Kokunye kwendatshana yami ngizamile ukukholisa abafundi beBotanichki ukuthi bathathe amagilebhisi akhula ngokungathi sína. Ngisebenza, ngahlala isikhathi eside eGeorgia futhi ngathola ukuthi amadoda anethezeka kakhulu ngamagilebhisi newayini lamagilebhisi. Kepha abesifazane bakhathazeka kakhulu ngama-sitrobheli. Leli yibhizinisi elisebenzayo nelinzima; isizatho esikhulu kubuchwepheshe bokulima kufanele sicatshangwe kahle ukuze umsebenzi wokunakekela ama-sitrobheli ukhokhe ngesitshalo esihle. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwenani elanele lezindatshana ezinhle eBotanichka mayelana nama-sitrobheli, nginqume ukwenza okuncane ukuze kube lula futhi kukhiqize kakhulu abesifazane ukuthi basebenze emibhedeni ye-sitrobheli ukuze umsebenzi wabo ungachithwa. Ngizokwakha imithetho embalwa ebonakala kimi ibaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kwama-sitrobheli.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © Rasmus Bogeskov LarsenOkokuqala
Abalimi nabalimi bayalulekwa ukuthi bathenge izinto zokutshala ezi-elite emapulazini akhethekile njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4 futhi batshale isivuno ngezithombo zabo kuphela izikhathi ezi-2-3. Ukuqashelwa kukhombisa ukuthi ezimweni eziningi ama-sitrobheli atshalwa ngokunganaki. Isibonelo, kusuka kumadevu kusuka kusakhiwo sakho noma somakhelwane, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngeminyaka emingakanani amajikijolo akhule lapho futhi okungenzeka ukuthi ikwazi ukuwohloka, ukuqoqa iminyaka eminingi zonke izifo ezitholakala kuleli bheri noma uhlanganyele nezitshalo ezingiwe (empeleni zasendle) . Kubukeka kungakuhle ukuthenga okungenani izithombo eziyishumi nambili ezikhethekile emapulazini akhethekile; zingabe sezisakazwa ngokwenziwe ngenani elidingekayo kungakapheli iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © iamadonutOkwesibili
Ukuze uthole ezithela eziphakeme zama-sitrobheli wasendle, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhetha kwama-bush of the bush akhiqize kakhulu futhi uqhubeke uwusabalalisa ngokudla, i.e., ngamadevu. Njengoba abafundi baseBotanichka sebazi, i-Clone ingumndeni okhuliswe esitshalweni esisodwa esikhuliswe imifino. Umongo wokukhethwa kwama-Clone ukwenza njalo ngonyaka ngesikhathi sokuqothuka kwama-sitrobheli ukuze uqaphele izihlahla ezinempilo ngesivuno esikhulu bese uthatha izithombo (amadevu noma izimpondo) kuwo ukuthola izihlahla ezintsha. Khumbula ukuthi izimpondo zingamahlumela we sitrobheli wasendle okhule kusuka ezimpandeni ezisencane zethala batshalwe ngompande wecala osikiwe. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho ama-sitrobheli anika amadevu amancane (isibonelo, remontant). Lapho ukhetha izihlahla ezivunwayo, ungaqiniseka ukuthi izitshalo zama-sitrobheli wasengadini ezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo, nokuba zisesimweni esifanayo esikhulayo, ngokunakekela okufanayo, zinikeza isivuno esihlukile. Isibonelo, abanye abalimi bathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezilinganayo esinye isihlahla se-festivalnaya sinika ama-100 g amajikijolo esihlahleni, kanti amanye angama-500 g, aze afinyelela ku-700 g. Uma izihlahla ezinjalo zikhula ngokukhethwa kwama-clone, khona-ke kusuka ezilikhulu zamakhulu ungathola u-200 -300 kg amajikijolo, nama-800-1000 kg. (!) futhi ngaleyo ndlela eminyakeni ezayo ukwandisa kakhulu isivuno sitrobheli ingadi.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © uJessica “The Hun” ReederIzihlahla ezingama-Strawberry ngokuvamile ngemuva kokuqhakaza zinikeza amadevu amaningi, ezindaweni lapho kukhiwa khona amaqabunga amancane amaqabunga - ama-2-3 noma ngaphezulu ngehlumela ngalinye (amadevu). I-rosette eye yathuthukiswa ngaphambi kokufaka ukubhula kwezimpawu ibondliwa yihlahla lesibeletho. Izitolo ezithethwe eduze kwaso zihlala zinamandla, zithuthukiswa kangcono, izimpande ngaphambili futhi ekuqaleni zithola amandla amaningi kunalawo asekupheleni kwamadevu. Njengoba icindezelwe phansi noma ukushaya inhlabathi evulekile, ama-rosette athola ngokushesha okukhulu futhi akhiqize izitshalo ezizimele. Kusukela ezitolo zokuqala ezingama-2-3, izithombo zama-sitrobheli ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngohlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle zihlala zitholakala. Maphakathi no-Agasti, izitolo ezakhiwe kahle zahlukaniswa futhi zitshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo. Abalimi abaningi base-amateur basebenzisa imibhede yale nhloso nge sitrobheli ezitshaliwe esizeni ukuze, ukuze kugwemeke ukuvikeleka nezinye izinhlobo, kufaka phakathi ezonakalisiwe, akufanele kuhlangane nokutshala okuyinhloko.
