Izimbali zokuhlala, izinganekwane ze-floristry kanye nezitshalo ezisetshenziselwa ingadi ngefomethi yasendlini manje sezisezingeni eliphakeme lokuthandwa. Izitshalo ezikhulayo ezinjengama-roses angaphakathi endlini, ama-gerberas, ama-eustomas, ama-hyacinths, ama-dahlias, ama-chrysanthemums ngisho nama-primroses akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Eqinisweni, izitshalo ezinjalo ziyahlanzeka futhi kwesinye isikhathi zikhulele kumagumbi wesizini eyodwa kuphela. Enye yalesi sitshalo semi-engaphakathi, esidinga ukubuyiselwa engadini, yi-lacy ubuhle astilba, efana nefu elinemibala. Ukuqhakaza kwayo okumangalisayo, okungalingani phakathi kwezinkanyezi ezijwayelekile zezimbali zamakamelo, kungenye yemibukiso emnandi futhi ekhexisayo.
Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali ze-Astilbe kungenye yezinto ezibukekayo kakhulu engadini noma egumbini.
Indoor Astilba - Indlovukazi yoMthunzi
I-Astilba ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi isitshalo. Idluliselwa ezimbizeni kuphela ngesimo futhi ikhule kuphela izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqhakaza okumnandi. Noma iyiphi i-astilbe engaphakathi kuyodingeka ukuthi itshalwe emhlabathini ukuze iphumule, kodwa-ke isihlahla ngasinye singasetshenziswa kaningi ukwedlula ukuqhuba ama-inflorescence abushelelezi.
Ama-Astilbe avela emashalofini ezitolo zezimbali ngaphambi kobusika, kepha ukukhetha okuphezulu kwezitshalo okuphoqelela kuzo kutholakala phakathi kwamaholide wasentwasahlobo nasentwasahlobo.
I-Astilbe iyisitshalo esimangazayo nesishintshashintshayo emndenini weSaxifrage. Ngohlobo lwazo nokuningi okuqhakaza izimbali, abukho obunye ubuciko bezimbali engadini obucintisana. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi i-astilba likhetha ukukhula emjondolo lenza lokhu kwe-perennial kuhluke ngokwengeziwe. Ama-Astilbe afakiwe kuwo wonke ama-TOP wezitshalo zasengadini ezinezimbali ezinhle.
Njengesitshalo esingaphakathi endlini, i-astilbe ingumhlobiso wesikhathi esithile, i-analogue ebukekayo yokuqhakaza "yezimbali zokuhlala", oxoshwa ngenxa yokuqhakaza ngezikhathi ezithile, bese itshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Kuhlala kungapheli, kepha kudinga ukukhula hhayi kuphela ezimbizeni.
Lesi simo silinganisa kakhulu inqubo ekhulayo futhi sinciphisa umkhawulo: akubona bonke abalimi bezimbali abakwazi ukukhokhela i-astilbe engadini yezimbali enomthunzi ngemuva kwenkathi yangaphakathi. Vele, ungavele usiphonse lesi sitshalo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali. Kepha njengoba sikhuluma ngama-perennials abalulekile futhi anempilo ahlala isikhathi eside, kungcono ukukhulisa i-astilbe njengesiko lamagumbi engadini.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-astilbe?
Ukubonakala kwe-astilbe kuyinto ye-regal. Lesi sitshalo esiqinile, esingenakungabaza, esihlobisa konke ngamahlamvu kanye nezimbali. Amaqabunga amathathu noma ahlakazeke kabili, afana nentambo yokunethezeka, onqenqemeni olufiphele olufiphele ezindongeni, amaqabunga apendwe ngethoni eluhlaza ecebile futhi abukeka emfashini eyedwa.
