Tshala njengo i-asplenium (Asplenium), obizwa nangokuthi i-ossicle, uhlobene ngqo nomndeni wakwa-Aspleniaceae. Kungokwaluphi uhlobo lwe-epiphytic noma i-ferns yomhlaba, ebhebhetheke kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-asplenium zilungele ukukhula ekhaya.
Lesi sitshalo endle singatholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, kungabonakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-East Africa, New Zealand, Australia, kanye naseNyakatho India.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo ze-asplenium, esezikhulile ezindlini, zinamaqabunga amakhulu, zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani wohlobo oluhluke kakhulu, olwakha irosette. Zibuye zibe nesigqi esifushane nesinwabuzelayo, ebusweni lapho kukhona izikali ezithambile impela.
Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kuyahlukahluka: i-cirrus, i-dissected, unxantathu, i-xiphoid ende, kanye nokuba nemiphetho ye-wavy. Ngaphezulu kwelemapheshana yi-sporangia.
Lesi sitshalo silula ngokwanele ukuba sikhule, kepha uma nje simhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, le fern ikhula kakhulu kububanzi, ngoba uhlala enamaqabunga amasha avela enkabeni yokuphuma. Iba nomthelela omubi kakhulu lapho amahlamvu awo ethintwa.
Izinhlobo ezithile ezidumile
Isidleke se-Asplenium (i-Asplenium nidus)
Ifana kakhulu nezitshalo zomndeni wakwa bromeliad. Yisitshalo se-epiphytic futhi ihlala isezingeni lesibunji noma esihlahleni somuthi. Amaqabunga aphelele wesikhumba ukuphakama angafinyelela amasentimitha angama-75. Bakha indawo evulekile futhi ebanzi ngokwanele. Ezimweni zasendle, izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ziqongelela kule ndawo yokuphuma, kanye namanzi, futhi isitshalo siyazidla.
I-Asplenium bulbiferous (Asplenium bulbiferum)
Le fern eqinile, enotshani inamaqabunga, ama-cirrus avela ngesimo esingunxantathu. Zipendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani bese zifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-60.
Amahlumela wegaod avela emaqabungeni alesi sitshalo, lapho izingane zikhula khona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma uhlinzeka umswakama owengeziwe, khona-ke, njengoba sewele phansi enhlabathini okude kakhulu nefernet kamama, ingakhula. Lolu hlobo lukhula eNew Zealand.
I-Asplenium viviparous (Asplenium viviparum)
Lolu hlobo lwe-fern luyindawo yomhlaba. Unobude obude (ukusuka kumasentimitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-60), amaqabunga angahlukanisiwe enomumo owugobile we-arcuate. Phezu kwamaqabunga, kukhiqizwa ama-brood buds. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziyawa bese kuthi, uma ufinyelela enhlabathini enomswakama, uthathe izimpande.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-asplenium
Ukukhanya
Le fern iyi-photocilous, kepha ayibekezeleli imisebe yelanga eqondile, okuvela kuyo ukuthi ihlabe umthunzi kuyo.
Imodi yokushisa
I-Asplenium ithanda ukushisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi efudumele, uzizwa emuhle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa angama-20-25 degrees, ebusika, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa alikho ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-18. Akayithandi okusalungiswa.
Umswakama
Izidingo zanda umswakama (cishe amaphesenti angama-60). Ukufafazwa kaningi ngamanzi afudumele futhi ahlala ethambile kuyanconywa. Futhi le fern ingafakwa ku-pallet ebanzi, okumele igcwaliswe kuqala ngotshani noma ngobumba olwandisiwe bese ithela amanzi amancane.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi. Esikhathini esibandayo, kufanele kube ngokulinganiselayo. Ngalezi zinhloso, sebenzisa amanzi athambile at lokushisa kwasekamelweni. Awukwazi futhi ukunisela izitshalo, kodwa ngehlelele ngokwehla ubeke esitsheni esigcwele amanzi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Udinga ukondla i-fern kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba. Yenza lokhu 1 isikhathi emavikini ama-4, usebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo zomhlobiso wamahlamvu (faka ½ ingxenye yomthamo onconyiwe).
Izici Zokufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwenziwa njengokudingekile futhi kusetshenziswa ibhodwe elikhudlwana kuneliya ngaphambili. Umhlaba kufanele ube acidic futhi ukhulule kancane. Ingxube yenhlabathi ingenziwa ngokuzimela ngokuxuba ishidi, i-peat kanye ne-humus inhlabathi, kanye nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-3: 2: 1: 2. Kunconywa futhi ukuthulula i-sphagnum moss noma izingcezu zamalahle ezingxenyeni zomhlaba.
Ungasakaza kanjani
I-viviparous asplenium isatshalaliswa kalula yizingane, ne-asplenium ebunjiwe esidlekeni - ngokwahlukana kwesihlahla.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
- Izikhala noma imichilo yombala onsundu kusuka phansi kwamaqabunga - Lezi yizinhlamvu okusatshalaliswa ngazo isitshalo, futhi zakha ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezidumbu (fern endala).
- Amathiphu amaqabunga omile - umswakama ophansi.
- Amahlamvu amanzana kodwa angomi - lokushisa eliphansi, okusalungiswa.
- Emapheshana agqamile namamaki okushiswa kuwo - Ukukhanya okukhulu ngokweqile, iya kwenye indawo mnyama.
- Amahlamvu aluhlaza ngenkathi inhlabathi oswakanyisiwe - Ukuchichima okungenzeka nokwakheka kokubola kuhlu lwethanga.
