Ama-sitrobheli asuswayo, noma, njengoba ibizwa ngokufanelekile, i-sitrobheli remontanas, atholakala kakhulu kwiziza zasengadini hhayi kuphela ngama-amateurs, kodwa futhi nochwepheshe. Kwesinye isikhathi kuhlala izindawo ezinabile, futhi abanikazi banelisekile ngalokhu kuphila. Kodwa-ke, kuyamangaza ukuthi kuze kube namuhla, abantu abaningi banemibuzo ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-sitrobheli engadini, sengathi lesi simangaliso phesheya salethwa ezweni lethu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule.
Ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla sitrobheli esilungisa.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-remontant engadini e-sitrobheli ne-sitrobheli ejwayelekile ukukwazi kwayo ukuqhakaza futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kukhiqize izithelo kabili ngesizini, ngaphandle kwekhefu. Ingxenyenamba encane yezitshalo, njengama-raspberries nezithelo ezimbalwa zamawolintshi, ezinekhono elinjalo.
Ingadi yama-sitrobheli enhlobonhlobo yokulungisa ingatshala izimbali ezingaphansi kwezimo zasemini (isibonelo, i-Garland growar) noma ezimeni zasemini ezingathathi hlangothi (ngokwesibonelo, Wonder of the World ukuhlukahluka). Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinhlobo ezinamandla okutshala izimbali ezingaphansi kwezimo ezinde zasemini zinika cishe ama-40% esivuno sawo ngoJulayi aze afike ku-60% wesivuno ngo-Agasti.
Ingadi ye-sitrobheli engaphenduki, ekwazi ukubeka imbali efihlekile ngosuku olungathathi hlangothi, ukuqhakaza futhi ithela izithelo kuyo yonke leyo nkathi efudumele, kancane kancane inikeze isivuno sayo. Njengoba kunikezwe ukugqabhuka okukhulu nezinye zezitshalo, izinhlwathi zama sitrobheli ezikhumbuzayo ezithwala kabili ngonyaka nazo kudingeka zishintshwe kanye ngeminyaka emithathu, kanye nalezo ezithwala sonke isikhathi esifudumele - kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, isikhathi ngasinye siguqula indawo yendawo.
Kwezinto zethu, sizozama ukukunikeza okucashile okufihlekile kokunakekela ama-sitrobheni asengadini ejwayelekile.
Indlela yokunakekela engadini sitrobheli remontant?
Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ze-sitrobheli remontant azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-moody, zonke azithobeki neze, kepha kukhona okusaqaphile ekunakekelweni. Isibonelo, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi izinhlobo zesimanje ezinkulu ezinezithelo zama-sitrobheni ezikhumbuzayo zingakha amajikijolo anesisindo kusuka kumagremu angama-65 kuye kwangama-90 noma ngaphezulu. Njengokulindelekile, lokhu kuzoholela ngezinga eliphakeme lokuncipha kwenhlabathi okusheshayo kanye nesidingo somanyolo owengeziwe. Mhlawumbe yingakho abalimi abambalwa, ngokungafani nombono ojwayelekile, belulekwa ukuba basuse iziqu zokuqala zentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, isivuno sesibili sama-sitrobheli wokulungisa, okokuqala, sizoba ngaphambi kakhulu kosuku olufanele, ngakho-ke, izitshalo zizolungiselela ubusika futhi ngaphandle kokungenela komuntu. Okwesibili, amajikijolo azoba acwebile futhi abe makhulu. Kwesinye isikhathi, isiyonke, isivuno esiphelele ngemuva kokwamukela okulula kanjalo sidlula izilimo ezimbili eziphelele noma yonke inkathi yonyaka - yokulungiswa kwezinhlobo zohlobo oluhlukile.