Ukukhanya okugqamile kwamaqabunga aqoshwe e-astilbe kubonakala kumangalisa ukuthungwa kwawo nomhlobiso wawo, kugcizelela futhi ubuhle bokuluhlaza. Empeleni, ngenxa yobuhle bamaqabunga nobuso bawo obucwebezelayo, lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso elithile (lisuselwa esiGrekini elithi "brilliant"). Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo afana kuphela nama-ferns, futhi ikakhulukazi ngombala wawo wombala.
Ama-Astilbe emvelweni nasezivandeni ayakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-inflorescence aze afike kumamitha ayi-2. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi, lezi zihlahla ezihlangene zamamitha acwebile. Noma ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-engilbe ye-engilbe, ukuphakama kwesiqu sezimbali kukhawulelwe kumasentimitha angama-60. I-Astilbe, lapho ukhetha izinto zokutshala ezifanele, yakha izihlahla ezihle kakhulu, eziwugqinsi, ezinamaqabunga acishe abe nobubanzi obungama-40 cm, abukeka emangalisa futhi emangalisa.
Ama-inflilcence e-Astilbe ngesimo samabhulashi e panicle aqashelwa kalula. Izinhlobo ezikhanyayo kakhulu nezingajwayelekile kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa ifomethi yekamelo, imvamisa ama-inflorescence ezitshalo ezethulwe ezitolo zezimbali akhonjiswa hhayi ngokuqondile, kepha ngezindlela zoku drooping. Kuqoqwa izinkulungwane zezimbali ze-astilbe ezincane, eziqongweni zeziqu ku-inflorescences eyinkimbinkimbi yamabhulashi, kufana nebhulashi elimnyama. Umphumela we-fluffy, ongenasisindo we-inflorescences uthuthukisa umbala wabo omsulwa, ohlanganisa ukuhlukahlukahluka okuhlukahlukene kwe-gamut emhlophe-ene-pastel shades enhle yamathoni apinki nabomvu.
Izikhathi zezimbali ze-astilbe ezingadini zihlangana kanye nenani lesikhathi sonyaka - midsummer. Ngokwesiko elingaphakathi endlini, i-astilbe yisitshalo esinezimbali zobusika, oxoshwa ikakhulukazi ngokuqhakaza phakathi nobusika obuphakathi nobusika noma ngamaholide okuqala entwasahlobo.
Lapho ukhula i-astilbe egumbini, kungcono ukunikela ukukhetha ezitsheni ezincane.
Izinhlobo ze-astilbe zasendlini
Njengesiko lasekamelweni, kukhule kuphela izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlobonhlobo zezinkanyezi, kepha amahlamvu amahle kakhulu nokukhethwa kwemibala.
Kuyathandwa ngokuphelele phakathi kwe-astilbe yangaphakathi I-Astilba Japanese (I-Astilbe japonica) Kulesi simo, hhayi izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhethiwe ukuze zilinywe, kepha izinhlobo ezintsha ze-hybrid zosayizi ocwebile kakhulu, zigxile kakhulu ohlelweni lombala olufunayo lwama-inflorescences.
I-Astilba yaseJapan ihlukaniswa nobukhulu be-inflorescence, okuthi, ngosayizi onesizotha xaxa - kufika ku-10-15 cm kuphela, obonakala umkhulu kakhulu kunakwezinye izinhlobo. Cishe i-rhombic ngesimo, iqinile, i-kuvutia, i-inflorescences ikakhulukazi ngokugqamile ngokukhanyayo ngamaqabunga anamaqabunga aphindwe kabili. Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwalolu hlobo lwe-astilbe kukhawulelwe isigamu semitha (ezitshalweni zasengadini - 80 cm).
Futhi kusiko lekamelo basebenzisa izinhlobo ezihlangene kakhulu zezintandokazi zensimu - Ama-Astilba Arends (I-Astilbe x arendsii, izinhlobo zama-Arends group noma ama-Arends nzalo). Ama-inflorescence aminyene futhi acwebezelayo ngendlela yamabhulashi amakhethini ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile ahluka ngombala nobukhulu, ukuma nobukhulu. Amahlamvu amnyama, acwebezelayo emabhodweni adala imicamelo eminyene, ekuvumela ukuthi ukwazise ngokuphelele ubuhle balesi zinhlobo. Ukuphakama kwe-Arends astilbe kumabhodwe kusuka ku-35 kuye ku-50 cm.
