Kungani anyanisi oluhlaza engadini luphenduka ophuzi - izimbangela nezindlela zomzabalazo

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola kabanzi izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi u-anyanisi oluhlaza engadini uphenduke ophuzi nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nalokhu ngezindlela ezilula nezingabizi.

Kufika isikhathi sezindlu zempahla zasehlobo kanye nezingadi, futhi lesi yisikhathi sokuhlaziya amaphutha esikhathi sasehlobo esedlule futhi siwavimbele futhi.

Isikhathi sokulungiselela izithombo, ukukhumbula ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani, uvuselele inkumbulo ukuthi yimaphi umanyolo nokugqoka okuphezulu ezidingekayo ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezilimo.

Kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi izilimo esezitshaliwe seziqala ukusebenza ngokungalindeleki futhi, ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala, ziqala ukuqothuka kancane.

Bheka izizathu zokuthi kungani isivuno esivame kakhulu esivandeni - u-anyanisi oluhlaza, siqala ukuphenduka siphuzi.

Kungani u-anyanisi oluhlaza ephenduka ophuzi - izinkinga ziyindlela zokuzivikela

Izizathu zokuthi lesi sitshalo siqale ukuzizwa singathandeki, ziningi kakhulu. Sizozama ukunikezela abaningi babo ngangokunokwenzeka.

• Ikhwalithi yenhlabathi

Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqaphele yikhwalithi yenhlabathi lapho isitshalo sikhula khona, kungenzeka ukuthi inhlabathi ayinampilo eyanele, futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinto ezilandelwayo, isitshalo kungenzeka ukuthi siqale ukungaphenduki ophuzi, kodwa sibune ngokuphelele.

Endabeni ye-anyanisi eluhlaza, inhlabathi lapho isitshalo sikhona kufanele sigcwale ngokwanele i-nitrogen, kubalulekile ukunakekela ukondla kwesitshalo isikhathi esifanele ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi.

Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukuvimba uphuzi futhi lokhu sekwenzekile, khona-ke imibhede eno-anyanisi kufanele isondliwe ngomanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, zombili izinhlanganisela zamaminerali neze-organic zilungele lokhu.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulungisa lesi simo, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi yilesi sizathu sokuphuzi ephuzwini elithile.

Ngesikhathi sokukhula okwandisiwe nokuvuthwa, isivuno esifana no-anyanisi sidinga ukuthambisa okuningi.

Uma lesi sitshalo singakutholi ukuchelela okufanele, khona-ke ukuqala kwesibindi sensiba kuqala. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ungabangeli inkinga enkulu - izifo zokukhunta, ukuthambisa kumele kwenziwe kahle.

Izitshalo zokunisela zenziwa ezimpandeni, zizama ukugwema ukuthola umswakama onisiba. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elisetshenziselwa ukunisela isiko kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwama-degree angama-18-25, ukuchelela ngamanzi abandayo kuphikisana ngokuphelele.

Izifo zemvelaphi yesikhunta okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla zinzima kakhulu ukwelashwa, ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuzithatha ngokungathi sína, futhi okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi yisiphi isitshalo esithinte:

1. Uma kuvela amabala aphuzi ku-sheets, ekugcineni athola umbala omnyama kakhulu, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sithinteka kulokhu okubizwa njengokugqwala. Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwalesi sifo kungavinjelwa ngokufafaza nge-fungicides ethengiwe (ngokwesibonelo, “Khom”) noma i-chloroxide yethusi, engalungiswa ekhaya.
2. Uma amaqabunga e-anyanisi akhula enhlabathini ephenduka aphuzi kuqala bese omile, khona-ke into yokuqala yokuzama ukuthola isibonakaliso sesibili salesi sifo - izimpande zokubola, uma izimpande zaphenduka zabola, ungaxilonga i-fusarium ngokuphepha. Lesi sifo sesiko sibizwa nangokuthi phansi ukubola. Ukuze uvimbele ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo, ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwesitshalo kufanele kwenziwe kube okujwayelekile, ngoba imbangela yalesi sifo ingaba ukunakekelwa okungafanele.

Ukuze unciphise isixazululo se-oxechloride yethusi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganise isipuni esingu-1 se-sulfate yethusi, 1 isipuni sensipho namalitha ayi-10 amanzi.

Isinqumo esinzima kunazo zonke sokuhlasela ukuhlulwa kwesiko yizilokazane, okukhona kuzo izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle engadini.

• isiqu sesode;
• ukundiza kwe-anyanisi;
• ukubhema;
• umzingeli we-anyanisi oyimfihlo;
• anyanisi.

Ukuze kwelashwe uhlobo ngalunye lwezinambuzane, kuzothathwa izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke, ukuze ungabangeli lesi simo sibi, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izinambuzane komunye nomunye.

Izinambuzane ngenxa yokuthi u-anyanisi uphenduka ophuzi

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiluphi kulezi zinambuzane olimaza isitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthola okungenani umuntu oyedwa kuleso sitshalo bese uqhathanisa ukubonakala kwaso nencazelo.

