Izitshalo ze-Herbaceous zomndeni wama-Orchid. Zifanekiselwa yi-epiphytic (izitshalo ezihlala ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kwenhlabathi, imvamisa kwesinye isitshalo ezithola izakhamzimba ezivela emvelweni) kanye nama-lithophytic (izitshalo ezidinga indawo enamadwala noma amatshe impilo). Ama-Epiphytes anqoba phakathi kwama-phalaenopsis.
Emvelweni, phalaenopsis uhlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezinomswakama e-Indonesia, Australia, Southeast Asia, ePhilippine Islands.
Ukubuka konke kwePhalaenopsis
Ekuhumusheni okungokoqobo kusuka esiGrekini, iPhalaenopsis ikhala njenge- "moth-like". Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba izimbali zalesi sitshalo esingajwayelekile zinesimo sesundu noma ibhabhathane. Imibala ehlukahlukene iyamangalisa. Noma ngabe uzimisele ukuqoqa ama-orchid ayo yonke imibala ekhona nemithunzi ekhaya, kuzodingeka uchithe isikhathi esiningi ukuze uyifeze. Kodwa i-phalaenopsis eyodwa noma eziningi zingahlobisa kakhulu ikhaya lakho futhi zikunikeze imizwelo eyakhayo kusukela ekucabangeni kobuhle bazo obungachazeki.
Ungayikhetha kanjani i-Phalaenopsis?
Ngakho-ke, unqume ukuzijabulisa ngokwakho ngokuthenga kwalesi sitshalo esihle. Yini okudingeka uyicabangele lapho ukhetha i-orchid?
- Isitshalo sifiseleka ukusithola ngesikhathi sezimbali. Ngemuva kwalokho ungakhetha umbala owuthandayo noma owuthandayo eqoqweni lakho.
- Kufanele unake amaqabunga: esitshalweni esinempilo aluhlaza okotshani, onamanzi, nge-sheen ye-waxy. Izimbali ezinamahlamvu owonakele, owomile noma odilikisiwe ahamba phambili esitolo.
- Izimpande ze-phalaenopsis ziluhlaza futhi zinamandla. Uma uhambisa imbali enempilo ebhodweni, khona-ke izimpande ziyohlala ziqinile esiqeshini. Uma uhlelo lwezimpande ze-orchid luhlupheka, khona-ke izimpande ziyovilapha futhi zihambisane neselula.
Ukukhetha indawo nendawo lokushisa
Ngakho-ke uthenge i-phalaenopsis yakho futhi manje udinga ukunakekelwa ekhaya ngemuva kwesitolo. Ukuze wenze imbali ibe ntofontofo, udinga ukukhetha indawo efanele lapho ezohlala khona futhi ukhethe umbuso wezinga lokushisa, ngoba kuncike ngqo ekutheni i-orchid izokujabulisa ngokuqhakaza noma cha.
I-Phalaenopsis ithanda ukukhanya kakhulu, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyigcina ezindaweni ezinokhanyo kahle, isibonelo, kuma-windows sill. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungadala ukushiswa kwesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuyibeka ohlangothini olusempumalanga noma olusentshonalanga. Uma indlu yakho inamawindi abheke eningizimu, ungenza ishalofu, uyibeke eduze kwewindi bese uxazulula i-phalaenopsis lapho.
Ngokuphathelene nokubusa kokushisa, kunezici ezithile. Ukuvuselela inqubo yokuqhakaza, udinga ukudala i-gradient yokushisa: ehlobo, gcina ama-degrees angama-24- 26, bese ebusika amasonto ambalwa kunciphisa amazinga okushisa abe ngama-degrees ayi-15-17. Le mbali izokwazi ukumelana nama-degree angama-30- 32, kepha uma izinombolo ezinjalo zibanjwa isikhathi eside, ama-phalaenopsis akho azokuphendula kulokhu ngokulahla izimbali zawo ezinhle namaqabunga aqobayo.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele ekhaya, i-Phalaenopsis orchid izokujabulisa ngokuqhakaza kusuka ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyi-6.
Khetha isendlalelo esifanele nembiza
Ukuze ama-orchid e-phalaenopsis azizwe kahle, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kufanele kufake indlela efanelekile yokukhetha ibhodwe nenhlabathi ezokhula kuyo.
