Isithombe sokutshala imbewu yeDijithaliI-Digitalis (igama lesayensi - i-digitalis) iyisitshalo esimnandi somndeni wama-plantain. I-Digitalis evela kwisiLatini ihumusha ngokuthi "thimble." Igama linikezwa ngenxa yokwakheka kwama-corollas.
Uhlobo lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-35, ikakhulukazi ezihlala eMedithera, ezitholakala kwezinye izingxenye zeYurophu, eNtshonalanga Asia, eNyakatho Afrika. I-Digitalis ikhula ngama-glade, emaphethelweni, emahlathini, phakathi kwezihlahlana.
Isitshalo si-biennial noma perennial. Emvelweni wemvelo, kungathatha isimo se-shrub noma ngisho ne-shrub. Isiqu silukhuni, sifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-30-150 cm, asisho. Amacembe makhulu, aphelele, anezihloko ezicijile, i-lanceolate ngesimo, i-olong, ihlelwe ngokuhlukile. Umbala wesiqu namaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani.
Amabhulogi ama-digitalis nini futhi angakanani
I-Digitalis esithombeni sezwe
Ngaphezulu kwesiqalo sezimbali zesiqu, kuqoqwe ngamabhulashi angabalingani noma abalingane. Izimbali zinkulu, zibunjiwe njengensimbi, zivamisile: ziveza kahle impova evela ezinambuzaneni ezikhuphukela kuzo. Ngemuva kwalokho badlulisela impova kwezinye izitshalo, bese zingcolisa. Umbala wezimbali uphuzi, ubomvu, upinki onsomi, onsomi.
Izimbali zihlala ihlobo lonke, zithwebula ukuqala kukaSepthemba. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izithelo ziyavela - ibhokisi elinezinhlamvu eziningi ezincane. Isitshalo esisodwa singakhiqiza imbewu ecishe ibe ngu-2 000 000. Ukuhluma kwabo kuthatha iminyaka engama-2-3.
Qaphela: zonke izinhlobo zama-digitalis zinobuthi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezinye zazo zikhule ngokuhlobisa, kanti ezinye ziyizitshalo zokwelapha. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-glycosides emaqabungeni awo, i-digitalis isetshenziswa kubantu bendabuko nemithi yendabuko.
Lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba ekunakekeleni, sibekezelela isomiso nokubanda kahle.
Ama-Digitalis akhula kusuka embewini ekhaya
Isithombe sembewu yeDijithali
Imbewu ingahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile noma ikhule izithombo.
Ungayitshala kanjani imbewu yedijithali emhlabathini
Hlwanyela imbewu ye-digitalis emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo, ngokushesha okukhulu, lapho nje umhlaba uvuthwa - kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, uma usephuze, kungenzeka ngoMeyi. Kungcono uma umbhede ulungiswa kusengaphambili, inhlabathi isembiwe kahle futhi ikwazi ukuhlaliswa. Kuyadingeka ukukala ingaphezulu nge-rake, ukuphula amabele futhi kuhlangane emibhedeni.
- Imbewu encane ayikwazi ukufakwa ngokujulile, ngakho-ke yenza imigqa engajulile ukuze ukujulwa kokubekwa kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1-2 cm.
- Hlwanyela imigqa, ubheka ibanga elingama-25-30 cm phakathi kwabo.
- Sakaza imbewu kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, ufafaze umhlaba omncane.
- Uma isimo sezulu sipholile, amboze izitshalo ngama-lutrasil, bukela ukuvela kwezithombo.
Ama-Digitalis akhula ezinhlanyelweni lapho etshalwe ezindaweni eziphansi zezithombe
- Thinisa izithombo ukuze izitshalo zikhule ngokugcwele, zishiya ibanga eliyi-8-10 cm.
- Kamuva, tshala izihlahla ngebanga elingama-20-25 cm ukuthola umugqa ogelezayo ogelezayo wokuqhakaza izimbali, noma 40-50 cm ngokuhleleka okukodwa kwezihlahla.
AmaDijithali asabalalisa kahle ngokuzitshala, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukunakekela inhlanyelo, kepha khetha izitshalo "ezihle" ezinhle kakhulu entwasahlobo bese uzitshala endaweni ehlala njalo (kepha kuphela uma i-digitalis yakho ingeyona i-hybrid).
I-Digitalis evela embewini ekhaya
I-Digitalis kusuka imbewu imbewu izithombo zezithombe zasekhaya
Hlwanyela imbewu ye-digitalis yezithombo kusuka ekuqaleni kuka maphakathi no-Mashi.