• Isiqu sesode

Isici esihlukile sesitshalo esihlaselwe yilesi sinambuzane ngamagobongo agoba ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, kwesinye isikhathi amaqabunga aqhakaza, aphuzi futhi angakhuli kahle. Amabhuleki athinteka yi-nematode athambile, athambile futhi abukeka emile.

I-nematode isakazeka ngamaqanda, ayibeka ngaphakathi kweqabunga, yingakho kunzima ukuyibona. Ngakho-ke, ukutheleleka kunqunywa kuphela ngamaphutha angaphandle eqabunga.

Ama-nematode abantu abadala angamamitha ayi-1,1-1,8 mm, enomsila onobuthi obukhonjiswe ekugcineni.

• I-anyanisi indiza

Amacembe esitshalo angenwe yilesi sinambuzane alahlekelwa ukugqama kwawo, isobho, amakhoyili futhi aphuzi ngephuzu leqabunga.

Isinambuzane esiyingozi kakhulu sincane, hhayi ngaphezu kuka-7 mm, ngokubukeka okungabonakali ngokuqhamukayo kwimpukane. Ingozi iphuma ikakhulu kwizibungu ezifakwe ngumuntu omdala, zikhula ngaphakathi kweqabunga le-anyanisi bese zondla ngamajusi alo.

• Ugwayi uhlehla

Izimpawu eziphambili zokutheleleka:

1. Kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela inkathazo ngenxa yobukhulu bayo; lezi zinambuzane ezincane ngomzimba omude, izici zazo okunzima ukuzibona ngaphansi kwengilazi ekhulisayo.
2. Izici ezihlukile zokunqotshwa kwalesi "silo" - ukuba khona kwamachashazi aphuzi kanye / noma imisebe evulekile emaqabungeni esitshalo.
3. Kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nalolu hlobo lwezinambuzane, futhi ukuqala kokulwa kwenzeka ekwindla, ukuze entwasahlobo kungavunyelwa ukuthi izilimo ezintsha zizithelele.
4. Uma uhlaka lomhlabathi okwenziwa kuwo uhlanyelwe kakhulu lolu hlobo lwezinambuzane, kungakuhle-ke ukuthi ukutshala isivuno esisha kuso ngaphambi nje kweminyaka eyi-4.

• I-anyanisi eyimfihlo yokuzingela

Lesi sinambuzane sinobukhulu obungu-2.2-2.7 mm kuphela, futhi sibukeka sifana kakhulu nebhungane lendlovu, akumangazi, ngoba sinomsuka ofanayo naso.

Uma usubonile lesi sinambuzane esithombeni, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi ungasiboni. Isenzo inkathazo esisebenzayo kulesi sitshalo iholela ekubhekeni amabala eqabunga lesi sitshalo.

• I-anyanisi inundu

Njengokwezinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane, akubona abantu abadala abalimaza isitshalo, kepha izibungu zabo.

Ngenxa yabantu abadala, kungenzeka kuphela ukusheshisa ukutholwa kobunzima; indiza ngamanani amakhulu phezu kwezilimo zika-anyanisi.

Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ngezinye izimpawu, ekuqaleni kwezifo zokutheleleka, inkathazo, ngoba kuqala iqabunga lithinteka ngaphakathi.

Izimpawu zokuqala ezibonakalayo yimivimbo eshintshashintshayo ezimpaphe zika-anyanisi, kamuva izimpaphe ziqala ukuphenduka ziphuzi emaphethelweni eqabunga, kancane kancane ziphenduke ziphuzi ngokuphelele bese zoma.

Ngaphandle, abantu abadala amabhu ama-anyanisi empeleni awahlukile kokuvamile, ngaphandle kokuthi umbala ubonakala mnyama kakhulu.

Abantu balahla ugwayi wezinambuzane, umlotha, ugalikhi kanye ne-pepper infusions, ngenxa yamakha athile, basabisa abantu abadala, kuze kube nzima ngabo ukuhlehlisa izibungu.

Ukuze ugweme izinkathazo ngokuphathwa kwezitshalo zazo, okuthi ezimeni zezindawo ezivulekile kunzima kakhulu, kungcono ukungalethi kulokhu.

Futhi ukuvikela okungcono kwezifo zezitshalo ukunakekelwa okufanele kwazo, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukwenza izinqubo ezidingekayo kunokuba ubheke izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga eziba khona ngemuva kwesikhathi.

Uma uhlangabezana nezifo zezitshalo noma izinambuzane, akufanele ucabange ukuthi konke kulahlekile, kukhomba kahle imbangela ye- "malaise", ungasusa inkinga, futhi ujabulele isivuno esinempilo nesicebile ekwindla.

Siyethemba manje, sazi ukuthi kungani u-anyanisi oluhlaza engadini uphenduka ophuzi, uzothola isivuno esivulekile ngokwengeziwe.