Ukukhwela kukaKobeya engadini: kukhula nesithombe

Ukuze wenze uzungu lwakho lube yinhle futhi luqhakaze, qiniseka ukuthi utshala i-kobe. Le shrub liana ebukeka kahle yezimbali imane yakhelwe ukudonsela engadini engadini. Izwe lesitshalo esikhuphukayo ngokushisa yi-thermophilic ihlathi lamahlathi asezintabeni asezansi nasezindaweni ezishisayo zaseCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Ezweni lethu, njengomthetho, ukhula njengesitshalo sonyaka, ngoba i-kobey ayibekezeleli njalo amafrimu ethu.

UKobeya: izithombe nencazelo

Lesi sitshalo sitholakala ngeziqu ezinde, ngaphezulu kuka-7 m, lapho amaqabunga e-pinnate ayinkimbinkimbi atholakala ngokulandelana okulandelayo, futhi iziphetho zamagatsha zihlanganiswa ngothayela abenqabile, ngenxa yokuthi imbali ingazikhipha emhlabathini, ibambe nganoma yisiphi isisekelo. UKobeya ukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngesikhathi esifushane, ehlobisa izindawo ezinkulu ngesembozo yemvelo.

Isitshalo siqhakaza sikhulu (cishe ngosayizi ongu-9 cm) "izinsimbi" ezakha iphunga elimnandi le-musky: phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, amafomu ama-pedicel amade avela kumaqabunga e-axillaryezithweswe umqhele ngezimbali ezizodwa noma zeqembu lezingcezu ezingama-3-5 ngesihlungo esikhulu sokophuka kanye nokhilimu. Ama-inflorescence amasha aqala abe ne-hue eluhlaza ophuzi, bese imbali ijika ibe nsomi noma imhlophe (kuya ngohlobo lwe-kobe). Izithelo zalesi sitshalo ziyafana namaphilisi anokuthwalwa anesikhumba nokunwebeka kuwo ukuthinta, okugcwele imbewu encane eyindilinga.

Uma ilanga livame ukusicwilisa leso sitshalo ngokufudumala nokukhanya kwalo, khona-ke i-kobe ngokuqinisekile izosibuyisela: esimweni sezulu esihle, imbali ikhula ngokushesha ngokumangazayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpande ezinamandla ze-fibrous zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo izakhi zomzimba ezivela emvelweni.

Emndenini wakhe we-kobei kunezinhlobonhlobo eziyi-9, okuyi-eyodwa kuphela yazo okulimi ezimpande ekuhlobiseni ingadi, obizwa nangokuthi i-kobe ekhamba, noma, njengoba beyibiza kanjalo, "izinsimbi zezindela". Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lukhule ngempumelelo njengomhlobiso omuhle wesakhiwo somuntu siqu.

Izici zokufika kweKobe

Isigaba sokukhula kwe-kobe kusuka embewini siye kwi-liana ekhula kahle ingahlukaniswa ngezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• esigabeni sokuqala, imbewu ye-kobei itshalwe izithombo;
• esigabeni esilandelako, imbewu evuthiweko itshalwa emhlabathini.

"Ukuphila" kweTropiki kunqume umlingiswa oyinhloko walesi sitshalo: i-kobe ayikwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa amabi, ngakho-ke itshalwa njengesitshalo sonyaka. Ungathola lobu buhle esakhiweni somuntu kuphela ngokutshala i-kobe enezinhlamvu.

Ungatshala kanjani imbewu ye-kobe?

Sinikeza ukujwayelana nemiyalelo yokukhula kobei:

• ukusebenza ngembewu kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngaphansi kwesiqukathi sokhuni simbozwe izingqimba eziningana zephepha lasendlini yangasese noma i-gauze, khona-ke lolu phansi lubhalwe ngesixazululo se-manganese (i-potanganum permanganate). Imbewu yeLiana ibekwa eyodwa ngasikhathi ibanga elincanyana phakathi komunye nomunye. Isitsha esinezithombo ezizayo ezingahlotshisiwe sisebenzisa ifilimu yepulasitiki;
• indawo yomthamo ikhethiwe ifudumele, ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga engaqondile. Kulungile uma imbewu imbozwe kungazelelwe umphunga: kulokhu kugezwa ngesixazululo se-manganese, kufakwe elinye iphepha lodonga bese kubekwa kabusha kuso isitjalo esihlanzekile sokutshala. Izithombo ezintekenteke zakha cishe izinsuku eziyi-18-16. Lapho amahlumela ekhula kancane, atshalwa esitsheni esivamile;
• Ububanzi obulinganiswayo bomthamo ophelele wokudluliselwa kwezitshalo cishe buyi-9-11 cm. Inhlabathi evundile ithululelwa kuleli bhodwe bese izithombo zimbiwa zijule ngamasentimitha ayi-1,6. Imbewu ngayinye ibekwa kahle, ohlangothini olubanzi luye ezansi. Ngokwakhiwa kwepheshana lokuqala kuzithombo, kudluliselwa kwelinye isitsha esingafani nalo, ungakhohlwa ukufaka isikhonkwane - "isikhwama" emhlabathini.
• zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile (maphakathi nentwasahlobo) izithombo zidinga ukulungiswa kusengaphambili. Izinsuku eziyi-16 kuya kwezingu-22 ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zidinga ukuqiniswa, ngoba lokhu kubeka isitsha sobusuku ubusuku ku-loggia. Lokhu akufanele kwenziwe uma kusekhona ama-fridge ebusuku;
• ukukhula ngokushesha, izithombo zidala kakhulu, futhi lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu izakhiwo zabo zokuhlobisa. Ukwakha umqhele onezimbali futhi omangalisayo, amahlumela amancane kudingeka abancwebe;
• ukuze zikhulise izitshalo ezincane, kukhethwa isigaba sokona ilanga, njengoba kuvalwe ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka kokungakapheli, ngokwesibonelo, eduze kodonga lwendlu noma eduze kocingo. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga, i-kobe izokwazi ukubekezelela, kepha isithunzi esingaguquki ngeke senze ukuthi sikwazi ukubonisa i-liana bonke ubuhle bayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Ngokuqala kwehlobo, imigodi yokutshala, etholakala kude ne-80-100 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, igcwele inhlabathi ye-turf, i-peat ne-humus. Izithombo zibekwa lapha, ngaphandle kokususa inhlama yobumba. Ngenkathi izithombo ezibuthakathaka zingakaqali ukukhula, zidala ukusekelwa ngendlela yezikhonkwane. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, lapho amahlumela asevele eqinile, lesi sitshalo sizokwazi ukukhuphuka ukusekelwa okufakwe eduzane.

Izimo nokunakekelwa kwe-kobe ngemuva kokufakelwa endaweni evulekile

U-Liana ukhula ngenkuthalo futhi usebenzisa amandla akhe amaningi ukuze akhuphuke nengane yakhe - futhi kunengqondo impela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuningana futhi okuqhubekayo, kanye nenani lezakhamzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo kuba ofanele lapho izinsuku zasehlobo sezomile futhi zibhotile.. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingekile njalo ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi, ngemuva kokunisela umvini, amanzi awagxili emhlabathini, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwempande lwe-kobe luzohlushwa ukutheleleka kokungunda kokuhlaselwa yi-ubiquitous.

U-Kobeya ukhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha uqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ngemuva kokudonsa ngamasonto onke - kubalulekile ukuqala ukufaka umanyolo kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezithombo ezisencane ezinhlanyelweni emhlabathini ovaliwe. I-Bait idinga ukushintshwa:

• Okokuqala, bagcwala inhlabathi, lapho kukhula khona i-kobe, ngomanyolo we-organic;
• Bese ngezithasiselo zamaminerali.

Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula, lesi sitshalo sidinga i-nitrogen kakhulu nangaphambi kokuqhakaza (ekuqaleni kukaJulayi) - ku-phosphorus, potassium nezinye izinto eziwusizo zokulandela. Ukubheja kumele kususwe ngokucophelela: uma unika i-kobe inani eleqile le-nitrogen, khona-ke i-liana izokhipha amahlamvu ngentshiseko, ngenxa yalokhu, isikhathi sezimbali sizoncishiswa kakhulu. Iqiniso elihlukile: umhlabathi omuncu, ukhanya umbala obomvu wama-inflorescence wesitshalo; uma kukhona ulimu oluningi emhlabathini, khona-ke umbala wamacala aphakeme kakhulu uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Imibuthano yeTrunk Ground ngokuqinisekile mulch ngosizo lwesikhwebuli, i-peat noma enye into,okuyinto organic ukuze ukwazi ukulawula izinga umswakama.

Zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane zasengadini zithanda kakhulu i-kobei, kufaka phakathi izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nama-aphid, ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo kumele sihlolwe kaningi futhi siphathwe ngokuxosha izinambuzane, uma kunesidingo.

Ubusika uKobei

Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, umvini otshisayo ukhula ngezimo zethu njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, ikakhulukazi ngoba kulula kakhulu ukukhulisa umvini omuhle kusuka kwinani elincane lembewu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ezinye izakhamizi zasehlobo ziyakwazi ukugcina lesi sihlahla ebusika, ukuze kuthi lapho iqhwa lisuka entwasahlobo, sekuvele kube nomuntu omdala, isitshalo sonyaka odlule endaweni yasekhaya.

