I-Hick Indian - lesi yisitshalo esivamile esinempahla eminingi ewusizo. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu, i-goof inesihlobo esiseduze - isihlahla esinegama elithi "umnqumo wasendle", noma i-goof emincane. Yiziphi izakhiwo lesi sitshalo esinazo nokuthi zingasikhulisa kanjani - funda i-athikili.
Kutholakala kuphi?
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo owanyayo waseNdiya yiNhlonhlo YaseHindustan. Lesi sihlahla esinjengomuthi sasihlonishwa eChina yasendulo. Abantu bendawo bacabanga ukuthi sihlahla, onempahla yomlingo. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi unezici ezithile zemilingo ezinganikeza amandla futhi zivuselele umzimba. Yaqala ukufika eRussia isuka esiqhingini saseSakhalin, lapho yathunyelwa khona ngabokufika abavela eJapan. Lapho bambeka bezungeza izindlu zabo.
Abanye abasebenzisi bamanethiwekhi okuxhumana nomphakathi bafuna isitshalo se-goof saseChile enjini yokusesha, kodwa ngeshwa, ukuhlukahluka okunjalo akukho.
Kukhona abanye abamele abanye bomndeni owancelayo:
- I-Narrow-leaved. Ukuhanjiswa: izifunda eziseningizimu yeRussian Federation, Kazakhstan kanye nesifunda seCentral Asia, amazwe aseCaucasus.
- Izimbali eziningi. Kutholakala eJapan nase China.
- Isiliva. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yizifunda ezisempumalanga yeNyakatho Melika.
- I-scratchy. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo le nhlobo yiJapan.
- Isambulela. Emvelweni yemvelo kungatholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga ye-Asia.
ECazakhstan, ezindaweni ezilahliwe iyakwazi ukwakha amahlathi - "amahlathi e-tugai". Izindawo ezihlala kuzo zisezindaweni ezingama-steppe kanye namahlathi asemaqeleni; futhi, isitshalo se-loch sithanda ukuhanjiswa kwemifula. I-shrub ayinciphisi emhlabathini, ingakhula kusawoti, hhayi enhlabathini ecebile. Othanda ukushisa. Uhlushwa isithwathwa nobusika obunzima.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zabamele abomndeni oncelayo. Isihlahla singaphila iminyaka eyi-60 sikhule sibe yi-10 m.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Sucker - isitshalo, okuyi shrub noma isihlahla esiphansi. Inomqhele obanzi, amagxolo abomvu ansundu, ambozwe ngameva afinyelela ku-3 cm ubude. Kubonakala ngohlelo olunamandla lwezimpande olungena lujule enhlabathini. Amaqabunga angama-oval noma ama-lanceolate, ancishiselwa phansi, ngenhla ebukhali, eluhlaza okotshani ngaphezulu nokumhlophe ngezansi. Amaqabunga amaqabunga afinyelela ku-7 cm ubude.
Izimbali azikashadi, zincane, zinephunga elimnandi, zicebile ngompe, zisebenza njengesitshalo soju. Izimbali ziqala ngoJuni futhi blooms izinsuku 15-20.
Izithelo zesitshalo ziyidrinki encane emnandi eyindilinga noma okusaqanda. Ukuvula kabusha ngo-Agasti - Septhemba. Ukuvuthwa okungavunyelwe kuyisimo se-sucker, futhi isikhathi esifudumele ngokugcwele siyadingeka ekuvuthweni okugcwele, futhi ngemuva kokuvuthwa, izithelo nazo zibonisa ngokungalingani. Ukuqothuka kwesihlahla kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-3-6 yobudala.
Izincazelo nokusebenza
Izinkuni zalo muthi zisetshenziselwa ukwenza:
- izinsimbi zomculo nefenisha;
- isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zendabuko;
- emasimini engadi.
Amaqabunga kanye namagxolo alesi sitshalo aqukethe ama-tannins, futhi ngenxa yalokho asetshenziselwa ukusikeka nokudaya isikhumba nendwangu.
Izithelo ze-goof, izinsuku ezifanayo, zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ujamu newayini. Ekushiseni kwegumbi, zingagcinwa bonke ubusika. Izithelo zomswayi zigcwele usawoti we-potassium ne-phosphoric, kuze kube noshukela ongu-50%, ama-amino acid namavithamini. Zingasetshenziswa kokubili okutsha nokufriziwe, okusetshenziselwe njengomhlobiso wezitsha ezahlukahlukene zessess. Ama-decoctions ezithelo asetshenziswa njenge-expectorant, kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zepheshana lokuphefumula. Ama-tincture kanye nama-decoctions avela ezimbali zomswayi waseNdiya asetshenziselwa isifo se-scurvy kanye ne-gum, amanxeba okuhlanza.
Izithelo zesitshalo ziqukethe usawoti amaningi we-phosphorus, potassium kanye ne-organic acid. Ngakho-ke, zingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa imemori. Futhi amalungiselelo asuselwa ezithelo umphumela onenzuzo kuhlelo lonke lwenhliziyo.
Lesi sitshalo sitshalwa njengesihlahla sokutshala esihlukile neseqembu emapaki nasezinhlangeni. Ukumelana okuphezulu nothuli lwedolobha kanye namagesi kwenza ukuthi kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ekwakheni uthango olubekezelela ukugunda izinwele. Umbala wesiliva wamaqabunga ubukeka kahle emasimini. Ukuba khona kohlelo lwezimpande olungena shí enhlabathini kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwesihlahla se-goof ekuqiniseni inhlabathi ogwini lwezindikimba zamanzi ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqhubu akhiwa ezimpandeni eziqukethe ama-bacteriotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, ngakho-ke umuntu omunayo akakwazi ukukhula kuphela, kodwa futhi anothise inhlabathi nge-nitrogen, ngaleyo ndlela ezothuthukisa.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Ukusakazeka kwesitshalo kwenziwa zombili ngembewu nangotshani. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwezimpawu kutholakala kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emibili. Kulokhu kuhlangana, kusakazwa imbewu.
Kungcono ukutshala i-sucker ezindaweni ezivikelwe umoya, ekuqaleni kwesizini yokukhula noma ekugcineni ekwindla. Ibanga phakathi kokutshala izihlahla kumele libe ngamamitha amabili noma amathathu. Umquba nosanda kuvunwa kufaka isandla emgodini wokufika. I-superphosphate ephindwe kabili, kufakwa umquba oqukethe i-nitrogen ne-ash ash lokhuni. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, ukuthambisa okuningi kuyadingeka. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuchelela kufanele kube ngokulinganayo.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwamanyolo ngonyaka ngomanyolo we-organic ne-nitrogen kuyenziwa, ekumba umbuthano wesiqu. IHedges ithunwa minyaka yonke, njengoba i-goof ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ekwindla yokuqala, kutholwa umquba ngokuqukethwe okulinganiselayo kwe-potassium, nitrogen ne-phosphorus. Njengoba izihlahla ezincane zithinteka eqandeni, zivikelekile ebusika. Entwasahlobo, ukuthenwa kwamagatsha aselokhu eshwabene futhi alimale ebusika kuyenziwa.
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