Imbali ye-Hellebore ingeyomndeni wama-perennials we-herbaceous weqembu Ranunculaceae, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kusuka ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-15 kuye kwezingu-21, ezikhula ezindaweni ezinentaba ezinomthunzi eYurophu. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinhlobo ze-hellebore lisesithombeni saseBalkan.
I-Moroznik: isithombe nencazelo yezimbali
I-hellebore ende ingafinyelela ku-21-55 cm. Isitshalo sinobukhulu obukhulu futhi obufushane, isiqu esinobuthakathaka futhi esilula. Amaqabunga anemisuka emide, enesikhumba, eyisisekelo, eyeki noma eyethambile isuswe. Izimbali ezimise indebe kwifomu ende ye-peduncle esiqongweni sesiqu kusuka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya maphakathi nehlobo.
Lokho abaningi abathatha ngezinsimbi zezimbali empeleni kungamatshe ayimfihlo, futhi amacembe aseshintshiwe aba umpe. I-gamut yezimbali ze-hellebore ifaka imibala eminingana emhlophe, ephuzi ethambile, epinki, oyinki, onsomi, onsomi, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemisindo. Ukwakheka kwezimbali kungamabala futhi kulula.
Ukuqhakaza kokuqala kwesihlahla kwenza kube yisitshalo esithandekayo nesilindelwe isikhathi eside kubalimi abaningi abathi ngemuva kobusika obungenamibala nobude obude, bayajabula ukubuka ukuthi ama-muscari, ama-hyacinths, ama-blueberries, izihlahla zasentwasahlobo, izingwenya futhi, empeleni, ama-hellebores avela engadini. Ngaphezu kwezimbali zakuqala, lesi sitshalo sinezinzuzo zokuhle isomiso nobusika ubulukhuni. Kepha kulabo abafuna ukutshala i-hellebore escebeni kuneso sixwayiso esisodwa: njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo se-buttercup, sinoshevu kakhulu!
IMoroznik: Ukutshala nokunakekela izimbali
Ukutshala kwe-Hellebore
Kwenye indawo, lesi sitshalo besikhule cishe iminyaka eyi-8, futhi njengoba i-hellebore ingakubekezeleli ukufakelwa kahle, kubalulekile ukusondela ekukhetheni kwendawo yokutshala imbali kakhulu. IHellebore iba ngcono kakhulu enhlabathini ebunjiwe, enomswakama enamanzi ukungathathi hlangothi emthunzini oyingxenye, phakathi kwezihlahla namakati. I-hellebore ibukeka kakhulu lapho utshala ngamaqembu amancane - isiqhingi esikhanyayo ngemuva kwengadi ebuthuntu noma iqhwa. Ukutshala iHellebore kwenzeka ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Ephreli.
Amapayipi okutshala enziwe ngosayizi we-35x35x35 ngebanga elingama-40 cm phakathi kwezihlahla. Uhafu womgodi ugcwele umquba. Ngemuva, lapho wehlise impande emgodini, ubambe kahle imbali ngesandla esisodwa, esesibili sigcwalise umgodi ngenhlabathi, inqama namanzi. Kwaphela inyanga, ngemuva kokutshala, isitshalo sidinga ukuthambisa kaningi.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Hellebore
Ukunakekela lesi sitshalo kulula impela: entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali, kubalulekile ukususa wonke amaqabunga amadala ukuze kuvikeleke izimbali namaqabunga amancane esihlahla ngokutheleleka ngesikhunta. Amaqabunga amasha avela esihlahleni kuphela ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Lapho izimbali ziphela, mulch umhlabathi eduze nesitshalo Umquba noma umdaka obolile. Ehlobo, i-hellebore idinga ukukhululwa, ukhula kanye nokunisela okungapheli, kanye nesheyidi ngomanyolo wamaminerali nokudla kwamathambo kabili ngesizini.
Ukuzala
Isitshalo sisatshalaliswa zombili ngokuvelayo nangokukhiqiza, yize, njengommiselo, kusetshenziswa imbewu ehlukahlukene yokuzala. Imbewu yezitshalo ihlwanyelwa izithombo ngokushesha nje kokuvuthwa nokuvunwa - kaningi lokhu kwenzeka maphakathi nehlobo - kuya ekujuleni okungama-2 cm enhlabathini enomswakama, enomswakama. Amashothi, njengomthetho, avele ngo-Ephreli ngonyaka olandelayo.
