I-Night violet (hesperis) isitshalo seminyaka emibili esidabuka eGrisi nase-Asia Minor. Ukhula eCaucasus, eMedithera, eSiberia eseNtshonalanga, engxenyeni yaseYurophu neRussia.
Isiqu s imbali siqondile, ubude bube ngama-40-50 cm, embozwe i-glandular villi. Amacembe enzelwe, amancane, angenalutho, abukhali futhi aqondile. Izimbali zilula noma zimbili, kufinyelela amasentimitha amabili ububanzi, lilac noma onsomi.
Lesi sitshalo sinephunga elimnandi, eliqinisa isimo sezulu semvula nasebusuku (kusihlwa) isikhathi sosuku. Kungakho imbali ibizwa ngokuthi iphathi yakusihlwa noma i-violet yasebusuku.
Amattiols aqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi isikhathi sezimbali - izinyanga eziyi-1-1,5, kuya ngesimo sezulu: esikhathini esomile esomile - kancane kakhulu. Imbewu Matthiola emincane, e-brown-brown brown igcina ukuhluma kwayo iminyaka emi-2-3 futhi itholakala ngembobo encane, enobude obungu-6 cm.
I-violet yasebusuku isakazeka kahle ngokuzitshala, ngakho-ke ukuze uvikele imibhede yakho yezimbali ingakhukhuleki, kunconywa ukuyinciphisa ngezikhathi ezithile (njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3).
Iphathi yakusihlwa. Ukulima nokunakekela
Ubusuku be-violet buyimbali engenakulibaleka, izizwa imnandi kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomthunzi futhi ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe ilanga ngokwanele. Lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi ekhanyiselwe kahle i-alkaline noma ingacebisi ngokungathathi hlangothi.. Ngesikhathi sokutshala okusebenzayo, kubalulekile ukubhekisisa ukuthambisa ngokucophelela. Ama-Vesper awabekezeleli isomiso, kepha ngasikhathi sinye umswakama nokugcwala kwamanzi ngeke kuvunyelwe. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo, kepha hhayi ngokweqile. Ukugwema ukufaka iziqu eziphakeme, lesi sitshalo singaboshwa.
I-violet yasebusuku inokumelana okuhle nesithwathwa futhi ayidingi indawo yokukhosela ebusika. Okuhlukile kungaba yiqhwa ebusika elinamaqhwa - ke imbali kufanele imbozwe.
Ukuzala
Iphathi yakusihlwa isabalalisa kahle ngokuzitshala, kepha uma ungakabi nayo umbhede wezimbali onama-violets, futhi ufuna ngempela ukuyithola, ungazama ukusabalalisa izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, beka imbewu ezitsheni ezincane, uzifafaze ngqo phezu kwenhlabathi. Bese ufafaza ungqimba oluncane (kufika ku-1 cm) we-peat-humus ngaphezulu, u-condense, u-moisten bese umboza isitsha ngesimbozo sepulasitiki. Ngokushisa kwe-+20 ° C, izithombo zizovela emavikini angama-2-3. Ukunikeza izithombo ngokunisela okuhle, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina komswakama, maduze uzothola izitshalo ezinempilo ezinamaqabunga ayi-2-3. Manje izimbali sezikulungele ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Izitshalo ezitshalwe engadini zidinga ukunisela njalo nokukhulula inhlabathi ukuze kuvuleke ukufinyeleleka komoya ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, kuzovela izisekelo zamaqabunga anamandla futhi awugqinsi kakhulu esihlahleni sezimbaliezoqala ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo.
Eminyakeni elandelayo, ungashiya isitshalo esisodwa eqenjini ukuze uzitshale.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, umanyolo we-organic kufanele ungezwe emhlabathini.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zikhona:
- "Inkanyezi". Isitshalo esinoqwembe oluphakame kahle (kufika ku-50 cm) nezimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene.
