Uhlobo lweNusularium (Nidularium) luhlobene ngqo nomndeni wakwaBromeliad (Bromeliaceae). Kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-80 zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Emvelweni, lesi sitshalo singatholakala emahlathini ashisayo aseBrazil.
Uhlobo lolo lufanekiselwa yi-semi-epiphytic kanye nezitshalo ze-epiphytic, ezingabumbeki. Zinezindawo ezinkulu ezidayisayo, lapho kukhona amapheshana anobubanzi obuyi-15 kuye kwangama-20, izinkomba zazo zikhonjisiwe. Imvamisa emaphethelweni amaqabunga ahanjiswa kahle. Izimbali ezincane eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence anezakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi azimeleli noma yiliphi inani lokuhlobisa. Ama-inflorescences afihlwe ngamabhulokhethi anemibala egcwele, futhi athola umbala obomvu ngenani elikhulu lezinhlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yezimbali.
Lapho ukuqhakaza kuqeda, i-rosette yamaqabunga iyafa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ibumba izingane eziseceleni eziningana. Zima ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokushesha ziqala ukuqhakaza. Lokhu kuvumela lesi sitshalo ukuba sikhule ngaphezu kwezindawo ezinkulu impela.
Ukunakekelwa kweNidularium ekhaya
Ukukhula kwe-nidularium ezimweni zamakamelo akunzima nhlobo, udinga nje ukulandela imithetho ethile engenzima kakhulu.
Ukukhanya
Ukusuka entwasahlobo yokuqala kuya kumaviki asekwindla wokugcina, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okugqamile, kepha okungafani (cishe ama-2600-3000 lux). Kulokhu, ekwindla, kanye nasentwasahlobo, kunconywa ukuhlinzeka imbali ngokukhanyisela okwengeziwe.
Abatshali abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba bayibeke efasiteleni lewindows elisezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga noma ezisempumalanga yegumbi. Iwindi lasenyakatho alilungile ngenxa yokuthi kunokukhanya okuncane futhi ukugeleza kwezimbali kungenzeka kungenzeki ngenxa yalokhu, futhi eseningizimu - ngokuba khona kwemisebe yelanga eqondile.
Imodi yokushisa
Ehlobo, i-nidularium izizwa ikhululekile emazingeni okushisa angama-22 kuye kwangama-25 degrees, ahambelana ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu saphakathi kwamabili. Ebusika, kunconywa ukuyibeka endaweni epholile (ama-degrees angama-18-20), kepha izinga lokushisa akufanele lizehle ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-16, ngaphandle kwalokho imbali ethanda ukushisa ingafa.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, ukuthambisa kufanele kube kuningi. Isendlalelo esingezansi masingavunyelwa ukoma, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi sigcwaliswe kancane. Ngesikhathi sokunisela, amanzi athululelwa ngqo endaweni ephumayo yamaqabunga.
Uma kugcinwa kubanda ebusika, futhi futhi uma kupholile ngokwanele ehlobo, kuncoma ukuthambisa okuncane. Futhi abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi bayeluleka ukuthi banganisi i-nidularium ngaso sonke isikhathi ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa baphethe kuphela amahlamvu awo.
Kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi athambile futhi axazululiwe, okufanele afudumele kancane.
Umswakama
Ukuze isitshalo sikhule futhi sikhule ngokujwayelekile, sidinga umswakama ophezulu. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuyikhulisa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezimanzi noma ezimibalabala. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke umswakama ungangezelwa ngokufafaza imbali ngokuhlelekile (okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku). Futhi, ukwandisa umswakama, ungathela ubumba olwandisiwe epanini bese uthela amanzi amancane. Futhi lokhu kungenziwa ngokubeka isitsha samanzi eduze kwe-nidularium.