Ukunakekelwa kwengadi ye-sitrobheli remontana kufaka izigaba zokuphoqelela ngokuqinile - lokhu kuthambisa okungabalulekile (izitshalo kufanele zinikezwe ngomswakama omningi), umanyolo (konke kuhle ngokulingana, kepha izitshalo akufanele zihlupheke ngenxa yokuntuleka kwento eyodwa noma enye), zikhulula umhlabathi (emva kwalowo nalowo ukuchelela nemvula ukugwema ukwakheka kokuqhekeka kwenhlabathi lapho kuphithizela umoya namanzi kuphazamiseka), ukufaka imibhede (emva kokunisela ngakunye, ngoba kuvimbela ukukhula kokhula kanye nokwakheka kokuqothuka kwenhlabathi), ukulawula ukhula (ikakhulukazi utshani bukakolweni obubi kakhulu ophikisanayo osele wezilimo), ukubhujiswa kwezinambuzane nezifo (lapho kuqala izigaba zokubonakaliswa), izihlahla zehlahla (inqubo ethile yama-sitrobheli ohlobo lokulungisa) futhi, ekugcineni, ukulungiselela ubusika (isigaba esibalulekile empilweni se-sitrobheli sokulungisa).
Kubalulekile! Abalimi abaye badlula emlilweni nasemanzini batusa ngokuqinisekile ukubopha imibhede ngama-sitrobheli avele kahle, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande zalesi sitshalo se-berry, ngokungafani nama-sitrobheli ajwayelekile, luphakeme kanti nezitshalo zivame ukuhlushwa ukuntuleka komswakama Ukuze wonge amanzi wokunisela udinga ukusebenzisa i-mulch cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokunisela (futhi kungcono ukuhambisa ngamanzi ngokushisa kwasekamelweni kusihlwa). Njengoba semboza ngabo izigaxa mulch kungaba izinaliti ngesiyaluyalu, sawdust, utshani, humus, hay, utshani obujwayelekile bokugunda. Ngokungeziwe ekuvikelweni ekulahlekelweni ngumswakama, le mulch izovikela namajikijolo ekuqhekekeni kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi semvula nokunisela futhi kuvimbele ukukhula kokhula (ungakhohlwa ngabo!).
Nakekela i-sitrobheli.
Ukunisela sitrobheli eziwumbala
Ukulungisa izinhlobo zama-sitrobheli wasengadini kudinga ukuniselwa kaningi kunama-sitrobheli ejwayelekile engadini, ikakhulukazi ezikhathini ezomile zonyaka. Masinyane ngemuva kokudlulisa izithombo, izitshalo zidinga ukuniselwa nsuku zonke, bese kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha, ukuthambisa kungenziwa njalo ngolunye usuku, futhi ekugcineni kuzoba nokunisela okwanele amahlandla ambalwa ngenyanga.
Ngokunisela sitrobheli, kungenzeka kuphela ukusebenzisa amanzi afudumele emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, uma amanzi emvula eqoqwe emgqonyeni wepende omnyama. Ungakwazi ukunisela okutshale kuzo zombili izingxoxo zasekuseni nakusihlwa. Lapho unisela, zama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi endaweni lapho kukhula khona sitrobheli iyanyiswa kusuka kumasentimitha amabili kuya kwamathathu ngasikhathi.
Ngokuqondene ne-mulch ye-sitrobheli yokulungisa, lapho-ke, njengoba sibhale ngaphezulu, kuyadingeka, kepha akudingekile ukumboza inhlabathi nge-mulch ngokushesha ngemuva kokunisela, kungenziwa ngosuku olulandelayo. Esikhundleni se-mulch, uma, ngokwesibonelo, lina kuphela, inhlabathi esemakhondweni ingadedelwa ngokucophelela. Kepha khumbula: kubaluleke kakhulu ukungalimazi izimpande, okuthi, njengoba sesibhale, zitholakala eduze komhlabathi kunama-sitrobheli ajwayelekile. Into esemqoka lapho kufakwa umolching noma ukukhulula ukugwema ukuqothuka kwenhlabathi, ukuze umoya ukwazi ukungena ngokukhululeka ungene ezimpandeni.