Lapho izithombo zikhula futhi zakha amabanga ambalwa amaqabunga, izitshalo zingena embhedeni wezimbali, etholakala emthunzini oyingxenye, futhi ikhule kuyo eminye iminyaka engu-2-3. Lesi sihlahla esivela ezinhlanyelweni siyoqhakaza kuphela emva kweminyaka emithathu, lapho iHelllebore ikhula endaweni engapheli yokulima, lapho kufanele itshalwe ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Ephreli. Lolu hlobo lwezimbali, njenge-smle hellebore, lisakazeka ngokuzimela.
Ungasabalalisa isitshalo ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ngentwasahlobo, lapho insimbi yomzimba inqamuka, lesi sitshalo esineminyaka emihlanu sikhishwa emhlabathini, isiqu saso sesihlahlulwa saba yizingxenye ezimbalwa, izigaba zifakwa ngamalahle aqhekekile bese zitshaleka emigodini ebilungiselelwe ngaphambili. Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla entwasahlobo, kusatshalaliswa i-hellebore emnyama, futhi ekwindla kungcono ukuhlukanisa isihlahla se-hellebore yasempumalanga.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
IFreezer ingalimala gastropods - iminenke kanye nama-slugs adla ngokuzungeza amaqabunga awo, kanye namacimbi ama-hop hoppers, amagundane kanye nama-aphid. Imisipha neminenke kuqoqwa ngesandla, amagundane asuswa ngamabhegi anobuthi asatshalaliswa ezindaweni zokubonakala kwawo, futhi kusetshenziswa izinambuzane ezimelana nezinambuzane: amacimbi asuswa ngu-Actellik aphid - Biotlin noma i-Antitlin.
Kwi-hellebore kusuka ezifweni ezikhala ngokubona, i-anthracnose ne-Downy isikhutha kuyingozi. I-aphid ithathwa njengendlela yokuhamba amabala, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungavumeli ubukhona bayo esakhiweni somuntu siqu.
Izingxenye zesihlahla esinegciwane ngokubona amabala ziyasikwa futhi zishiswe, bese kuthi uzungu kanye ne-hellebore ziphathwe ngesikhunta. I-Anthracnosis itholakala ngokubonakaliswa kwezindawo ezinamabala ansundu-mnyama kumakhasi iphethini elibonakala kancane lendandatho. Izindawo ezitheleleke ngalesi sifo ziyasuswa, nesihlahla siphathwa ngamanxusa aqukethe yethusi. Amaqabunga amasha awaveli ku-hellebore etheleleke nge-Downy hlobo, kanti esevele eyakhiwe ayonakalisiwe, aba namabala phezulu kweqabunga, nangaphansi - ngombala ompunga. Izindawo ezinegciwane lembali zinqunywe, bese kuthi iHellebore kanye nesiza ziphathwe I-Copper oxychloride noma i-Previkur.
Ngokuvamile, iHellebore imelana kakhulu nezifo nezinambuzane, futhi ingalimala kuphela uma iHellebore itshalwe noma itshalwe ngokunakekela noma izimo ezikhulayo zezimbali zephulwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokwesibonelo, endaweni enenhlabathi enkulu kakhulu. Yenza isifundo nge-acidity yenhlabathi: thatha isampula yomhlaba esiqeshini esimalunga nezipuni ngevolumu, uthele engilazini endaweni emnyama, bese uthele uviniga omncane. Uma ukwakheka kwegwebu kubalulekile, lokhu kusho ukuthi umhlaba osendaweni yi-alkaline, uma ephakathi ingathathi hlangothi, futhi uma kungekho thovu, khona-ke udinga ukufaka ufulawa we-dolomite, umlotha wezinkuni noma i-fluffy lime esizeni.
Ukuqoqa imbewu nini futhi kanjani?