- "Iphunga lakusihlwa." Isitshalo esihle ngokubabazekayo esingu-45 cm esinesiqu esinamandla kakhulu. Ifaka iphunga elihlukile nama-blooms kakhulu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukubekwa kwamanzi njalo kwenhlabathi kungaholela ekuwohlisweni kohlelo lwempande nokufa kwesitshalo. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izilonda emapheshana - susa masampula ogulayo kuze kube yilapho ukutheleleka sekudlulele phambili.
I-violet yasebusuku ingagula nge-keel (isifo sempande), esivame kubo bonke ababethelwa emthini. Kulokhu, izitshalo ezithintekayo kufanele zichithwe (zishiswe), futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe yilamula futhi iphathwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile.
Esimweni sezulu esomile, kungabonakala undiza obethela izimbali. Ukuba khona kwayo kunqunywa ngokwakhiwa kwezimbobo ezincane emaqabungeni. Ukususa inkathazo, kuyadingeka ukugaya umlotha wezinkuni othulini bese ufafaza izitshalo nenhlabathi ezungezile.
Lapho kuvela izimvemvane ezimhlophe (izimvemvane zeklabishi), i-violet kufanele iphathwe kabili ngama-insecticides (Fury, Tsimbush, Kinmins, Arrivo).
Izakhiwo zokusebenza nezisebenzayo zeqembu lakusihlwa
Ubusuku be-violet bulungele ama-loggias we-landscaping nama-balconies, uzizwa emuhle eduze kwendlu emibhedeni yezimbali nemibhede. Kusukela Matthiola eduze eduze kwezimbali eziqhakaza kahle (ngokwesibonelo, i-calendula), ungenza izingoma zokuqala ezinephunga elimnandi engadini yakho noma kuvulandi.
Engadini, kungcono ukutshala i-matthiol ngamaqembu wezitshalo ezingama-5-10, ebangeni elingama-35-45 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Futhi-ke Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izitshalo ziqhakaza ndawonye engadini yakho kuvela amabala akhazimulayo futhi umbono udalwa ukuthi inkungu ye-lilac enephunga sele iqandile phezu kwe-flowerbed.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yabomdabu.
Kusukela kwimbewu yobusuku be-violet thola izinto ezilandelayo:
- ama-cardenolides;
- ama-steroid;
- ama-alkaloids;
- digitoxyside;
- glycobiovihozide;
- biovihoside.
Ekhemisi, lesi sitshalo sisetshenziswa njenge-diuretic, i-cardiotonic. Amaqabunga aqukethe ama-saponins, ama-flavonoid kanye namafutha abalulekile. Ukusuka emapheshana ungalungisa ne-ejenti elwa namagciwane kususelwa kotshwala.
Ukufakwa kwembewu namakhambi e-matthiola kusetshenziswa njenge-diaphoretic, kanye nokwelashwa kwe-rheumatism kanye ne-gout. Ukupheka, udinga ukuthatha i-0.5 tsp. imbewu ebusuku i-violet ne-1 tsp. amakhambi. Hlanganisa izakhi kahle bese uthela amanzi abilayo (1/2 l.). Phikelela amahora amabili. Thatha izikhathi 3-4 ngosuku, 100 ml.
Utshani buvunwa ngoMeyi-Julayi, imbewu - ngo-Agasti-Septhemba.
Sebenzisa ukuqaphela lapho uqoqa futhi uvuna izinto ezingavuthiwe, kanye nalapho usebenzisa utshani ngaphakathi. Kusukela ebusuku i-violet isitshalo esinobuthi.
Imbewu ekhulisiwe ye-matthiola (i-ebusuku ye-violet) inothile ngamaminerali (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron), kanye namavithamini A no-C. Amahlumela we-violet anomthelela omuhle kwimithombo yokuvuselela umzimba womzimba, ube nokuthambisa kanye ne-anti-zingotic effectvuselela inkanuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombo zisetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Zingafakwa ezitsheni ezahlukahlukene (ukudla okulula, izidumbu, amasaladi, njll) ukunikeza izinongo.
Ngakho-ke, iphathi yakusihlwa ayinikezi injabulo yobuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi isetshenziswa njenge-aromatherapy yasekhaya lapho uyitshala kuvulandi noma endaweni yengadi, kanye nesitshalo somuthi kwezinye izifo.