Okwesithathu
Kufanele uqaphele ngezimpondo - unciphise amahlumela wonyaka. Uphondo ngalunye olwakhiwe lune-apical bud (inhliziyo), i-rosette enamaqabunga amathathu kuya kwayi-7, ama-axillary e-lateral buds, nezimpande ezibambekayo ezisekelweni zokukhula. Ama-Peduncle akhiwa kusuka emaqabungeni apical kanye ne-axillary amaqabunga aphezulu ngonyaka olandelayo. Amaqabunga ama-axillary wamaqabunga avame ukuhlaza imifino. Kuvela izimpondo ezintsha phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, kepha ikakhulu zakha kakhulu ngaphambi nangemva kokukhula kwezithelo. Uphondo ngalunye olusha luphindaphinda umjikelezo wokuthuthuka ofanayo nalowo owedlule: ngonyaka wokuqala kukhula ihlumela lokufushane elinemifino, lapho kwakhiwa khona amaqabunga bese kubekwa ama-axillary nezimbali, ngonyaka wesibili kunikeza ihlumela elinezimbali. Ngokuqala kwophondo olusha, izimpande zezithelo ze-carob eziklelwayo phansi. Uma irosette inophondo olulodwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu, ngokuwa isitshalo esincane singaba nezimpondo ezi-2-3, isitshalo esineminyaka engu-5-9 ubudala, kanye nezitshalo ezineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala zezinhlobo ezithile zikhula zibe yizimpondo ezingama-25- 30. Izimpondo eziningi, ukwakheka kwezithelo okuningi; ichopho ngalinye lophondo, ngaphandle kokunye, lithwala iminwe eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © Chris PennyOkwesine
Wonke umlimi wegadi we-amateur, lapho ekhula ama-sitrobheli, udinga ukukhumbula: lezo sitshalo ze-sitrobheli ezikhulwe kusuka kuzithombo ezivunwa emhlanzeni omncane we-uterine osemncane zingcambu ezingcono futhi zinikeze ezithela eziphakeme. Izithombo ezithathwe ezitshalweni ezindala (ezineminyaka engama-4-5 ubudala) azilungele ukutshala, itheleka kakhulu yizilokazane, azithathi izimpande kahle, azithobeki futhi azinze kangako ngesikhathi sasebusika. Awukwazi ukuthatha izithombo ezitshalweni ezisencane, hhayi ezithelayo manje, ngoba akukho ukuzethemba ekuhlanzekeni kwazo kanye nomthamo ophakeme wokuthela.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © Maja DumatOkwesihlanu
Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, izimpondo ze-sitrobheli njengezinto zokutshala zingcono kunamadevu. Futhi ezinhlotsheni zokulungisa - ezingenantshebe noma ezinikeza amadevu omncane, le ndlela yokuzala ingaba yisisekelo. Udinga ukukhetha ama-bush wonyaka anempilo, unqume wonke ama-peduncle kuwo. Bese kuthi lapho kuphela isikhathi sokukhula, izandla zihlukaniswe ngesihlahla zibe yizimpondo zaso nge-rosette yamaqabunga kanye ne-rhizome. Izihlahla zisika ingxenye engezansi ye-rhizome, ishiya kuphela ukukhula okuphezulu konyaka kanye nezimpande ezingaphansi ziphuzi futhi ezinsundu kanye ne-rosette yamaqabunga. Ngemuva kwalezi zinqubo, izihlahla eziphumayo ziyahlanzwa futhi zigcinwe kuzinqwaba kuze kube sekufrijini esiqandisini noma emiphongolweni ekushiseni okungu-0 kuye ku-2 °.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © uJessica “The Hun” ReederFuthi owokugcina
Ngemuva kokuthi mina nawe siqonde umbono oyisisekelo osezingeni eliphezulu wokutshala ama-sitrobheli, okungukuthi, ukungawuthale kusuka kumakhasi akho esizeni isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emi-4, kepha ukuthenga izithombo ezintsha, sizokunikeza, ukuze uvuselele ukuvuselelwa kwakho ceba izinhlobo ezintsha, enye yezinhlobo ezikhangayo. Kuzoba mayelana nesigaxa sasendle i-Chamora Turusi, ngokumangazayo amajikijolo awo amakhulu, kuhlangana nama-apula aphakathi, iphunga elihlukile lama-sitrobheli asendle nokukhiqiza okuphezulu (ngobuchwepheshe obufanele bezolimo - 2,5 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye).