Tshala imbewu ivuthwe kusuka ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuye ekuqaleni kokuwa, kepha amaphakethe avuleke ngokuzumayo, bese imbewu ithululeka ungene endaweni. Ukuvimbela lokhu, gqoka amabhokisi angakafiki izikhwama zendwangu bese ulinda imbewu ukuthi ivuthwe futhi ichitheke kuyo. Bese usula imbewu endaweni eyomile yokungena umoya bese ufafaza esikhwameni. Kodwa akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi imbewu yalesi sitshalo ilahlekelwa ukuqhuma kwazo, ngakho-ke kungcono ukungazigcini kuze kube entwasahlobo, kodwa ukuhlwanyela ngokushesha.
Isithwathwa ebusika
IHellebore isitshalo esimelana nokubandayo esibandayo, kodwa ebusika ebusika ayiqhwa, futhi ingahlaselwa yiqhwa, ikakhulukazi ngezitshalo ezisencane. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, gcwalisa indawo lapho iHellebore ikhula khona, ngamaqabunga omile noma uyiphonsa ngamagatsha e-spruce.
I-Moroznik: izinhlobo, izinhlobo nezithombe
I-hellebore emnyama
Enye yezinhlobo ezejwayelekile futhi enhle kakhulu kusiko, etholakala endaweni yemvelo emahlathini asezintabeni avela eYugoslavia naseGermany. Lesi isihlahla esihlala sihlala sikhula size sifinyelele ku-35 cm ngosayizi wezimbali ezinkulu zibheke ku-9 cm ubude, sibomvana kancane ngaphandle futhi simhlophe ngaphakathi, sitholakala kuma-peduncle angama-35-64 cm ngosayizi. Lesi sitshalo besilokhu siqhakaza kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili.
E-hellebore emnyama, amaqabunga anesikhumba, aminyene kakhulu, ubusika, buhlaza okuhle okuhlaza okuhlaza. Ukumelana nobusika besitshalo kuphezulu impela - kuze kufinyelele ku -36C. Ezinhlotsheni, ezaziwa kakhulu: i-Nigristern neNigerkors, nezinhlobonhlobo:
- I-Prex - blooms ye-hellebore ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba ngezimbali ezi-pink ezibucayi;
- U-Eich Ji Joshua uyimbali yokuqala eqhakaza emuva ngoNovemba;
- Ababumbi be-Will - isitshalo esinezimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe kakhulu kuhlobo olufika ku-13 cm.
Caucasian hellebore
Kwi-hellebore yaseCaucasian, amaqabunga aqine ahlala enesikhumba esiqinile kuze kufike ku-16 cm, ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezinkulu, angaba ngu-6 kuye ku-12, kanti nezimbali eziqhakazayo, eziluhlaza okotshani noma omhlophe ngombala onsundu obomvana, kufinyelela ku-9 cm, ngokujikeleza 21-52 cm. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kusuka ekuqaleni kuka Meyi ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5. Izinhlobonhlobo zobusika ziqinile. Lezi zinhlobo ezinobuthi kunazo zonke ze-hellebore.
Abkhazian hellebore
Isihlahla esinamaqabunga amade angenasikhumba amade anombala oluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza okotshani noma obumnyama, izimbali ezibomvu ngokunsomi ezi-34-45 cm nezimbali ezi-drooping ezibomvu ezigcwele kufika ku-9 cm ubukhulu, lapho kubonakala khona amabala amnyama. Ama-blooms aseHellebore aqhamuka ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, anezinhlobo ezihlukile zensimu, ebusika-Hardy.
IMoroznik East
Lesi isihlahla esihlala sikhona esihlala sikhula sifinyelela ku-35 cm ngosayizi wezimbali ezingama-lilac aze afike ku-6 cm. Maye, amaqabunga e-hellebore yalokhu okuhlukahlukene avame ukuthelela isikhunta. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ezidume kakhulu yilezi:
- Rock and Roll - isitshalo esinezimbali ezimbozwe amabala abomvu-apinki;
- I-White Swan isitshalo esinezimbali ezimhlophe;
- I-Hybrid Leydy Series - amahlahla amade akhula ngokushesha anezimbali ezinemibala eyi-6 ehlukene kanye nama-peduncle afinyelela ku-41 cm ukuphakama;
- I-Blue Anemone - izimbali ezimbala onsomi.