Ingxube yomhlaba
Ingxube yomhlabathi efanelekile inenhlabathi ekhanyayo, i-humus, i-peat kanye neqabunga lomhlabathi, ezithathwa ngokulingana okulinganayo, futhi udinga nokuthululela amagxolo kaphayini omisiwe, amalahle kanye nesihlabathi lapho (ungangena esikhundleni se-perlite). Futhi ungathenga ukuxuba komhlaba okwenziwe ngomumo kwama-bromeliads.
Kuhle ukutshala isitshalo endishini ebanzi kahle, ngoba sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi akufanele ukhohlwe ngesendlalelo esihle sedamu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kusuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nesikhathi sekwindla 1 esikhathini emavikini ama-4, kuyilapho kufakwa umanyolo emhlabathini kanye nokunisela. Kulokhu, umanyolo okhethekile wama-bromeliads ufanelekile. Ungathatha futhi umanyolo wezitshalo zasendlini, kepha sebenzisa kuphela u-¼ womthamo onconyiwe kwiphakheji. Ebusika, ungondli.
Izici Zokufakelwa
Isitshalo siyatshalwa kuphela uma kunesidingo, uma isitshalo sikhula kakhulu, ngenkathi kuhlala yonke inhlabathi. Izinyawo ezingamahlamvu kufanele zitshalwe ezingeni elifanayo njengangaphambili. Uma zijule, khona-ke i-nidularium ingafa.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ingasakazeka kalula ngamachilo endodakazi (izingane). Ngakho-ke, ungahlukanisa i-kurtnik yonke ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Lapho uhlukanisa ukuphuma kwendodakazi, kuyadingeka ukuthi okungenani ibe namaqabunga ama-4, ngoba kulokhu uhlelo lwezimpande seluzokwakhiwa.
Ungakhula imbali le embewini. Kulokhu, ukuqhakaza kwenzeka kuphela eminyakeni emi-4 yokuphila imbali.
Izinambuzane nezifo
I-mealybug ne-scutellum ingahlala ku-nidularium. Isitshalo esinegciwane kufanele siphathwe ngamakhemikhali akhethekile.
Isitshalo singagula, uma imithetho yokunakekelwa ingalandelwa. Ngakho-ke ngokwesibonelo:
- amathiphu amaqabunga womile - umswakama ophansi;
- ukubonakala kwamabala ansundu akhanyayo - Imisebe yelanga eqondile eshaye isitshalo;
- uma isitshalo siniselwa kakhulu, singafa.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Ekhaya, zinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ze-nidularium ezikhulayo.
I-Nidularium Innocent (Nidularium innocentii)
Inamaqabunga amade amasentimitha angama-30-50, kanti ububanzi bawo ngamasentimitha angama-4-5. Ngaphansi kunsomi futhi phezulu kuluhlaza okotshani okune-tint ebomvu. Izifo okwakhelwe kuzo ama-inflorescence amafushane kakhulu. Amabhulokhi anombala obomvu ojulile. Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba. Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala emide evele ngogobongo.
I-Nidularium bilberg-shape (i-Nidularium billbergioides)
Amahlamvu ale nhlobo apendiwe ngombala oluhlaza ojulile futhi afinyelela amasentimitha angama-50-70 ubude, namasentimitha angama-3-4 ububanzi. Ama-inflorescences anamathiselwe kuma-peduncle acinene futhi aphezulu aqondile akhula ngokuqondile endaweni yokuphuma yamaqabunga. Amabhulokisi amasentimitha ayisikhombisa anombala ophuzi we-lime, kepha ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, ajika abe luhlaza. Izimbali zenziwa kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba.
I-Bridant Nidularium (Nidularium fulgens)
amapheshana aluhlaza agqamile anezindawo ezimnyama eziluhlaza afinyelela ubude bamasentimitha angama-30 nobubanzi amasentimitha amathathu. Uhlangothi olungaphandle lweqabunga linombala olula. Umehluko waloluhlobo kusuka kwabanye ukuthi unama-spikes ansundu agobile phezulu, afinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha amane. Anamathele emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Ameva akhiwe maphakathi nendawo mncane futhi ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezimbali aphenduka abomvu ngokugqamile.