Kukholelwa ukuthi le nhlobo ifakwa eJapan, ivuthwa sekwephuze kakhulu, ivuthwe enkabeni yeRussia ngoJuni 25, nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho ngoJulayi 25. Isithelo esikhulu se-Chamor sinikeza unyaka wesibili wokutshala, isisindo se-berry ngasinye singama-80-130 gr. kuya ngezimo ezikhulayo.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. © inyuchoLe sitrobheli yakha izihlahla ezinamandla, ukukhula okukhulu kubekwe kuzo ngofuzo. Etshalwe entwasahlobo, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili bayakwazi ukubonakala kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo. Kodwa akufanelekile ukuvumela ukwenziwa okuhle kulo nyaka, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande alukakhiwa ngokuphelele. Into enzima kakhulu ukuthola izinto zokutshala eziseqophelweni eliphezulu ezikhule kusuka kuma-rosette okuqala kumadevu. Kungcono ukufakelwa ama-sitrobheli ngaphandle kokudalula uhlelo lwezimpande ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokusinda. Njengoba kunikezwe ukukhula okuqinile kwama-sitrobheli, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ubukhulu bokutshala, uhlelo olunconyiwe luyi-40 x 60 cm.
Kucace bha ukuthi imibhede yokutshala kumele ilungiswe kusenesikhathi ngokwethula i-organic organic kanye ne-mineral fertilizer. Ngomanyolo we-nitrogen, umuntu kufanele aqaphele kakhulu ukuthi angabi lukhuni izihlahla futhi angalimazi izithelo. Abanye abalimi batusa ukwenza imingcele eceleni kwemiphetho yombhede (kuze kufike ku-25 cm) ukuze ama-sitrobheli akwazi ukumbozwa ekuqaleni kwenkathi yokukhula. Ama-Strawberry anesidingo esikhulu somswakama ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye nenkathi yokukhula nokugcwaliswa kwamajikijolo, kanye nangemva kokuqhakaza izithelo, lapho isikhathi sokubekwa kwezithelo zokuvunwa konyaka olandelayo siqala. Lapho amajikijolo avuthwa, ukuthambisa ngokweqile kungafuneki, ngoba kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kokubola nezinye izifo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuya kubi kusuka kumswakama ngokweqile.
Sitrobheli sasendle, iStrawberry. Okuhlukahlukene Chamora Turusi. © yabelkova50Izinhlobonhlobo ezisakazeka kalula, isitshalo esidala sinikeza amadevu amaningi nama-rosette anamandla aqinile ngohlelo oluhle lwezimpande. Ukuvuthwa kwasekuqaleni kukaChamora Turusi kuyamangaza: uma utshala ingadi entsha enama-rosette ebusika emasimini wesibeletho ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho-ke cishe yonke imukelwa, izoqala ukukhula kakhulu, futhi ngoJuni izoqala ukuthela izithelo. Abalimi abaningi bayazi ukuthi akuvamile ukuthi i-sitrobheli likwazi ukukhiqiza isivuno ngonyaka wokutshala, ngaphandle kokulungisa, kepha uChamorora Turusi, obonakala engenjalo, naye ukhombisa izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle lapha.