Isendlalelo esidingekayo phalaenopsis ukunikeza ukuma okumi mpo, ngoba ngokwemvelo, imbali iniselwa yizimvula ezishisayo futhi kusuka ngaphansi, lapho umswakama uqhekeka phakathi kwamaqabunga, uthola izakhi zomzimba. Izimpande ze-phalaenopsis zibizwa ngokuthi i-aerial futhi akufanele zibe njalo emanzini. Ngakho-ke, ikakhulukazi kubo, kukhona i-substrate ethengiswayo, equkethe i-bark, enikeza ukufinyelela njalo komoya ohlelweni lwezimbali. Uma kukhona umswakama onganele egunjini, kufakwa i-moss-sphagnum encane ku-substrate, kodwa-ke, into esemqoka lapha ukungawasebenzisi ngokweqile, ngoba izogcina amanzi.
Kungcono ukukhetha ibhodwe obala, khona-ke isimo sendawo esezansi nezimpande zesitshalo kuzohlala kungaphansi kolawulo lwakho olubonakalayo. Ubukhulu bembiza bubalulekile: uma lilungile ngama-phalaenopsis, inhlabathi izokoma kabi, ekugcineni ezoholela ekubambeni kwezimpande. Ubukhulu obuncane bebhodwe buzoholela ekuhlushweni okungapheli ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ngama-aesthetics, ungafaka imbiza ebonakala ebhodweni lezimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, yize ukubonakala kwe-orchid enempilo nokuqhakaza kuzoheha wonke amehlo.
Umswakama nokunisela
Ukuze i-orchid ikhule futhi ijabulise umnikazi wayo ngayo umswakama ka-30-40% uyadingeka. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lidlula kahle i-phalaenopsis, imbiza yezimbali ingafakwa esikhwameni ngamatshe aminyene noma amatshe abunjiwe. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngomswakama ngokweqile, izimpande zingaqala ukubola.
Ukunisela noma "ukugeza" kwama-phalaenopsis luhlobo lwamasiko, okuvumela imbali ukuthi inikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele. Kusesandleni sakho kufanele uhlale umile noma unemvula njalo. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi okugeza ama-orchid lapha ekhaya kufanele libe ngaphezulu komoya kunokushisa kwamakamelo, cishe ama-26-8 degrees.
Esitsheni esigcwaliswe ngamanzi alungiselelwe kudingeka ucwilise imbiza nesitshalo okwemizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-4 ukugcwalisa isendlalelo ngokwanele nomswakama. Ngemuva kokugeza, faka ibhodwe le-phalaenopsis ethreyini noma ecebeni elijule ukuze umswakama owengeziwe ususwe ngemigodi yokudonsa engaphansi kwembiza. Ungavumeli ukuqina komswakama ezungeze izimpande ze-phalaenopsis.
Lo mkhuba kufanele wenziwe kanye ngeviki. Kepha uma amazinga okushisa esegumbini lapho i-orchid ikhula khona ngaphezu kwama-30 degrees - udinga ukukwenza lokhu izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto.
Ungayifaka kanjani phalaenopsis?
U-Orchid ungene esikhundleni esingaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono entwasahlobo.. Kepha kungenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizodinga ukufakelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuletha esitolo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu lapho i-orchid iyeka ukuqhakaza.
Ngokufakelwa, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-substrate entsha, kepha uma kungekho okunokwenzeka, khona-ke okudala kuyokwenza. Kufanele igezwe kahle, ibiliswe futhi yomiswe ngokuphelele.
AmaPhalaenopsis adinga ukususwa ebhodweni, ukuhlanza izimpande zezinsalela zenhlabathi. Ngemuva kwalokho kuye nngumbono omuhle uma kunjalo, susa amaqabunga aphuzi nezimpande ezonakele. Izingcezu kufanele ziphathwe nge-antiseptic. Ungacubungula isikelo ozonquma ngaso izingxenye ezingafanele zesitshalo.
Uma kungekho izimbobo ezansi kwembiza lapho uzothuthela khona i-orchid, udinga ukuzenza ngokwakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungqimba lobumba olwandisiwe lubekwa phansi, okuzokwenza umsebenzi wokudonsa. Sifaka imbali enkabeni bese siyifafaza ngokulinganayo emgodini ongaphansi, singakhohlwa ukuthi izimpande kufanele zikwazi ukungena emoyeni.
Izimo lapho i-orchid izoqhuma ngaphansi
- Ukulawulwa kokuswakama komoya egumbini lapho kuhlala khona i-phalaenopsis. Uma kunesidingo, moisten, ngoba ehlobo, umswakama uvame ukwehliswa.
