Ukutshala imbewu ye-thyme yezithombo ekhaya Ukutshala nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekileI-Thyme (Thumus) isitshalo se-herbaceous esidala emndenini we-Iasnatkovye. Iziqu zifinyelela ukuphakama okungadluli kuma-35 cm, aqamba amanga noma akhuphuke, embozwe ngesikhumba esinsundu, angaba nesizungu phansi.
I-Thyme yakha imicamelo eminyene, lapho ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ihlatshwa izimbali eziningi ezincane. Imbali isuka kancane. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo, umthunzi wezimbali umhlophe, upinki, onsomi, izinhlobo ezi-hybrid zinesikimu sombala ocebile. Bakhipha iphunga elifudumele nelinephunga.
I-thyme iqhuma nini?
Isikhathi sezimbali ze-thyme sikhona ngoJuni-Julayi.
I-spice ye-thyme herb inamanye amagama amaningi. Okudume kakhulu yi-thyme (thyme), phakathi kokunye: i-chbark, i-chebark, i-swan, i-lemon darling, utshani be-Bogorodskaya, ihlathi likaphayini, impepho, kanye nokuklaba.
Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-400 ezingatholakala e-Eurasia, eMelika nase-Afrika. Izindawo zokukhula kukhona imiphetho yamahlathi, ama-steppes, amahlathi ephayini, izindawo ezinamadwala, i-tundra yezintaba.
Utshani obumnandi, obumboza umhlabathi ngekhaphethi ogelezayo, kudala udonsela ukunaka komuntu. Ezakhiweni zokwelapha (i-antibacterial, antiviral, antibacterial) thyme wabhala i-Teofast, Avicenna, Diosconite. AbaseGibhithe basebenzise i-thyme kumasiko, amaGrikhi abiza lesi sitshalo ngokuthi umoya wokuphila. AmaRoma asendulo abheka i-thyme njengophawu lobudoda, ebeka phakathi amandla okugcina amandla obudoda (i-potency). Ngokwesiko lamaSlavic, bekukholelwa ukuthi uma ushisa amahlumela we-thyme bese uhogela iphunga, kuzovuleka umhlaba wemimoya nonkulunkulu.
Isembozo seentyatyambo sihle kakhulu kangangokuba sikhulelwe ukuhlobisa. Indawo enhle kunazo zonke igquma le-alpine.
Ukukhulisa i-thyme thyme kusuka ezinhlamweni ukuthi Ungayitshala nini kuzithombo
I-thyme imbewu ye-thyme isithombe
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-thyme emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa entwasahlobo (cishe maphakathi noMeyi, lapho kusungulwa ukushisa) noma ebusika. Bamba isiza, qeda ukhula nodoti, usabalalise imbewu ebusweni bomhlaba, uvale ukuze kungabi ngaphezu kuka-1 cm.
I-Thyme kusuka ku-thyme seed photo amahlumela
Izithombo ezintekenteke zingakhipha ukhula. Inketho ethembeke kakhulu ukukhula izithombo ze-thyme
Hlwanyela i-thyme ngoMashi nangemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa izithombo zizobe zikulungele ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Thatha iziqukathi ezibanzi, gcwalisa ingxube ye-sand-peat (ngokulingana okulinganayo), yenza imifino, imbewu efinyelela ekujuleni okungadluli 1 cm, fafaza kusuka kufafaza elihle.
Izithombo ze-thyme thyme isithombe
- Mboza isitsha ngengilazi noma ngesithambisi se-oyili esobala ukudala ukufana kwendawo eluhlaza okotshani.
- Beka endaweni efudumele (okushisa komoya kungakapheli u-25-30 ° C) ngokukhanyisa okungafani.
- Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, okufakiwe kuzovela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7.
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuhluma, nika izitshalo nsuku zonke, ususe ukunambitheka bese ufafaza lapho umhlabathi womile.
- Lapho kufika amahlumela, susa indawo yokuhlala, amahlumela achuma.
- Ukunakekela izithombo kuqukethe ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela.
- Lapho izitshalo zikhula kancane, zitshalwa ezinkomishini ezinde kakhulu futhi zikhulele emhlabathini.
I-Thyme isabalalisa ngokuphelele ngokuzitshala, ikhulisa indawo yokukhula.
