Isitshalo esinqabile kanjalo arundinaria (I-Arundinária) iyi-perennial, futhi ihlobene ngqo nomndeni wamabele. Isitshalo esinjalo sivela eJapan naseChina, kepha okwamanje kungahlangatshezwana ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo eNtshonalanga Yurophu nase-USA. Ibizwa nangokuthi umhlanga noma i-bamboo yangaphakathi. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-20. Ezinye zazo zithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi nabalimi. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, ukuphakama kwe-arundinaria kungahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-0,5 kuye kwayi-8. Ekhaya, njengomthetho, kuphela izinhlobo zezitshalo ezinkudlwana kuphela, ukuphakama kwazo okuhlukahluka kusuka kumamitha ayi-0,4 kuya kwayi-3.
Isitshalo esinjalo sinamaqabunga aqinile agqanyisiwe okwenziwe ngamahlamvu asondelene nesisekelo sehlumela. Lapho kukhula, amapuleti anjalo amaqabunga ahamba kancane kancane ashiye ihlumela bese ehla. Lezi zincwajana azinkulu kakhulu, futhi zine-petiole. Phezu kobuso bawo kunephethini elibonakala kahle lemithambo. Umbala amahlumela namahlamvu ngqo kuncike ezinhlotsheni, futhi ungaba noma yimuphi umdwebo osuka kwesiliva uye onsomi, oluhlaza okotshani noma okhilimu. I-Drooping noma ezinwabuzelayo (enezinduku kanye nama-internode) amahlumela akha isihlahla noma amahlumela akhula ngokuqondile kusuka ku-rhizome. Ingxenye yangaphakathi yeziqu ayinalutho, kanti ihlumela ngokwalo lifana nesihlahla uma lithintwa. Ngenxa yalezi zimpawu, iziqu zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwamathoyizi, kanye nakuwo uthango.
I-inflorescence, enesimo sebhulashi (panicle), ithwala izimbali ezincane. Ama-Spikelets amade ahlukaniswa okugeleza okukodwa.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Arundinaria ekhaya
I-Arundinaria isitshalo esishisayo, maqondana nalokhu idinga ukuzama ukudala izimo eziseduze nemvelo. Ubunzima obukhulu kakhulu kulabo abalimi ekunakekeleni isitshalo esinjalo ubusika obufanele, ngoba izinga lokushisa elidingekayo kufanele libe cishe kuma-6-8 degrees.
Imodi yokushisa
Izinga lokushisa elilungile ehlobo lisuka ku-18 liye ku-20 degrees, kuthi ebusika - kube ngama-degree ayi-10 (okungcono kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-8 degrees). Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (angaphezu kwama-15 degrees) ebusika, isitshalo esinjalo siqala ukwanda. Ubusika ekushiseni buqeda i-arundinaria, okungaholela ekufeni kwayo. Ehlobo, ochwepheshe baluleka ukuhambisa lesi sitshalo emigwaqweni. Kuyadingeka futhi ukungena ngokulandelana kwigumbi lapho likhona.
Umswakama
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo sincamela ukukhula emachibini echibi nasemfuleni, ezindaweni eziphakemeyo ezinamabhashini. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezimweni zekamelo akudingi umswakama ophezulu. Abatshali abanolwazi bancoma ukuthi isidingo somswakama womoya e-arundinaria sinqunywe ngamandla. Ngakho-ke, uma umswakama ophansi ukhula futhi ukhula ngendlela ejwayelekile, khona-ke ukuthambisa nge-sprayer kungenziwa kakhulu. Uma umswakama womoya uphansi kakhulu, khona-ke udinga ukufafaza amahlamvu nsuku zonke. Ngale njongo, amanzi athambile kuphela afanele.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, udinga ukunisela izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Inhlabathi esembizeni kufanele ibe nomswakama ngaso sonke isikhathi. Akukaze kube ngaphansi kwezimo lapho ikhephu lobumba lome ngokuphelele. Ebusika, ukuthambisa kunqunyelwe kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sinconywa ukuba siniselwe kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwesahlukanisi sesomile kahle.