- Gcwalisa iziqukathi ngenhlabathi elula, evulekile, usakaze imbewu ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi, ufafaze ngesihlabathi.
- Ungafafaza izitshalo ngesixazululo sokukhulisa ukuze usheshise futhi uthuthukise ukuhluma.
- Ukwakha umphumela wokugcina ukushisa, amboze isivuno ngengilazi noma ngefilimu.
- Hluma endaweni efudumele ngokukhanya okungasebenzi.
- Faka umoya ku-greenhouse, ugcobe inhlabathi.
- Kuzovela amahlumela emasontweni ambalwa, kungcono ukususa indawo yokukhosela.
- Izithombo zizokhula kancane. Lapho kuqala amaqabunga amabili kwangempela, batshale emabhodweni ahlukene noma ebhokisini elivulekile kakhulu, ubheka ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ezingaba ngu-10 cm.
- Akunzima ukunakekela izithombo: amanzi njengoba umhlabathi womile, ukhulula umhlabathi ngobunono, uvikele elangeni eliqondile nasokuhlaka.
- Izithombo zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile ngokusungulwa kokushisa kweqiniso: ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Shisisa izithombo emasontweni ambalwa edlule. Thatha umoya nsuku zonke, ukhulisa isikhathi esichithwa nsuku zonke.
I-Digitalis izokhula kahle kakhulu endaweni evulekile nelanga. Imvamisa izizwa isemthunzini, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi ungavumeli umswakama untenge, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo ngeke siqhume noma size sife.
Inhlabathi iyadingeka okunempilo, okuxekethile, ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi.
Ungatshala kanjani izithombo emhlabathini
Ungatshala kanjani izithombo ze-digitalis esithombeni somhlabathi
Gaya isigaba kuya ekujuleni kwelefosholo lokwela; ngaphansi kokumba, yenza umquba ngesilinganiso esingamakhilogremu angama-4-5 ngesikwele ngasinye. Yenza izimbobo ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande bese udlulisa ama-digitalis ndawonye nesigaxa sobumba. Gcina ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zilandelana ngo-20-25 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 25-30 cm. Qondanisa inhlabathi, uyiphuze.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, isisindo esiluhlaza siyokhula, futhi ukuqhakaza kuzofika ngesizini ezayo.
Ungayiphindaphinda kanjani i-digitalis ngezinqubo ezilandela kamuva
Isithombe sempande seDigitalis
I-Digitalis isatshalaliswa izinqubo ze-basal. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, unqume ama-inflorescence awonakele. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, amahlumela amancane azovela ezansi kwempande. Lapho kuzobe kunamaqabunga angama-7-8 kuwo, ahlukanise ngokucophelela esihlahleni esikhulu nasekufakweni. Ekuqaleni kwamakhaza, kuzothatha izimpande, kuthi ngesizini ezayo zinikeze ukuqhakaza.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-digitalis engadini
Isithombe se-digitalis flower hybrid Dalmatia simila isithombe
Amanzi kuphela ngesikhathi sesomiso eside, isitshalo singanelisa ngemvula.
Ngemuva kokunisela nemvula, ukhulula inhlabathi ngobumnene. Musa ukujula, njengoba uhlelo lwempande lungaphezulu, kulula ukulonakalisa.
Yondla izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesizini ngamanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi amaminerali. Bangeze kanye nokunisela.
Susa ama-inflorescence awonakele ukwenza isitshalo sibukeke njengomhlobiso. Shiya kuphela ama-inflorescence amahle kakhulu wokuqoqa imbewu.
I-Digitalis ngemuva kwezimbali
Uma kunesidingo, qoqa imbewu. Lapho izinhlayiya zembewu sezivuthiwe ngokugcwele, zizothola i-brown yellow, brown brown. Imbewu enhle kakhulu isemabhokisini asezansi. Zikhiphe ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume. Fafaza imbewu ephephandabeni bese womile egumbini elinomoya omncane. Gcina ezikhwameni zamaphepha endaweni emnyama, eyomile.
Imvamisa, izimpande zesitshalo zingaphumela ngaphandle - ngoba ubusika kufanele bubafafaze ngenhlabathi enempilo. Sika iziqu, ushiye cishe u-10-15 cm ngaphezu kobuso. Mulch inhlabathi nge-sawdust, amaqabunga omile, amboze ngamagatsha e-spruce.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-Powdery hlobo, amabala - izifo lapho isitshalo singasindiswa khona. Kuyadingeka ukususa izindawo ezithintekile, ukwenza ukwelashwa nge-fungicide. Izinyathelo zidinga ukuthathwa ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngokutheleleka okuqinile, lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka sibhujiswe.