Uma imvula ingekho isikhathi eside bese umhlabathi womile, ungaphula yonke imithetho yokunisela bese uthambisa inhlabathi cishe nsuku zonke, ungavumeli inhlabathi ukuba yome kakhulu, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma inhlabathi isivele yomile impela, ngokwesibonelo, endlini yezwe lapho ubuye khona izinsuku eziningana, okokuqala ngqa uyokhulula umhlabathi, bese uyawunisela, kepha ungenzi okuphambene nalokho. Ukuchelela kaningi kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlotsheni zemini ezingathathi hlangothi zemini; kungani, ngicabanga ukuthi asikho isidingo sokuchaza. Izinhlobo ezifanayo zidinga ukhula obuye njalo futhi ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwemvula nokususwa kwamaqabunga afayo aphenduka abomvu.
Umanyolo we sitrobheli zokulungisa
Kucace bha ukuthi i-sitrobheli yokulungisa ingadi incishisiwe kakhulu futhi idinga ukondliwa okufanele. Ama-sitrobheli asengadini asekulungiswa kakhulu asebenzisa izakhi ezinjenge-nitrogen ne-potassium evela emhlabathini. Kepha idinga i-phosphorus, kepha ngezinga elincane. Unalokhu engqondweni, phosphorus ingondliwa kanye kuphela, ukwethula imithamo ye-superphosphate (15-20 g ngemitha yesikwele) kuphela lapho ukutshala ukutshala okulungiselelwe sitrobheli.
Isikimu esilinganiselwe sokugqoka sokulungisa ama-sitrobheni silandelayo:
Imvamisa, ukugqokwa kokuqala kokuphezulu kwama-sitrobheli okulungiswa kwenziwa eminyakeni eyishumi yesithathu kaMeyi, ngalesi sikhathi basebenzisa i-urea, ukwakheka kubuthakathaka kakhulu - igramu eyodwa noma ezimbili (uma inhlabathi ingekho kahle, ngebhakede lamanzi), lokhu kuvamile ngemitha yesikwele yenhlabathi. Cishe engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni, lapho izimbali zemifino yezithelo eseziphindaphindekile seziqala ukwakhiwa, i-mullein ingafakwa (1: 10 - ngenani le-0,5 l ngemitha yesikwere noma ukuphonswa kwezinyoni 1: 15 - ngenani lamalitha angama-0,3 nge-skwele ngalinye). Kanye nomanyolo we-organic, kwamukeleka ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa ukugqokwa okuphezulu okwenziwe ngamaminerali aphezulu, njengeMortar Kristallin noma iKemira Lux.
Ngokuvamile, kahle, isizini yonke kufanele yelulwe ukuze kube nomanyolo cishe ayishumi, ehlangana nalomanyolo.
Inketho yesibili yokugqoka phezulu kwama-sitrobheli wokulungisa yilapho ekuqaleni kukaJuni izitshalo zinikezwa hhayi kuphela nge-10 slutry slated kanye nezikhathi eziyi-15 ngokudonselana kwezinyoni, kodwa futhi nokufakwa kwe-1% urea (1 g ngebhakede lamanzi), lokhu kuhlanganiswa konke kumele ichithwe kumhlaba wamamitha-2 - 3 omhlaba.
Umanyolo we sitrobheli zokulungisa.
Izifo zama-sitrobheli asabekayo
Ukubola okumpunga
Ingadi ebolile ihlala ihlaselwa nge-grey bola. Izibonakalisa ngamandla emasimini agqinsiwe, lapho inhlabathi ingadedelwa khona futhi ukuthambisa kaningi kwenziwa, ikakhulukazi ngokufafaza namanzi abandayo. Zonke izitho zomzimba ezingaphezulu kwesitshalo zingashaya grey bola, okuzoholela ekulahlekelweni okungafika ku-85% wesilimo esiphelele. Ukuze uvikele ukuvela kokubola okungwevu ku-sitrobheli, kuyadingeka ukutshala kule ndawo ngokuhambisana nobungqabavu bamandla okukhula nokukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo ezithile, imboza inhlabathi, kanye nokwanele, kepha hhayi ukunisela ngokweqile. Esibonelweni sokuqala sokutheleleka, izingxenye ezithintekayo zezitshalo kufanele zisuswe.
Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ungaphatha izitshalo ekuqaleni kwesizini ekhulayo ngo-2.0% Bordeaux uketshezi, futhi ngemuva kokuvuna ekugcineni kwenkathi yokukhula ukulungisa umphumela - 1% isixazululo sesibabule se-colloidal.
Kukhona ama-fungicides okulwa nalesi sifo, kepha ungasisebenzisa esivunyelwe kuphela, ngokuhambisana nemiyalo efakiwe, isibonelo, Strobi, Shintsha, Euparen, Triadimefon (Bayleton), Kaptan. Okuphephe kakhulu kusuka kuhlu olunconyiwe ngumkhiqizo we-biir Alirin-B.
Ibala elinsundu
Kuyabonakala lapho, njengasekuqaleni, ama-sitrobheli emacembe aqine, umswakama omningi kakhulu, futhi amazinga okushisa asemini nasebusuku agxuma ngokusobala. Njenge-prophylaxis entwasahlobo, susa wonke amaqabunga omile ukuze ukutheleleka "kungahlali" phezu kwabo futhi uphathe nge-2% Bordeaux fluid. Ungakhohlwa nge-mulching, okungeke kuvumele isikhunta ukuthi sifinyelele phezulu.
Uma lesi sifo sisebenza kakhulu, sebenzisa ama-fungicides avumelekile, ulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo esephaketheni, isibonelo, Skor, Strobi, Fundazol.
I-Powdery hlobo
Isibonakaliso sokuqala kokuqala kwalesi sifo umbala we-violet wamaqabunga e-sitrobheli, bese ancipha bese eba-ashen-grey, njengokungathi afafazwe ngofulawa wakudala. Uma ungafuni ukuthi lesi sifo sikuvakashele, khona-ke ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo phatha izitshalo ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka (esimbala wepinki) se-potassium permanganate noma i-1% colfuridal sulfure.
Kukhona ama-fungicides, kepha sebenzisa kuphela lawo avumelekile futhi ngokuya ngemiyalo efakiwe, isibonelo, iTopazi, iFundazol, iTitch, Strobi neFitosporin-M.
Umbala onsundu ngamaqabunga e-sitrobheli.
I-Powdery isikhutha kumaqabunga e-sitrobheli.
Izinambuzane zeStrawberry ezisuswayo
Izilokazane zokuqala zama-fontrontontont remontant uqobo endaweni yangakithi anama-slgs. Ngibaqeqe ngokutshala ugarlic phakathi kwemigqa: ngokweqiniso, angikaze ngibone i-slug eyodwa.
I-Strawberry mite
Kubhekwa inkathazo eyingozi kakhulu yama-sitrobheli: uma ilimaza amaqabunga amancane, lapho-ke agxilile ayasebenza futhi aphuzi aphuzi. Isitshalo ngokwaso sithintelwe kakhulu ekukhuleni. I -ickick ingatheleleka kusuka engxenyeni yonke iye emasimini wonke, futhi ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ingaholela ekufeni kwayo.
Isixazululo esingu-3% wesibabule se-colloidal sisiza ukunqoba umkhaza, kuphela singasetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nangemva kokuvuna. Yebo, futhi kunjalo, zonke izinhlobo zama-acaricides ezivunyelwe.
Strawberry Nematode
Imvamisa, uma sitrobheli sitheleleke nge-nematode, khona-ke amaqabunga awo awonakalisiwe futhi agobekile. Isici esibonakalayo singabonakala kuma-petioles: baba zintekenteke kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi futhi bavele baphuke nomoya. Ukuqhamukela ezitshalweni ezinjalo kungaba buthakathaka noma akukho ndawo ngokuphelele. I-nematode ibhekwa njengesibambiso esiyingqayizivele, uma ikhona esizeni, izitshalo zingaphansi kokususwa kanye nokushiswa ngokushesha.