Ungakhula kanjani i-thyme noma i-thyme kusuka ezinhlanyelweni kuvidiyo yasekhaya:
I-Thyme Vegetative Propagation
Ukusakazwa kwe-thyme okusakazwayo kuhilela ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla kanye nezimpande zezitshalo ezisikiwe. Yenza zombili izinqubo entwasahlobo.
Ungahlukanisa izihlahla kaningi ngeminyaka emi-3. Bamba isitshalo, usakaze inhlabathi kuma-rhizomes, uhlukanise phansi engxenyeni ube izingxenye, usule izimpande ngokucophelela. I-Delenka ngayinye kufanele ibe nesistimu yezimpande eyakhekile kanye nezinhlamvu zokukhula. Imbewu emigodini yokutshala ehambelana nosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande. Amanzi kahle. Ukuze i-Delenki ikhule ngokushesha, hlinzeka ngokufaka isikhashana okwesikhashana.
Umsuka wokusika esitsheni sesihlabathi esimanzi. Mboza isitsha ngesikebhe ngefilimu noma ngengilazi. Futha inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile kusibhamu sokufafaza. Ukubamba imbala kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-15-20. Bese utshala endaweni engapheli yokukhula.
Indawo yaseKyme ekhulayo
U-Thyme uthanda ukushisa nelanga - sitshalole ezindaweni ezinelanga elinokuvikelwa kokubhaliwe. Mhlawumbe umthunzi omncane, esithunzini esinamandla, iziqu zeluliwe, ukuqhakaza kuyabonakala.
Inhlabathi idinga ukukhululeka, kukhishwe kahle, kuvundise ngokulingana, kungathathi hlangothi noma i-alkali ngokusabela. Lapho ukhule enhlabathini enobumba obunzima, izihlahla zizovuselela. Indlela yokuphuma kwalesi simo ukwethulwa kwe-humus, isihlabathi esimile okwenziwe ngokumba, ukugoqa ingaphezulu lomhlabathi ngamatshe amatshe.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
I-Thyme izithombo ze-thyme isilungele ukutshala isithombe
Ake sibheke kabanzi imininingwane yokutshala izithombo, i-Delenki nezitshalo ezakhiwe kusuka kuzinhlamvu:
- Kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela yokudlulisela.
- Yenza umgodi wokufika osayizi ongakanani kuze kube yilapho ungqimba lwamanzi esihlabathi esimahhophi lube ngu-5 cm obukhulu kanye nesithombo kanye nocezu lobumba okwanele ezansi.
- Uma inhlabathi isiphelile, engeza i-humus ne-bone ekudleni emgodini wokutshala.
- Mboza ama-voids ngomhlaba, uthele kahle, uthele.
- Intamo yezimpande kufanele igcwale nangaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
Thyme on the windowsill
I-Thyme ingatshalwa ngaphakathi endlini, ikhiqizwe ngembewu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Esigabeni sokuvela kwamaqabunga angempela angama-2-3, atshale ezitsheni ezihlukile, lapho kufanele kubekwe khona amahlumela ama-3-4.
Gcina izitshalo emawindini aseningizimu noma asempumalanga lapho kuzoba khona ukushisa okwanele nokukhanya. Nikeza ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela; entwasahlobo nasehlobo, yikhiphe ku-loggia noma kuvulandi.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-thyme engadini
I-Thyme ezweni elikhulayo nokunakekela isithombe
I-Thyme ayithembeki ekunakekelweni kwayo: kuyadingeka ukunisela ngezikhathi ezithile, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukhula kanye nokufaka umanyolo.
Ungaphuzisa kanjani
Ukunisela, ukunamathela ngokulinganisa, i-thyme ethambile izolimala. Isitshalo kungenzeka saneliswe ukuna kwezulu. Qiniseka ukuthi unisela ngesomiso isikhathi eside nangaphambi kokuqhakaza. Uma lina isikhathi eside, yenza imifino yokudonsa amanzi, i-mulch endaweni yempande ngamatshe ayigugu.
Ukutshala kwenhlabathi nokugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela komoya-mpilo ohlelweni lwezimpande, kukhulula inhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela nemvula. Ukhula njalo kusuka kukhula, ikakhulukazi izitshalo ezisencane.