Uma kulimala ukubola kwezimpande, i-viral mosaic, lesi sitshalo kuzodingeka sisuswe futhi sishiswe ukugwema ukutheleleka kwezitshalo ezisele endaweni. Phatha inhlabathi ngesikhunta.
I-Digitalis ingalimaza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-aphid. Uma izinambuzane zenzeka, phatha ngesinambuzane.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-digitalis anezithombe namagama
I-Digitalis aimurea perennial Digitalis purpurea
Isithombe se-Digitalis aimurea perennial Digitalis purpurea
Isitshalo se-perennial. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungamamitha ayi-1,5, ngamacembe angaba ngu-80 cm ambozwe izimbali. Isiqu siqonde, sihlwanyelwe buthakathaka, sinamandla. Ingxenye engezansi yesembozo imbozwe ngamaqabunga amade anemikhono emide, ihlelwe ngokulandelana, amaqabunga aphezulu ayindilinga, ayindilinga, wonke amapuleti amaqabunga yi-pubescent. Ubude be-corolla buyi-5 cm. Umbala ungaba mhlophe, ukhilimu, upinki, onsomi, ubomvu ovuthayo, ngaphakathi kwe-corolla isigaxa somthunzi omnyama. I-inflorescence ihlala munye.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobo yi-digitalis gloxiniform futhi ibonwa.
Izinhlobo:
I-Shirley - i-inflorescence enehlangothini elilodwa iqukethe amakhorali akhipha umbala opinki no-ukhilimu noma ibala elimpunga ngaphakathi;
Ama-hybrids ama-Excelsior axutshwe - izimbali ezinkulu, ezihlelwe ngombala obomvana, omhlophe, opinki, obomvu;
Isithombe se-Digitalis aimurea grade Alba Digitalis purpurea 'Alba'
I-Alba - izimbali zimhlophe qhwa, zikhula kahle kunhlabathi emanzi;
I-Snow Thimble - isitshalo esingu-1,2 m ubude, izimbali ezimhlophe;
I-Digitalis ekwakhiweni kwesimo esisebangeni lesithombe Digitalis purpurea Pantaloons Pam s Choice Split
I-Pam's Choise - ama-nimbus amhlophe qhwa aneqhwa elinamabala ngaphakathi komthunzi we-cherry;
I-Pam's Choice Split Corolla - i-whisk eqoshiwe esesimweni esifana ne-orchid;
I-pink champagne - iheha ngemibala exegayo;
Isithombe se-Digitalis grade Digitalis 'Illumination Apricot'
I-apricot - izimbali ze-apricot hue;
Imiklomelo ekhazimulayo Ingxube - imibala kusuka kokumhlophe kuya ku-burgundy;
Ama-Digitalis engadini yokuklama engadini Digitalis purpurea Dwarf Red
I-Dwarf Red - isitshalo esingaba ngu-70 cm ukuphakama, izimbali zinombala opinki;
I-Fooxy - ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungama-80 cm, izimbali zimhlophe, zipinki, zibubende, zibomvu ngokugqamile.
I-digitalis digitalis grandiflora noma i-Digitalis ambigua
Isithonjana esikhulu esine-Digitalis grandiflora noma isithombe se-Digitalis ambigua
Isitshalo siphakeme ngamamitha ayi-1,2. Amaqabunga e-Lanceolate, imiphetho ebunjiweyo yamapuleti amaqabunga kanye nemithambo ngama-pubescent. Ubude be-corolla bungamasentimitha ayi-6. Ziphuzi, ngaphakathi kukhona imithambo ngombala onsundu onsundu, ingaphezulu le-corolla liyi-pubescent.
Izinhlobo zasekhaya:
- I-Carousel - digitalis engaba ngu-120 cm ukuphakama ngezimbali zikakhilimu;
- Ubuhle be-apricot - bufinyelela ekuphakameni kwe-1.4 m, umbala we-corolla uhambelana negama;
- Isiqhwaga esimhlophe yi-digitalis ende ende enezimbali ezimhlophe;
- I-Spotted giant - izimbali ezimhlophe ezinamabala we-hue onsomi;
- Okuphuzi - kunezimbali eziphuzi;
- I-Purple giant - izimbali ezimpunga;
- I-Speckle - izimbali ezi-raspberry ezikhanyayo ezinama-burgundy amabala.
