufanele ibe njani. Lesi yisitshalo esiyindilinga esivulekile, esifushane, esifishanisiwe esinobude obungafika ku-15 cm ububanzi, luhlaza okotshani ngombala, onamandla, acwebezelayo, ovame ukubonakala amnyama, kanye nenani elincane lezingane - kuphela ngohlobo olucwengekile. Uma, empeleni, isitshalo ositholile sisengalethwa kulesisimo, zama ukukwenza ngokulandelayo. Ngokucophelela (ngaphandle kokuphula ameva aseduze futhi ungashiyi sigaqa esiqwini), susa zonke izingane uma kungenzeka (ungashiya umbhangqwana phansi kwesiqu, kanye nalezo ezingasuswa ngaphandle kokulimala okungathi sína kwesitshalo somama). Ngemuva kwalokho faka lesi sitshalo ebhodweni elisha, elanele ukubekwa mahhala kohlelo lwalo lwezimpande, ngesakhi somzimba sezakhi. Jula phansi - uncishiswe, ukhonkolo - ingxenye yesiqu ungene emiseleni engenhla, ngemuva kokufaka isitshalo ngqo. Bese umnikeza ukunakekelwa okudingekile. Izoguqulwa ngaphambi kwamehlo ethu futhi iqhume kakhulu ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kwale nqubo.
Uma incazelo ye-Echinopsis eye yawela ezandleni zakho ishiya isifisa kakhulu (isitshalo singanakwa kakhulu, sinwetshiwe, sinemikhawulo - ukulandela kwezifo nezikhathi zokukhula ebumnyameni), izibazi, amabala, ameva aqhekekile, kepha nokho uyaxolisa ukuhlukana nakho, zama vuselela kabusha kabusha. Ukunakekela i-Echinopsis cactus enjalo, kuyadingeka ukunqamula ingxenye engenhla yesiqu kude nebanga elikhudlwana elikhudlwana kunobubanzi besiqu (kungcono endaweni yokuncipha kwesiqu). Bese usika onqenqemeni lwangaphandle lokusika bese uvumela ukusikwa okuphumayo komile. Ngemuva kwalokho ingafakwa phansi ebhodweni olungenalutho futhi ishiywe kulesi sikhundla cishe inyanga, futhi uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ekwindla noma ebusika - kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Izimpande ezivela engxenyeni esemaphakathi yokusika zingaba sezivele zivele ngalesi sikhathi. Kunoma ikuphi, isitshalo ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi sibekwa ngqo ebhodweni eligcwele isendlalelo sokutshala ngesendlalelo esingaphezulu (amasentimitha ayi-0,5) wesihlabathi esihlanganayo noma amatshe amahle. Isiqu esinempilo sizokhula ngokushesha ngokunisela ngokucophelela futhi sikhule ngokuzayo.
echinopsis ehle.
Ekugcineni, isitshalo esihle singatholakala ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-Echinopsis cactus ekhaya. Imvamisa, izingane zalaba abaphumelele zinezimpande eziwugqinsi, ezimfishane, “ezifuna” kusitshalo somama, futhi ngokushesha zingafakwa ebhodweni elinomugqa wokumila (“intambo yesambulela” yokuzixhuma nesitshalo sikamama incane kangangokuba inxeba lincane kakhulu, hhayi idinga isikhathi sokumiswa isikhathi eside).
Njengoba kubonakala esithombeni, imbali ye-Echinopsis yengane kahle ikhula ngokushesha futhi ingaqhakaza ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala:
Kodwa-ke, uma ufuna ukungagcini nje ngokuhle, kodwa isitshalo esihle, udinga ukusikhulisa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Ukusakazwa isikhathi eside okuyisidina kudala ukwenza buthaka izimfanelo zokuhlobisa ze-Echinopsis - ukwakheka kwezingane kuyathuthukiswa, nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuyenziwa buthaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusakazwa kokumanyiswa kuholela ekuqongeleleni kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Imbewu ye-Echinopsis ingatholakala wedwa, uvikele izimbali ezimbili eziqhakaza ngasikhathi sinye ngokuhlukahluka (hhayi ezinganeni ezivela kotshwala obufanayo mama!) Izitshalo. Imbewu ye-Echinopsis inkulu, kulula ukuyimila, izithombo zikhula ngokushesha, zihlangene. Ukuqhakaza kwazo kungalindelwa onyakeni wesine noma wesihlanu wokuphila.
Phakathi kokunye okwakhiwa ezindlini, ama-Echinopsis atholakala kalula ekuhlaseleni imikhaza ebomvu, izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikelemu kanye nezibungu. Owokuqala uvame ukutholakala ngokugqwala okumboza izicubu ezincane phezulu kwezitshalo, ezinye zibonakala ngokucacile esiqwini noma ezimpandeni (lapho zitshalwa). Ukuqhakaza nokuntuleka kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kwe-Echinopsis ezimweni ezibonakala zithandeka kungabangelwa ngokufanele yilezi zinto eziyingozi. Ukufafaza ngokuphepha ngokubulala izinambuzane nokuhlolwa kwezitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile kuzosiza ukugwema imiphumela emibi yezinambuzane. Lawa ma-faulents amelana nezifo zokukhunta kanye namagciwane.
Lapha ungabona isithombe sokunakekelwa kwe-Izopsis cactus ekhaya:
