Isihlahla se-walnut sikhula sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-300-400. Lokhu kusho ukuthi okungenani izizukulwane ezi-5 zomndeni ofanayo zingaphephela emthunzini wawo futhi zijabulele izithelo. Uma uhlela nje uzungu lwakho kanye nokuphupha ngesihlahla somndeni, mhlawumbe lo mbhalo uzosiza ukwenza ukukhetha ngokuthanda i-walnut.
WalnutIzinkuni ze-Walnut ziyizinhlobo ezibalulekile zokhuni, zinomthunzi omuhle omnyama futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ifenisha yokwakha ebizayo. Kusukela emaqabunga yenza udayi wemvelo wezindwangu. Futhi uma uzihlanza izinwele zakho nge-decoction yamaqabunga e-walnut, khona-ke zizothola isithunzi esimnyama.
Ezithelo ezingavuthiwe eziqukethe uvithamini C, zonke izinhlobo zama-dessert abilisiwe ngesimo sejamu noma zigaya uju nezithelo ezomisiwe. Futhi izikhwebu zamantongomane avuthiwe aqukethe amavithamini abalulekile afana no-K, olawula inqubo yokuhlangana kwegazi ne-P, enza isimo sodonga lwama-capillaries, sikhulise amandla nokuqina. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amantongomane agcinwe agxila kuphela ezakhamzimba zawo.
Ungavuna kanjani futhi ugcine kanjani izitshalo
Qala ukuthwala amantongomane, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, eneminyaka engu-3. Cishe u-5-6, sizoqoqa amantongomane angama-5-10 kuphela. Eminyakeni engu-15 silinde amabhakede angu-1-2 wesivuno, sineminyaka engama-20 - isikhwama, futhi sineminyaka engu-50-100 - isentimenti! Izithelo zivuthwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya maphakathi no-Okthoba.
Lapho i-pericarp evuthiwe, i-peel eluhlaza izungeze i-nati, iqala ukuphahlazeka, bese amantongomane ewa emhlabathini, bese kuyisikhathi sokuvuna. Akufanele ushaye izinti emagatsheni ukuthola izithelo. Mhlawumbe udinga ukulinda kancane bese uqoqa amantongomane awile noma usebenzise isitebhisi nezitebhisi ukuze ungalimazi amagatsha ngezindlela ze- “barbaric”.
Cishe u-5-6, sizoqoqa amantongomane angama-5-10 kuphela. Eminyakeni engu-15 silinde amabhakede angu-1-2 wesivuno, sineminyaka engama-20 - isikhwama, futhi sineminyaka engu-50-100 - isentimenti!
Amantongomane aqoqiwe kufanele ahlanzwa nge-pericarp eluhlaza, ukuze kungabikho ukubola. Yoma ngokusabalalisa ungqimba omncane emoyeni ovulekile. Faka amantongomane ezikhwameni zelineni bese uwabeka endaweni epholile futhi emnyama yokugcina kuyo. Musa ukugcina amantongomane emagumbini ashisayo, ngoba uwoyela wazo uba yingozi futhi umunyu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ama-inshell walnuts agcina izakhiwo ze-antioxidant, futhi ngaphandle kwamagobolondo ashesha ukufaka umfutho futhi anciphise ukusebenziseka kwawo. Kungcono ukutshala lezi zihlahla emngceleni wesayithi ukuze ungacasuli okunye okutshalekile. I-Walnut ayizithobi futhi iyamelana nezifo. I-Walnut ayinqabuli phansi; ikhula cishe kuyo yonke indawo. Kepha ayizithandi inhlabathi ezisindayo nezinomswakama.
Walnut pericarp 
I-Ripe Walnut iqukethe amavithamini K no-P 
Walnut ujamuUkutshala kwe-Walnut
Ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngoba nati encane iyazwela isithwathwa futhi ayenzi izimpande kahle ngesikhathi sokutshala kwekwindla. Kepha umgodi wezithombo ulungiselelwe kangcono ekwindla. Kuyadingeka ukumba umgodi cishe nge-1X1X1m. Kufanele ibe ngu-20-30 cm ukujula kunezimpande. Ingqimba yenhlabathi evundile ihlanganiswa ne-humus kanye ne-peat ngesilinganiso se-1: 1: 1. Faka umanyolo: ufulawa we-dolomite - 500-1000 g, superphosphate - 2,5-3 kg, i-potassium chloride - ama-800 g. Izichumisi zihlanganiswa nengxube yenhlabathi, isizini umgodi bese kusele ubusika.
Entwasahlobo, impande eyinhloko inqunywa ibe ngu-40 cm ubude futhi isigaba simbozwe ngobumba. Izimpande ezisele ziqondile, ungaziphatha nge-stimulator yokukhulisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungisa imbobo yobumba: thatha ingxenye eyi-1 yomquba obolile nezingxenye ezi-3 zobumba. Amanzi alethwa ukuvumelana okunokhilimu ngokufakwa kwe-ezikhulisayo - “Epina” noma “Humata”. Izimpande zibekwe emgodini futhi zimbozwe ngengxube yomhlaba kanye ne-humus 1: 1. Intamo yezimpande kufanele ibekwe emazingeni aphansi noma phezulu kancane. Inhlabathi inyathelwa kahle futhi iniselwa ngamabhakede angama-1-2 amanzi. Lapho amanzi egcotshwa, hlanganisa umhlaba ngotshani, nge-humus noma nge-peat ukuze ugcine umswakama. Esikhathini nesomiso kufanele siniselwe izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto.
Ukutshala izithombo kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngoba nati encane iyazwela isithwathwa futhi ayenzi izimpande kahle ngesikhathi sokutshala kwekwindla. Kepha umgodi wezithombo ungcono ukulungiselela ekwindla.