Ungazama ezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, kepha yi-astilba yaseJapan nezinhlobonhlobo zeqembu lama-Arends elizituse ngokwalo umhlabeleli wenhlabathi.
I-Astilbe Japanese (i-Astilbe japonica).
Ama-Astilbe Arends (i-Astilbe x arendsii).
Thenga noma uphathe i-astilbe kusuka engadini uye emagumbini
Kuthengiswa i-astilbe esetshenzisiwe, esevele ivunyelwe ukulinyelwa endlini, kuvame kakhulu. Ukukhetha isitshalo esinempilo esinamahlumela aqinile, ngaphandle kokutholwa kokulimala emaqabungeni, ngombala omusha, wombala ogcwele, hhayi umhlabathi owomile noma omanzi, osezingeni lokuhluma noma ukuqala kwezimbali akunzima kangako. Into esemqoka ukungakhohlwa ukubheka ukuthi isitshalo sihlala siqinile kangakanani emhlabathini.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, ezimweni eziningi, izitshalo zasengadini zidluliselwa kwifomethi yekamelo. I-Indilor astilbe itholakala kuphela ngezindlela ze-vegetative - ukwahlukaniswa kwezihlahla zabantu abadala. Ngokwesiko elingaphakathi, kusetshenziswa izithombo ezikhula endaweni yazo noma ezithengiswayo ezikhungweni zengadi. Ngempela noma yiliphi ibanga eliphansi le-astilbe kufanelekile, udinga ukulawula ipharamitha eyodwa kuphela - ubudala bezitshalo.
I-astilbe kuphela kusuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuya kwengama-3 ubudala elungele ukuthwala esikweni elingaphakathi.
Uma izitshalo zimbiwa engadini, khona-ke izihlahla zihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana ezingangena ezitsheni ezilingana ngobukhulu. Ngokuvamile i-astilbe engaphakathi ikhiqiza cishe ama-inflorescence angama-6-7, i-Delenki kubo ithatha okuncane kakhulu kunangesikhathi isasaza izitshalo zasengadini, ingashiyi ama-3-5, kepha ama-5-8 e-buds ngakunye.
Isendlalelo neziqukathi ze-astilbe yangaphakathi
Uma i-astilbe yangaphakathi ithengwa ukuqhuma, "ukulungele", ukufakelwa kwabo kuyinqubo engathandeki. Isitshalo sizosebenzisa amandla ekuzivumelaniseni, isikhathi sezimbali sizoncishiswa size kube buhle futhi ubuhle obugcwele be-astilbe ebunjiwe abunakulinganiswa. Ngakho-ke, ama-astilbas avela ezitolo zezimbali ngemuva kwenkathi yokuhlukaniswa okuphoqayo afakwa nje emigqonyeni yokuhlobisa noma ezinye izindlela zokuhlobisa iziqongo zisetshenzisiwe. Ukufakwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa enhlabathini. Kepha izitshalo ezidluliselwa engadini noma ezithengiwe e-Delenki zidinga ukukhethwa okuyikho zombili iziqeshana neziqukathi.
Isendlalelo se-astilbe yangaphakathi kufanelekile kunoma iyiphi indawo. Umhlabathi omile, onomsoco, ongathathi hlangothi noma one-acidic reaction (pH 5.5-6.5) ulungile impela. Uma ingxube yenhlabathi ilungiswa ngokuzimela, khona-ke isihlabathi, i-humus nenhlabathi enosawoti kuxutshwe ngokulingana okulinganayo noma ingxube yomhlaba enziwe ngezingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi enamaqabunga, inhlabathi enodaka nekhompiyenti enengxenye yesihlabathi.