Uma uvundise isiza ngaphambi kokutshala, lokhu kwanele isikhathi sokuqala sesikhathi sokukhula. Kusuka ngonyaka olandelayo, fakela umanyolo wamaminerali eziyinkimbinkimbi: zisebenza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kokuqhakaza.
Izihlahla
Ukuze isihlahla sikhule siminyene, sibumbene, kuyadingeka ukuncipha. Entwasahlobo, usike amahlumela abuthakathaka, agulayo, aqandisiwe, ngemuva kokuqhakaza, acishe ihlathi. Uma unganciphi ehlathini, ziyohlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya nokukhanya: amahlumela azoqala ukwelula, amahlumela angaqina. Ukuvalwa kwesihlahla kuqukethe ukunciphisa amahlumela ngo-2/3 wobude (engxenyeni enesithako).
I-thyme yasebusika ebusika isesifundeni saseMoscow kanye nomzila ophakathi nendawo
Isitshalo sibusika kahle emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphandle kokukhosela. Ngisho amahlumela aqandisiwe "angasuka."
Ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kwe-thyme
Ngezinhloso zokwelapha neze-Culinary, kusetshenziswa utshani be-thyme (amahlumela anamaqabunga). Basikwa ngenkathi yezimbali. Njengoba iziqu zimfushane, akulula ukuthi uziqoqe ngamaqhubu ukuze uzomise. Beka iziqu ungqimba oluncanyana ephepheni noma ngendwangu, yomile endaweni ene-shaded enomoya omncane, hlanganisa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kokumiswa, ukubhula, ukuhlanza, ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezinesizungu esikhulu seneziqu - azilungele ukusetshenziswa. Gcina izinto ezingavuthiwe ezitsheni ezivalelwe kahle; ishelufu leminyaka emibili.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-thyme thyme ngezithombe namagama
I-thyme evamile i-Thymus vulgaris
Isithombe se-Thmeus evamile seThymus vulgaris
Kutholakala endaweni yemvelo eSpain naseningizimu yeFrance, lapho kutshalwa khona futhi. Iziqu ezingaba ngu-15 cm ukuphakama zimbozwe kakhulu ngamaqabunga amancane anemibala eluhlaza okotshani, amaqabunga anamaqabunga angama-pubescent, aneziphetho ezisongekile. Izimbali ezinsomi onsomi.
Izinhlobo:
Umbala wesithombe se-Thyme Argenteus i-Thymus vulgaris 'Argenteus'
I-Alba - ine-inflorescence emhlophe qhwa;
I-Elfin iyinhlobonhlobo emfishane enokuphakama kokudubula okungu-5-7 cm, ububanzi bomcamelo onephunga lingu-15 cm;
Ama-Splendans - abonakala ngama-inflorescence e-hue ebomvu ngokweqile.
Isilo se-thyme Thymus serpyllum
Isithombe se-Thmeus isilwanyana sasilo se-Thymus serpyllum
Imvelaphi yaseMedithera, yasakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu (ukusuka eGreece kuye eSweden). E-Russia, le nhlobo yabizwa ngokuthi i-Bogorodskaya utshani. Yaziwa iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2000, kusiko kusukela ngekhulu le-16. Amahlamvu wesikhumba. Isikimu sombala sipinki futhi sinsomi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinemibala yamaqabunga ahlukahlukene kanye ne-gamut enemibala ebanzi yama-inflorescence (amhlophe, apinki, ama-carmine shades) athuthukiswa.
I-thyme elimnandi noma iphunga le-Thymus x citriodorus
I-thyme elimnandi noma iphunga le-Thymus x citriodorus
Emvelweni wemvelo, lesi sitshalo sitholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile zaseningizimu yeFrance. Ama-inflorescences ane-pink hue. Amaqabunga amancane akhula aphuzi, ajike abe luhlaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abe nephunga le-tart-spice kalamula. I-thyme enephunga le-leemon idinga ukugawulwa okujwayelekile, iyasaba amakhaza - indawo yokuhlala iyadingeka ebusika. Izinhlobo eziningi zakhiwe; cabanga okuhle kakhulu kuzo:
ISilo Queen - iziqu zingaba ngu-20 cm ukuphakama, amapheshana anemigqa omhlophe;
UGolden Duarf, uBertram Anderson - amapuleti amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo eziphuzi.
IDonna Valley - isiqu sikhula sibe yi-8 cm ubude, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani anamabala aphuzi.
I-Thymus flea Thymus pulegioides
I-Thyme flea Thymus pulegioides isithombe
Isihlahla esimfishane esiminyene ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza simbozwe ngokuqinile ngama-inflorescence apinki.
I-Thymus doerfleri thyme
Thymus Dorflera Thymus doerfleri isithombe
Lesi sitshalo sidabuka emaBalkan. Muhle kakhulu: amaqabunga agobile, embozwe yi-whesish pubescence - kubonakala sengathi ayaqhuma emoyeni. Izimbali zinombala onsomi opinki.
I-Thyme subarctic Thymus subarcticus
Isithombe se-Thyme subarctic Thymus subarcticus
Kusatshalaliswa esifundeni sehlathi saseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ikhula nge-turf, isiqu iqonde, imbozwe ngama-inflorescence ama-lilac hue. I-silvery pubescence inika isithasiselo esingeziwe kumaqabunga nezimbali.
I-Thyme mapema Thymus praecox
Isithombe se-Thyme mapema Thymus praecox
Kwaba yisisekelo sokudalwa kwezinhlobo ezitshaliwe. Zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni komhlaba.
Encane - izihlahlana ezingaphansi zingafaniswa nesikhuhlu sezinwele esenziwe ngotshani, ngoba i-pubescence iminyene kakhulu. Izimbali azilingani, kepha sibonga lolu luhlaza oluhlaza lwamacembe neziqu, lesi sihlahla siba indawo ekhanyayo yombhede wezimbali ezincane, i-rockery, ingadi enamadwala, igquma le-alpine.
I-Pseudolanuginosus - amaqabunga amancane, a-fluffy. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okuluhlaza okotshani kucishe kufihlwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwesembozo sezimbali ze-lilac.
Izici eziwusizo ze-thyme
Ezikhathini zasendulo, i-thyme yayihlonishwa njengomuthi womlingo ongalapheki kuphela, kepha ubuyisele impilo. Isitshalo sineqoqo lezakhi eziwusizo: ama-acid (ikhofi, i-quinic, i-oleic, i-oleanolic, i-ursulic), i-flavonoid, i-thymol, amaminerali, i-vithamini C, i-gum, njll. Ngenxa yalokhu, amalungiselelo alungiselelwe ngesisekelo sesitshalo ane-antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal effect.
I-decoction noma i-ointment kuju isetshenziselwa ukukhwehlela ukulindelwa kanye nomphumela wokuthoba. Amathiphu kanye ne-infusions asiza ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme, aphathe izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, futhi aqinise nokuzivikela ngokubanzi.
Amanzi okugeza we-Thyme anconyelwa izifo zamalunga, izicubu zomzimba, i-rheumatism, i-radiculitis, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. Izingxube ezisuselwa ku-thyme uwoyela obalulekile zisetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yangaphandle yokuhlikihla. I-Thyme i-aphrodisiac enamandla.
Futhi, uwoyela obalulekile usetshenziswa embonini yezimonyo (njengesiqholo sezindebe zezindebe, insipho, okhilimu, amazinyo) kanye nakwezemithi.
Njengesinongo, i-thyme yaziswa kakhulu ekudleni okuningi komhlaba. EFrance, i-thyme iyingxenye ebalulekile yamakhambi weProvence nesixhaxha sikaGarni; eNgilandi ngokuthandwa endaweni yesibili ngemuva kwe-peppermint; eGreece naseSpain - okuyingxenye ebalulekile ye-marinade yeminqumo; emazweni aseCentral Europe - isifiso sakho sokosa izitsha ezithosiwe, nesobho ngethanga noma ubhontshisi kuzonikeza ukuthinta okungafani; I-thyme iyaziwa futhi e-cuisine yesi-Arabhu, nayo yaziwa eJamaica.
I-mandimu ye-lemon izonikeza ukunambitheka okubucayi ikakhulukazi kwezinhlanzi. I-Thyme (kungcono ukusebenzisa izimbali) kanye ne-mint - i-duet enhle yetiye elimnandi nelinempilo.