Kudingeka ukukhanya okwanele, kepha hhayi elangeni eliqondile.- Ukuguquguquka kwamazinga okushisa kufanele kube kuncane, ngaphandle kokuthi kwehliswe ukuze kugqugquzelwe inqubo yokuqhakaza.
- Zama ukwenqaba ukuhlela kabusha ibhodwe le-orchid kusuka endaweni ngendawo.
Kudingeka ukukhanya okwanele, kepha hhayi elangeni eliqondile.Kunzima ukukhipha isimo esiyisisekelo, ngoba ukuhambisana nakho konke ku-tata kuholela emiphumeleni oyifunayo.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, phalaenopsis adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ukuze izimbali zivele kaninginingi, udinga ukunika isitshalo ukuphumula. Ukuze uthole lokhu, i-peduncle inqunywa izinso lesithathu noma ihlale ingeneme. Lapho i-orchid isilungele ukuqhakaza futhi, izophonsa isigaxa sezimbali esisha.
Ungayisakaza kanjani i-phalaenopsis eyenziwe ngayo?
Lapho uqonda ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kwama-orchid kulula kakhulu, khona-ke ungafuna ukuzama ukuzalanisa izilwane ezifuywayo. Akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi, kepha udinga ukubekezela.
Ngokuhlolwa kahle kwe-peduncle, udinga ukunquma ukuba khona kwama-buds okulala. Okokuvuka kwakhe dinga amazinga okushisa angama-24- 29 degrees. Ngento ebukhali, i-semicircular incision yenziwa endaweni yesisekelo sezinga lezinso futhi isuswa ngama-tweezers. Izinso ezingenalutho ziphathwa nge-cytokine paste futhi embozwe ngesiqeshana se-sphagnum.
Ngemuva kwamaviki angama-4-6 Ithole elilodwa noma amaningi angabhekwa esitshalweni enamahlamvu amancane noma amathathu. Inani lezingane lincike ekutheni zingaki izinso ozihlolile. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kwesinye isitshalo esisodwa akudingekile ukucubungula okungaphezu kwesisodwa, ngoba kunganikeza wonke amandla ezinganeni, futhi zizimele ngokwazo.
Ekupheleni kwezinyanga ezingama-3-4, izimpande zokuqala zivela emaqandeni. Lapho nje eba namandla futhi yafika ebangeni elingamasentimitha okungenani amabili, yasika i-orchid encane ngesiqeshana sikamama futhi sayifaka ebhodweni elihlukile. Izimpande kumele zimbozwe nge-moss ukuze zivikeleke ekomeni ngaphandle. Uma egumbini lapho imbali encane izokhula khona, umswakama awunele, ungenza indawo ebamba ukushisa ekhwameni lepulasitiki. Ukunakekelwa okuthe xaxa kuyafana nakwezinye phalaenopsis.
Ukukhetha umanyolo
Esinye isimo esinikezela ukunakekelwa okuhloniphekile ngumanyolo okhethwe kahle, ngoba kubalulekile.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhiqize kalula amaqabunga amasha, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ngengxenye enkulu ye-nitrogen kuzo. Kepha kufanele wazi isilinganiso, ukuze ungasinaki, ngoba ukukhula okukhulu kwamaqabunga kuvimbela ukuqhakaza. Ukulungisa lokhu kubheka, yeka ukondla.- Futhi kukhona amaqabunga anele. Manje ungasusa ama-phalaenopsis ukuqhuma, uwondle ngomanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus kune-nitrogen. Faka ingxube kuze kuqale inqubo yezimbali.
- Ngama-orchid e-phalaenopsis, ukugqoka okwenziwe ngohlobo loketshezi kuvame ukusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuzilungiselela kwawo okuzimele.
- Ehlobo, izitshalo kufanele zivundiswe ngokwesilinganiso kabili ngenyanga, futhi ebusika kanye.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sikhiqize kalula amaqabunga amasha, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi ngengxenye enkulu ye-nitrogen kuzo. Kepha kufanele wazi isilinganiso, ukuze ungasinaki, ngoba ukukhula okukhulu kwamaqabunga kuvimbela ukuqhakaza. Ukulungisa lokhu kubheka, yeka ukondla.Ukubona izimo ezilula futhi eqondiswa yimithetho yokunakekelwa kwama-phalaenopsis, ungakhula ekhaya lonke imbamba eluhlaza yezimbali ezinhle kakhulu ezingashiyi noma ngubani ongenandaba.