Ukuthena u-Walnut
I-Walnut isitshalo esithanda ukukhanya, futhi umqhele omnyama unciphisa ubunjani besihlahla. Ukuthena kukhuthaza ukukhula futhi kwakha umqhele wesikhathi esizayo. Umqhele ungathuthukiswa-tier, ubeke inkomishi nge-3-4 noma i-shift-lead enamagatsha angama-5-6.
Umanyolo
Ama-Walnuts afakwa kumakhompiyutha akhethekile noma ama-siderates, njenge-lupine, i-oats, isikhundla, uphizi. I-Siderata ihlwanyelwa emigqeni yomugqa ekugcineni kwehlobo futhi ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini ekwindla. Umanyolo wamaminerali kufanele usetshenziswe ngokucophelela, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande alukuthandi ukukhululwa. Umanyolo weNitrogen akufanele usetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuzala futhi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezincane, ngoba ungadala izifo zezitshalo. Futhi phosphorus-potash ubonwa kahle futhi andisa ukuzala. Esihlahleni esiphakathi nendawo, kudingeka ama-10 kg we-superphosphate, ama-6 kg we-ammonium nitrate, aze afike ku-3 kg kasawoti we-potassium, 10 kg we-ammonium sulfate ngonyaka. Kusetshenziswa umanyolo weNitrogen entwasahlobo, kanti okunye - ekwindla.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ukubala amabala ansundu noma iMarsoniasis - Isifo esiyingozi kakhulu se-walnut. Kuthinta amaqabunga, amantongomane, izithelo. Kuvela amabala ama-brown emaqabungeni, akhula ehlobo elinemvula. Amahlamvu awela, izithelo zihlala zivuthwe.
- Indlela yokulwa: Siqoqa futhi sishise amahlamvu awile, sinqume amagatsha awonakele. Kufanele futhi ufafaze umuthi nge-1% ye-Bordeaux ewuketshezi amahlandla ama-3-4 ngokuphumula kwamasonto ama-2. Futhi, kuhle ukusebenzisa isikhunta "Strobi", "Chorus", "Reed il Gold", njll.
Walnut inundu. Amacimbi ayo aluma enyameni yamaqabunga, enze buthaka umuthi.
- Indlela yokulwa: Ukuze ulwe nazo, udinga ukufafaza lesi sitshalo ngezinti ezihleliwe zezilimo zezithelo: IBombardir, iTanrek, Confidor, iCalypso.
Uvemvane omhlophe waseMelika.Amakhethini aqala ngokuhlala ku-spider webs, abese angena esihlahleni. Amacembe okulimaza namahlumela amasha.
- Indlela yokulwa: Uma izidleke zitholakala, kumele zisuswe zishiswe ngokushesha. Kungelashwa ngama-insecticides: i-Aktara, iCalypso, Confidor, njll.
I-Apple moth.Amakhethini adla ekuqaleni kukaJuni futhi adle imvuthuluka yezithelo ezisencane, emva kwalokho izithelo ziyawa.
- Indlela yokulwa: Kuyadingeka ukuphatha ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ngama-insecticides, njengasebhabhathane elimhlophe laseMelika.
Umbala onsundu ku-walnut 
Uvemvane omhlophe waseMelika 
I-Apple mothAma-aphid eze ngezindlela eziningi. Zidla ujusi wamaqabunga nama-elembu, futhi zenza buthaka i-nati.
- Indlela yokulwa: Emzabalazweni wokulwa nezibulala-zinambuzane ezinjenge-Decis 2.5 KE 0.025% uzosiza. Ngenkathi yokukhula, ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa, ngoba ama-aphid anezizukulwane ezimbili noma ngaphezulu phakathi ehlobo.
Inundu- inkathazo eyingozi kakhulu. Amakhethini athela izithelo ezincane, futhi ziwela ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Indlela yokulwa: Ukulawula inkathazo, kufakwa isembatho esiqwini se "bhande lokuzingela", eliqiniswa endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-30-50 kusuka emhlabathini. Le yi-tepi eyenziwe ngendwangu eminyene enobubanzi obungu-15-20 cm, kufakwa glue kuyo (ALT) kuyo. Uma kunezinambuzane eziningi kakhulu, ibhande liyashintsha, bese elidala lishiswe. Siphinde sifuze i-Decis 2.5 KE 0.025% noma iKarate 2.5 KE 0.1-0.15%.
Walnut Wart Mite. Isilokazane esincane (0,1 mm), ngenxa yokusebenza kwaso okulimazayo, kuvela izinhlobo ezifana nama warts emacembe. Ilimaza izitshalo ezincane.
- Indlela yokulwa: Ukuze ulwe nomkhaza, kufanele kusetshenziswe amalungiselelo akhethekile - ama-acaricides, ngokwesibonelo, iVermitec.
Lapho indala isihlahla se-walnut, siyanda isivuno sasoUkuzalela ama-walnut kukhula ngentshiseko, kanti izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha, ezinobusika obunzima, bokumelana nezifo, izinambuzane. Isibonelo, izinhlobo: Yarovskaya, Chernovetsky, Skinsky, Kozaku, kanye nezinhlobo ezikhula ekuqaleni, isibonelo, Okuhle, iBukovinsky-1 nezinye, eziqala ukuthela izithelo kakade ngonyaka wesi-2. Kepha lesi sihloko sihlukile.
Uma ingadi yakho ingakabi ne-walnut, qiniseka ukuyitshala. Ehlobo, emthunzini womqhele wakhe, ungacasha ekushiseni, futhi ebusika ujabulele izithelo ezimnandi nezinempilo. I-walnut ebabazekayo, engakhethi, nethambile ingaba umuthi wakho womndeni amakhulu eminyaka!
Ababhali: I-GreenMarket Blog