I-Digitalis rusty Digitalis Ferrocinea
Isithombe se-Digitalis rusty Digitalis Ferrocinea
Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kungamasentimitha angama-70-120. Amaqabunga ayashwabana, awanalutho noma acabhile kancane. I-corolla inezindebe eziphansi eziphakeme - ezifana nembali ye-orchid. Umbala uphuzi ngokugqamile ngombala opinki, ophuzi, ompunga, onsundu wegolide. Ngaphakathi kwe-corolla kunemifudlana ye-lilac, ebomvu-nsundu.
I-Digitalis woolly Digitalis lanata
Isithombe sewulu seDigitalis lanata isithombe
Isitshalo sokwelapha. Izimbali zincanyana, ziphuzi-nsundu ngemishubhe onsomi. Isiqu sinamandla amakhulu.
Digitalis yellow Digitalis lutea
Isithombe se-Digitalis yellow Digitalis lutea
Ukuphakama kungamasentimitha angama-80-100. Amaqabunga neziqu akunalutho. Amapuleti amaqabunga a-oval-oblong. Izimbali
IGelb Janus iyinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu yezinhlobo ezinezimbali zohlobo oluphuzi oluphuzi.
I-Digitalis ekwakhiweni komhlaba
I-Digitalis rusty esithombeni sokuklanywa komhlaba
Izinhlobo ezinde nezinhlobonhlobo zisebenza njengemuva langemuva emibhedeni yezimbali eqondile kanye nemingcele yokuxuba, zitshala ukuze zimboze izindonga ezingalunganga. Amasayizi aphakathi nendawo alungele ukuhlobisa ama-flowerbeds, ngosizo lwamafreyimu wangaphansi wohlaka olunezinhlaka, izindlela.
Izithonjana zezimbali ezingama-Digitalis
Ungatshala endaweni yezimbali noma emabhodweni ukuhlobisa amathala, amakhamera.
Dala i-glade ye-digitalis engadini - izobukeka imnene, inothando, iyindalo.
Imiphi imibala ukufaka isithombe se-digitalis mixborder
Izihlahla nezihlahla bazoba ngabalingani abahle engadini: i-viburnum, rose rose, honeysuckle, rhododendron; izitshalo eziqinile: i-hosta, i-primrose, i-geranium, i-aquilegia, i-dicenter; omakhelwane bendawo yonke: i-irises, umnsalo wokuhlobisa, ama-peonies, ama-poppies, i-angelica, i-valerian.
Ngendlela esekwe ngayo, izimbali zikhipha izimbali sicela cishe isonto. Babukeka kahle kuma-ceramic amade we-ceramic kanye nengilazi.
Izici zokwelapha ze-digitalis kanye ne-contraindication
Amaqabunga angukhiye omkhulu owuhlaza okwelapha. Bacebile ngama-glycosides (izinto eziphila ngokusebenza ezisiza ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo). I-Digitalis ibilokhu isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zendabuko kusukela ngekhulu le-18. Amaqabunga, ayimpuphu, ayingxenye yomkhiqizo wokwelapha.
Emithini yabantu, kusetshenziswa umthi Sekuyisikhathi eside kuthathwa isithuthwane, njenge-anesthetic kanye nezindlela zokuhlanza umzimba.
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abelaphi besebenzisa i-digitalis belaphe isifo sokuwa, isisu kanye ne-thoracic dropsy, beyisebenzisa ukudambisa izinhlungu ezifweni zesikhumba, kanye nekhambi lokuqunjelwa kanye nokuhlanza umzimba. Kodwa-ke, ngomthamo ongalungile, ukugabha, isifo sohudo, futhi kaningi ukufa, kwaqashelwa. Ngakho-ke, okwekhulu leminyaka, ubuntu bakhohliwe nge-digitalis.
Isitshalo sinobuthi kakhulu, ngakho-ke thatha ukumiliselwa kufanele kube ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Kwisibonakaliso sokuqala sobuthi, shayela i-ambulensi. Ubuthi bubonakaliswa isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuqubuka esikhunjeni, ukuquleka, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo kungenzeka. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kuholela emiphumeleni eyandayo yezinto ezinobuthi, ezingase zidale ukulahleka kwesifiso sokudla, izibilini.
Kuyenqatshelwa ngokuqinile ukuthatha i-digitalis yezingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abagqokile, kanye nabantu abaye baba ne-myocardial infarction, banezifo zamaphaphu, abane-pericarditis, i-angina pectoris, ne-gastric tachycardia.