I-smelly hellebore
Amaqabunga ayabusika, anezingxenye ezicijile ezicwengekile zohlobo oluhlaza olujulile kanye ne-peduncle efinyelela osayizi abangama-85 cm, lapho kuvela khona ukukhanya okuqhakaza kwezimbali ezincane, eziningi, eziluhlaza bell ezinomdwebo obomvu onsundu. Lezi zinhlobo ze-hellebore zingasibekezelela kalula isimo sezulu esomile. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-Wester Flisk - ama-inflorescence abomvu, amaqabunga anezingxenye eziphansi kunezinhlobo eziphambili.
Isithwathwa seCorsican
Lesi sitshalo esihlala sihlala sihlala njalo sifinyelela ku-80 cm ngosayizi, sakha iziqu eziningana eziqondile, zikhula ngokushesha ngobubanzi. Izimbali ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani wefomu elibunjwe ngendebe zakha amabhulashi amakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu, iGrenspecht - i-hellebore enezimbali ze-green-red hue.
Red Hellebore
Le mbali inamaqabunga ase-basal amade, amakhulu, ahlakazekile asentabeni, ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-6,5, acwebezelayo, acwebile futhi aluhlaza ngenhla, futhi aluhlaza ngaphansi. I-Drooping, umbala othulayo onsomi obomvu kusuka ngaphandle, izimbali zifinyelela ku-5 cm embuthanweni onephunga elingemnandi, ngaphakathi zinombala oluhlaza okotshani, bese kancane kancane ziphenduka zibe luhlaza.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Emithini yabantu, kusetshenziswa izindawo zokuphilisa zama-hellebores amnyama namaCaucasus,:
umfutho wegazi ophansi noshukela wegazi;- hlela izinqubo ze-metabolic;
- hlanza i-bladder ne-bile duct ematsheni, kanye nepheshana esiswini kusuka kuma-polyps kanye nama-parasites;
- abe ne-bactericidal, diuretic ne-laxative effect;
- dambisa i-migraines;
- phatha isilonda esiswini;
- sisekele umsebenzi wohlelo lokuthinta kwenhliziyo;
- dambisa isimo nge-osteochondrosis, i-rheumatism, isifo samathambo ne-radiculitis;
- wandise ukungatheleleki;
- hlanza igazi;
- chitha ukwakheka kwesimila ekuqaleni;
- vikela izifo ze-oncological kanye ne-catarrhal.
umfutho wegazi ophansi noshukela wegazi;Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwezindawo zokuphilisa zesitshalo.
Endimeni yezinto zokwenziwa eziluhlaza zokulungiselela imikhiqizo yokwelapha Sebenzisa izimpande ezinobuthi kuphelaesivunwa ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwembewu. Izimpande ziyagezwa, zisikwe, bese zomiswa ku-41-44C. Ukusuka kuwo benza ama-infusions kanye nama-decoctions, kanye ne-powder enempahla yokuphilisa enamandla kakhulu.
Kepha i-hellebore inayo imibango eminingi. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kulesi sitshalo:
- abantu abanesifo sesibindi;
- abantu abahlushwa i-tachycardia noma abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo;
- izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14;
- abesifazane abakhulelwe nangesikhathi sokuzala.
Ukweqisa kwe-infusions kubangela ukuvuvukala kolimi umphimbo, ukukhala ezindlebeni, ukoma, ubuthi obunamandla futhi kungaholela ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo nasekuweni. Phakathi kwezimbali, i-hellebore isendaweni yokuqala ngenani lezinhlungu zenhliziyo - kwesinye isikhathi ukufa kwenzeka ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kokuqala kokufakwa kwe-hellebore, ngakho-ke, uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa amalungiselelo aqukethe i-hellebore ekhishwe, qiniseka ukubonana nodokotela.
Ngokuvamile, i-hellebore iyimbali eyingqayizivele ebuhleni, yona, ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zayo ezinhle zokuhlobisa, futhi inezimpawu zokwelapha. Muva nje, i-hellebore ilahlekelwe ukuthandwa kwayo kwangaphambili, kodwa namuhla ingabizwa ngokuthandwa ngabatshali bezimbali.