Izitshalo ze-astilbe zasendlini azitshalwa emabeleni amakhulu noma ezitsheni. Ukuze izitshalo ziveze ubuhle obugcwele bezimbali, zisebenzisa i-Delenki noma izithombo eziqinile ezingakhula ezitsheni ezinobubanzi obungu-12 kuya ku-15 cm. Kuzo iziqukathi ezinjalo, ama-rhizomes ngeke akhule abe yingozi ekungagcini kokuqhakaza kuphela, kodwa futhi nesisindo seqabunga.
Iziqukathi ezinkulu zizobangela ukuthi izitshalo zivumelane nesikhathi eside, zikhule izimpande, ziqhakaze kancanyana, zingagcini ukuqina futhi, ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obukhulu, zizobukeka zingcolile. Kuyiqiniso, uma kubamba ukushisa okuphezulu noma engadini yasebusika, ungatshala i-astilbe ezitsheni ezibanzi kakhulu, kepha umphumela wedili ophilayo kuleli cala ngeke ulondolozwe. Okuhlukile kuhlangene nezingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifuyweni eziphakeme, ezibanzi ezivela ezinhlotsheni zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
Nge-astilbe yegumbi, isendlalelo sendawo yonke kufanelekile.
Ukutshala nokuphoqa i-astilbe
Ukutshala esitsheni se-distillation, ukuthwala kusuka engadini noma ukuthenga izithombo ze-astilbe kwenziwa kahle maphakathi nekwindla - kusuka eshumini lesithathu likaSepthemba kuya eminyakeni eyishumi yesithathu ka-Okthoba. Ngaphansi kweziqukathi kumele kubekwe ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi. Izithombo zisethwe ezitsheni, zigcwalisa ngokucophelela i-substrate futhi zizame ukunciphisa ukuxhumana nezimpande. Izinga lokujula kwezihlahla ligcinwa ngendlela efanayo njengoba lalinjalo engadini. Uqede ngokufika ngokunisela.
Inqubo yokuphoqa i-astilbe iqukethe izigaba eziningana:
- Ngokushesha nje emva kokutshala, izitshalo abahlela ukuzikhulisa njengezitshalo zasendlini, zibekwa egumbini elipholile kunazo zonke emthunzini olulinganisiwe. Ukuswakama kwenhlabathi kugcinwa kungakhanyi kahle. Izitshalo zivikela kokungakapheli, umoya owomile, amazinga okushisa ashisa kakhulu kanye nokomisa okuphelele kwenhlabathi.
- Ubusika obubandayo buyadingeka ukulingisa isikhathi esimanzi. Ama-Astilbe ngoDisemba noma ngoJanuwari aguqulwa kokuqukethwe okwomile nokubandayo, kwehlise izinga lokushisa libe ngu-12 degrees degrees Celsius. Ngezansi kwama-degree ayi-10, izinga lokushisa akufanele lihle. Ezitshalweni ezipholile kusale kuze kukhule amahlumela amasha.
- Isigaba esifudumele sokukhula kwezimbali siqala ngokushesha nje lapho isitshalo sesiqala ukukhula. I-Astilbe kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo, enomoya ophakeme, evikelekile elangeni eliqondile. Ukushisa ohlelweni lwezinkomba zegumbi elijwayelekile kufanelekile impela, yize ama-astilba eziqhakaza kahle uma kugcinwa izinkomba kusuka kuma-18 kuye kwangama-21 degrees. Uma ufuna ukufezekisa izimbali ezisheshayo, lesi sitshalo ngaphambi kokuthuthwa amahora ayi-12 sicwiliswa emanzini ngeqondo lokushisa elingama-degree angama-25, bese uvumela umswakama owedlulele ukuthi ukhiphe ngokuphelele. Ungasheshisa izilungiselelo namalungiselelo akhethekile - okuphoqelelwa kwezimbali, ezifafazwe ngamahlumela. Okwamanje, i-astilbe kufanele inakekelwe njalo:
- kwizitshalo, ukunisela kuyaqaliswa futhi, kugcina umswakama ozinzile we-substrate futhi kuvunyelwe kuphela ungqimba oluphezulu ukuba lome, kepha kugwenywe ukweqisa;
- ukufafaza nsuku zonke noma ukufakwa kwama-humidifiers kufakwa ohlelweni lokunakekelwa ukuze kulondolozwe okungenani izinkomba ezi-avareji, kepha ezizinzile zomswakama womoya.