Umanyolo
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ngokuhlelekile izikhathi ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngenyanga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali. Ukwenza ngcono ukukhula nokukhula kwama-assimens asemasha, kusetshenziswa okusetshenziswa i-phosphorus, kanti kusetshenziswa umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen ukwandisa inani lamahlamvu. Ikhophi yabantu abadala lidinga ukugqokwa okuphezulu okungavamile, okukhiqizwa kuphela uma isitshalo sinezimpawu zokuntuleka komsoco. Ekwindla nasebusika, umanyolo awusetshenziswa enhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Isitshalo esinjalo siqhakaza kube kanye, futhi lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka sineminyaka engama-33 ubudala. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, isihlahla siyafa.
Ukukhanya
Isitshalo esinjalo kufanele sivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Ikhula kahle ngaphansi kokukhanya kokukhanya noma emthunzini oyingxenye. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuyibeka kuwindo lokuma ngasenyakatho noma lasempumalanga. Uma ibekwe efasiteleni lasentshonalanga noma eliseningizimu, khona-ke ukufakwa kumithunzi kusuka kumisebe yelanga elihangayo lasemini kuzodingeka.
Indawo
I-Arundinaria izizwa ingcono kakhulu egumbini lokutholwa entshonalanga nasempumalanga. Ingabekwa nasekamelweni laseningizimu, kepha kufanele lipholile. Uzozizwa emkhulu eluhlaza, everandeni noma egunjini lesikhungo.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Ungathenga ukuxubana kwenhlabathi ethengiwe yezihlahla zesundu, i-dracaena noma i-dracaena ne-yucca. Inhlabathi efaneleke kakhulu kufanele ibe ne-acidity ye-pH 6.8. Ukulungiselela ukuxubana kwenhlabathi, udinga ukuhlanganisa ezingxenyeni zomquba olilinganayo nomhlaba wezwe owakhiwe ngobumba, kanye nesihlabathi. Kunconywa ukuthulula ishidi lomhlaba.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ungasabalalisa ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome, futhi le nqubo iyanconywa ukuba yenziwe inqubo yokufakelwa. Ungasiphula futhi izingcezu ezitholakala lapho uthamba isihlahla. Noma kunjalo, khumbula ukuthi ukuthena akudingekile.
Sika ukusika okuluhlaza okhiqizwe ehlobo noma entwasahlobo. Etshalwe emhlabathini, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukufudumala okuphansi kwethangi. Ukusika okunjalo kudinga ukufudumala kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
I-Rhizome ekhishwe enhlabathini kufanele ihlukaniswe ngommese obukhali ibe inombolo edingekayo ye-Delenok. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwahlukaniswa ngakunye kutyalwe esitsheni esihlukile esigcwalisiwe ngenhlanganisela yomhlaba enomswakama. Isibambo kufanele simbozwe ngesikhwama esisobala futhi sibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle futhi efudumele. Susa indawo yokukhosela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Isitshalo sitshalwa entwasahlobo, njengomthetho, kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma emi-3. Ungathumela kuphela uma kunesidingo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho izimpande zigcwalisa yonke into. Kunconywa ukufakelwa imbali ngokudlulisela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isigaxa sobumba. Imbiza ebanzi hhayi enkulu kakhulu ilungele ukutshala.
Amathiphu Wokunakekela
Amathiphu ayisisekelo ahlobene nokunakekelwa:
- ukuhleleka okuhlelekile kwesendlalelo esingaphezulu sombhalo ongaphansi;
- ukusula amapuleti asuka othulini njengoba kudingeka;
- umthamo ofanele kufanele ube mkhulu futhi uphansi;
- Kunconywa ukukhula endaweni ebanzi.
Kuyathakazelisa! E-US, ugu olusempumalanga seluyindawo yokusatshalaliswa kwesitshalo esinjalo, esikhathaza kakhulu abahlali bendawo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
Izinkinga ezinkulu lapho kukhula:
- amaqabunga ayaphela, aphuzi, bese amahlumela anwetshiwe - ukukhanya okungalungile;
- amaqabunga amaqabunga ayaphela, aphuzi aphuzi - ukuthambisa kabi;
- ukulahla nokwehlisa amahlamvu - ukudada kwamanzi endaweni esemgodini;
- ukubukeka kokubola ezimpandeni - njengomthetho, lokhu kungenzeka ebusika ngokunisela ngokweqile;
- amathiphu amaqabunga aphuzi futhi omile - umoya omile kakhulu.