Lokhu empeleni kuyinselelo emvelweni uqobo: ukuhlela i-kobe ebusika futhi kungonakalisi kuyinto enzima impela, ngoba lesi sitshalo, okokuqala, sikhulu impela, futhi nomvini awuthuli kakhulu ngemuva kokufakelwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kunyakaziswa kwemizwelo kusizakala kuphela esitshalweni. Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisile, i-kobe, ebhekana nobusika, iqala ukuqhakaza ngaphambili futhi ikwenza ngentshiseko.

Ungasindisa kanjani i-kobe ebusika?

Ngokuqala kwekwindla, ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, wonke amaqabunga ayasuswa esihlahleni bese awubumba ngesineke. Into ebaluleke kakhulu hhayi ukulimaza izimpande - uhlelo lwezimpande, noma lukhulu impela, kepha lubuthaka kakhulu. Gcina isitshalo uqobo esitsheni, usibeka egumbini elipholile nelimnyama lokushisa okungenani i-9-11C. Isela lilungele kakhulu lokhu.

Ebusika, i-kobe isesimweni sokulala, futhi lesi sitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole umhlaba lapho izimpande zomvini zitholakala khona, zilawula izinga lawo elijwayelekile lomswakama. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo siyiswa endaweni efudumele futhi ekhanyayo., ekhulisa kancane isamba sokunisela i-creeper. Lesi sitshalo sibuyiselwa endaweni yaso yangaphambili e-infield ekuqaleni kwehlobo, lapho isithwathwa esikhohlisayo sesivele sisele emuva kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa nokutshala kobe, okwakwazi ukubekezelela ubusika, kuyafana nasezitshalweni zonyaka.

Ezitshalweni zesibeletho ezazikwazi ubusika, ukusikwa kuyanqunywa ukusakazwa kwezihlahla zehlathi. Lapho, ngemuva kobusika, izitshalo ziqala ukwakha amahlumela amasha ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa nelanga, okuqinile kwazo kulungiselelwe le njongo: zisikwa ngokucophelela ukuze zingonakalisi isitshalo se-uterine futhi zigcinwe esihlabathini esimanzi kuze kube yilapho amahlumela enza uhlelo lwazo lwezimpande . Izithombo ezincane zidluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile lapho isimo sezulu sijwayelekile.

Abatshali abebelokhu bekhula lo mvini wokukhuphuka isikhathi eside bakhuluma ngesici esisodwa esiyingqayizivele: i-kobe, engakhuliwa hhayi ngembewu, kodwa kusuka kokusika, iqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni, kepha hhayi ngokukhanya nangokuzimisela njengaleyo ekhulwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.

Ukukhula kobei ezingomeni zengadi

Ama-Florists athanda ukukhulisa ubuhle "obunobuhlakani" ngokuthokozela kwawo, ukubukeka kwawo okukhazimulayo nokukhula okukhulu kunoma iyiphi indawo lapho kungafinyelela khona i-liana kuphela. Nakhu ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-kobei ukuze uvuselele futhi uqinise izingadi zasekhaya:

• Uma ukhula i-kobe eduze kocingo, khona-ke lesi sitshalo siyithatha ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, sifihla indlu nesakhiwo ngamehlo enyama. Izinsimbi ezinkulu zalesi sitshalo uthango oluphezulu zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele.
• Ngosizo lwe-kobe ekhula ngokungathi sína, ungafihla kalula izindonga ezimbi nezintekenteke zezakhiwo zasendlini.
• Isitshalo esitshaliwe eduze kwe-gazebo eduze nehlangothini eliseningizimu lendlu ene-canopy eminyene sizokuzungeza ukusekela futhi sivimbe indlu emhlabeni ojikelezayo nodonga oluhlaza olucekeceke.
• Ukugqamiswa kwesifakelo kuzoba imbala ephilayo eluhlaza - yilokhu impela lo mvini, okubonakala sengathi awukwazi ukuzimela okwesibili, ukhula njalo!
• Ukuze kugcotshwe indawo yokuphumula ekhefini lasehlobo, i-kobe ibekwe esitsheni esitebile esinezinzizi ezinkulu bese sizibeka azungeze ingadi.
• Engadini enkulu yezimbali, i-kobe izokwenza inkampani enhle kakhulu ye-lobelia, i-petunia ne-verbena.
• Ngosizo lwamagatsha angasebenzi kahle futhi amade alesi sitshalo, ungahlukanisa kahle indawo ibe yizindawo ezihlukile.

Kubalimi abaningi, i-kobe iyimbali engathandeki yasekhaya. Kepha labo bantu abathathe isinqumo sokuhlakulela lesi sitshalo sezimbali futhi bakhe ukunakekelwa okuyiso, bazokwazi ukuthola isitshalo esihle kakhulu, esihlobisa ingadi yezimbali kuvulandi noma engadini.