- Kuyo yonke inkathi yokuhluma nokuqhakaza kwe-astilbe zama ukugcina amazinga okushisa azinza. Ama-perennials adinga ukufinyelela njalo komoya ohlanzekile, kepha asaba okubhaliwe. Uma kubanda kakhulu igumbi, kuzoba nesikhathi eside ukuqhakaza kwezinkanyezi. Ukunakekela i-astilbe yegumbi eligelezayo kwehluka kancane ekunakekeleni noma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezimbali eziningi zonyaka:
- njalo emavikini amabili izitshalo zenza ukugqoka okuphezulu, zisebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo kumthamo ochazwe ngumenzi;
- ukuchelela kwenziwa ngokwesikimu esedlule, kugcina umswakama wokukhanya okuzinzile, uvimbele inhlabathi ukuthi ingoma ngaphambi kokuphela kwezimbali;
- ama-inflorescence aqothulayo namaqabunga owomile asikiwe.
Lapho uthenga i-astilbe yezimbali esitolo, kufanele ungayifakeliUkufakelwa kwe-Astilba engadini
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izihlahla ze-astilbe akufanele zishiywe emabhodweni isikhathi eside. Ama-inflorescence omile anqunywa ezitshalweni futhi iziqukathi zidluliselwa ekupholiseni okukhulu okungenzeka (okungenani ama-degree Celsius ayi-10). Ukukhanyisa kushiywe kungashintshiwe noma kwehliswe kancane kancane, kugcinwe ukuhamba kahle komoya.
Ngemuva kwesonto noma okungenani izinsuku ezingama-4-5 zokuzivumelanisa namazinga okushisa aphansi, i-astilbe ingathathwa iyiswa engadini ukuze isetshenziselwe umoya omusha futhi ivumelane nezimo zomhlaba ovulekile.
Izitshalo, ngokushesha nje lapho isimo sezulu kanye nokushisa kwasebusuku kuvumela (udinga ukugwema usongo lwamaconsi ngaphansi kwama-degree Celsius), atshalwe emibhedeni yezimbali noma embhedeni ngamunye. Engadini ye-astilbe khetha umthunzi, uvikeleke endaweni yesikhulumi somoya enekhwalithi ephezulu, enempilo futhi evulekile. Ehlobo, amakhasi aniselwa ngesikhathi sesomiso, emhlabathini ompofu - ondliwe izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuphindaphindwa kokuphindaphindwa kwezihlahla ezifanayo ze-astilbe, ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo eziningi zasensimini ezihamba ziye emakamelweni, kwamukeleka ngokuphelele. Izitshalo eziye zathola isisindo esihle semifino zingadluliselwa ebhodweni futhi phakathi nekwindla yonyaka wamanje. Kunenqubo eyodwa kuphela eyisibopho - ukuhlukanisa izihlahla ezingxenyeni ezimbili okungenani.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-astilbe yangaphakathi
I-astilbe ye-Indoor ibhekwa njengemelana ngokuphelele nezilokazane nezifo. Kunobungozi bokusebenzisa noma ukuthenga isitshalo esinegciwane esilimele engadini noma esikhungweni sezimbali, kanye nokulahleka kwesihlahla ngenxa yokusabalala kokubola ngesikhathi sokugcwala kwamanzi.
Uma kunezimpawu zokutheleleka, udinga ukulungisa ukunakekelwa bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-fungicides noma ama-insecticides. Lapho isidluliselwa enhlabathini evulekile, izitshalo ziyahlolwa futhi izingxenye ezilimele ziyasuswa.