Isikhala sesicabucabu
Imvamisa, amaqabunga e-sitrobheli ayavilapha, futhi uma ephendulwa, bese kubonakala iminonjana yemisebenzi ebalulekile yama-mite - iwebhu yesigcawu. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga amaqabunga aba ophuzi futhi omile ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Abalimi babhala ukuthi iKarbofos isiza kakhulu ekulweni nesicabucabu. Ngemuva kokuvuna, bacubungula izitshalo bese bezimboza nge-foil izinsuku eziningana.
Izimpawu zomonakalo we-sitrobheli nge-sitrobheli, noma i-cyclamen mite.
Izitshalo ze-sitrobheli ezifile zithintwe yi-sitode sitrobheli.
I-Strawberry eshaywe yisibungu sesicabucabu.
Ukuthena ama-sitrobheli asabekayo
Ukunakekela izihlahla zama-sitrobheli asabekayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kubandakanya ukufaka izihlahla. Ngokuvamile izihlahla zokuthena ngokwanele ukwenza kanye ngonyaka - kungaba entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.
Uma uhlala esifundeni esibandayo lapho sitrobheli esijabulisayo sidinga khona ukukhosela, lapho kufanele kwenziwe izihlahla ekwindla. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandelayo: emva kokuvunwa kokugcina kwesivuno sonke, amahlamvu aphansi asusiwe esihlahleni, azama ukungathinti amabala amaqabunga aphezulu, ngoba kungokona kwawo lapho kubekelwa khona izithelo, lapho izithelo zizokwakhiwa khona ngesizini ezayo.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi amajikijolo angakhiwa kumadevu futhi i-horticulturist ayihleeli ukusakaza sitrobheli engadini ngale ndlela, khona-ke ukususwa kwamadevu kudingekile.
Khumbula nokho-ke lo mthetho: ngemuva kokuqalwa kwesihlahla sokuqala se-sitrobheli se-remontant engadini, amadevu ngokuvamile awasuswa, kepha amaqabunga aqala ukoma, enze amabala noma afihle amaqabunga athuthukile futhi anempilo, kufanele asuswe. Ukususa la makhasi kungenziwa ekwindla, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvunwa, lapho amahlamvu eqala ukusoma kancane.
Uma ungumhlali esifundeni esibandayo, khona-ke thatha isikhathi sakho bese udlulisela lo msebenzi entwasahlobo, susa amaqabunga anjalo ngemuva kokuthi ikhava leqhwa selinyamalale ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Iningi alinaki ukuthenwa kwamaqabunga afile kanye namadevu wesitrobheli se-remontant engadini, kepha ukususwa kwawo kufana nesihlangu esivikela izitshalo kuma-pathogens, ngoba kungamahlamvu agulayo, amadala lapho ukutheleleka kubuna.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Autumn nokulungiselela ubusika
Izitshalo zama-sitrobheli ezikhumbuzayo ngosuku olude elinelanga ngokuvamile azivuthi ngokugcwele lapho kuphela isizini, ikakhulukazi uma zingakhuli endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Ngokunikezwe lokhu, akuyona ingxenye yesilimo kuphela elahlekile, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izitshalo ezingenaso isikhathi sokujwayela ukubanda nesithwathwa nazo ziyahlupheka. Inketho enhle yokusindisa izitshalo ezinjalo ukumboza ngotshani obusha obungu-5-8 cm, namagatsha e-spruce spruce ngaphezulu, okuzogcina utshani bungabibikho kuyo yonke indawo.
Ingadi ye-sitrobheli engaphenduki.
Isifinyezo
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukutshalwa kokulungisa ama-sitrobheli akunikezi obunye ubunzima futhi nesiqalo sizokwazi ukubhekana nalolu daba, ingasaphathwa eyingcweti.
Ungakhohlwa, noma kunjalo, noma sesibhale ngalokhu, amasimu kufanele abe nesikhathi sokuphila esingekho ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu, emva kwalokho ukutshala kufanele kuvuselelwe.