Ama-Whiteflies nama-spider mites angaphila kumahlamvu.
Izinhlobo eziphambili
I-Arundinaria appalachiana (Arundinaria appalachiana)
Lolu hlobo selwaziwa muva nje. Ngokwemvelo, isitshalo esinjalo singatholakala eNyakatho Melika esifundeni sezintaba ze-Appalachian. Ibizwa nangokuthi umhlanga wezintaba. Isihlahla, njengomthetho, asimude kakhulu, kodwa kunalokho si-bushy. Ihlala isetshenziswa njengezimbotshana. Ikhula kahle emthunzini oyingxenye wezitshalo ezinkulu zensimu. Ekhaya, kukhula kakhulu.
I-Arundinaria farges (i-Arundinaria fargesii)
Lesi sitshalo sivela eChina. Inokubukeka okuhle kakhulu, kepha ithandwa kakhulu ngabalimi kunabalimi. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-10, kuthi uma isikhulile endlini - ukusuka kumasentimitha angama-80 kuye kwangama-100. Amaqabunga acwebezelayo, abushelelezi njengebhande anzima kakhulu ukuthintwa. Lapho ikhule ngaphandle, kuvela inhlanganisela yebala elimhlophe noma elishiywe ngaphandle kwesikhala ebusweni bamahlamvu. Lesi sihlahla sitshala kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi sakha isihlahla esikhulu kakhulu, esibukeka sihlaba umxhwele kakhulu. Amahlumela amancane e-arundinaria anjalo abukeka ebukeka kakhulu ngenxa yombala wawo obomvu onsundu.
I-Arundinaria simoni (Arundinaria simoni)
Isitshalo esinjalo siyi-perennial. Isigqi sayo sijula ngokwanele emhlabathini. Amahlumela angafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 6. Phezu kwamahlumela kukhona ukugoba kwentambo. Zingama-cylindrical, ziqondile futhi zinezindawo ezihamba zodwa. Amagatsha esitshalo impela aqine. Amapuleti eshidi amakhulu afanelekile, apendwe luhlaza obumnyama, anomumo we-lanceolate noma i-lanceolate. Ama-inflorescence anobujamo bezinhlanga noma ukwesaba futhi aqukethe izindlebe ezi-monochromatic, ezinde nezisondelene.
I-Green-Striped Arundinaria (i-Arundinaria viridi-striata)
Amahlumela anemibala ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Amapuleti amaqabunga afinyelela amasentimitha angu-18 ubude, nemivimbo yokugqama kombala ophuzi ebusweni bawo. Inokuphakama ngamasentimitha ayi-150.
I-Arundinaria brilliant (Arundinaria nitida)
Amapheshana amancanyana ngobude angafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-10. Amahlumela anombala onsomi. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kungafinyelela amasentimitha angama-300.
I-Arundinaria Varigated (Arundinaria mosagata)
Lenhlobo ilungele kakhulu ukulinyelwa ngaphakathi. Amahlamvu angafinyelela kubude bamasentimitha ayi-100, futhi abukeka kahle kakhulu.
I-Arundinaria Muriel (Arundinaria mulielae)
Le nhlobo ifana ne-arundinaria ekhangayo, kepha amahlumela kulesi sitshalo aphuzi.
I-Arundinaria gigantea (Arundinaria gigantea)
Ezasekhaya yizingxenye eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States. Ububanzi beziziqu ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo buyi-7 cm, kuyilapho bengafinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-10. Amahlumela amancane anconywa kancane, kepha lapho ekhula aba izisihla eziphelele. Amahlumela we-Cylindrical awasho lutho ngaphakathi. Lesi sitshalo sihlwanyelwe kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi siyakwazi ukwakha amathikithi aminyene. Ubude bamapuleti eshidi buyahlukahluka kusuka ngamasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-30, futhi ububanzi buvela ku-2,5 kuye ku-4 amasentimitha. Banesimo esiyindilinga ezisekelweni namathiphu akhombe. Le nhlobo ilwa neqhwa, ayesabi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ibe ngu-30 degrees, kanti amaqabunga awawa ebusika.
Ngokuthabisako, ngobudala, iziqu zinezibazi ngokuphelele futhi ziyafana noqalo.
