I-Delphinium (Delphinium) iyisitshalo se-herbaceous minyaka yonke noma esidla esiphundu esivela emndenini weLyutikov, sihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-450 ezahlukahlukene kuhlobo lwaso. Abantu babiza imbali ngokuthi nge-spur noma nge-larkpur. Isiko selidlangile ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika, eChina futhi cishe kulo lonke elaseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia. Igama lalesi sitshalo livela edolobheni lamaGrikhi iDelphi, lapho izimbali zikhula khona ngamanani amakhulu. Kepha abatshali bezimbali abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isiko ekuhluma ngalo lifana nekhanda lhlengethwa, yingakho igama.
Izici zokukhula kwe-delphinium
Ngaphandle kolwazi oluthile namakhono ku-floriculture, ukukhula izimbali ezinhle ze-delphinium ngeke kube lula. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake konke okuthandwayo kwesitshalo esiqhakazayo lapho utshala, ukhula futhi unakekela. Ukwenza kahle wonke "ama-vagaries" wesitshalo, ungajabulela ukuqhakaza okude futhi okucwazimulayo kuyo yonke inkathi yehlobo.
- Indawo okufika kuyo kufanele ibe sendaweni evulekile nelanga.
- Imibala idinga isivikelo esithembekile emimoyeni enamandla yomoya.
- AmaDolphiniums awakwazi ukutshalwa endaweni enamanzi amaningi, ezindaweni eziphansi kanye nokusondela kwamanzi aphansi komhlaba.
- Ukuba khona kwesendlalelo esivikelekile se-humus noma i-peat ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala kuyimpoqo.
- Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-4-5, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe indawo yokulinyelwa.
- Iziqu ezintekenteke zingaqhuma ngenxa yomoya onamandla, ngakho-ke izimbali (ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezinde nezinhlobonhlobo) zidinga i-garter.
- Izindlela zokuvimbela ngesikhathi ngokulwa ne-Powdery isikhutha nezinambuzane ezingaba khona zibaluleke kakhulu.
Ukukhula i-delphinium kusuka ezinhlanyelweni
Ukuhlwanyela dolphinium
Ukuze uthole izithombo ezikhulu futhi ezisezingeni eliphakeme ze-delphinium, kuyadingeka ukugcina kahle izinto zokutshala noma ukuhlwanyela imbewu esanda kuvuniwa. Kunconywa ukuthi imbewu igcinwe kuphela ezindaweni ezinomswakama futhi ezipholile (ngokwesibonelo, esiqandisini). Ukuhluma kwehliswa kakhulu uma imbewu igcinwe endaweni eyomile neyifudumele.
Imbewu ngaphambi kokutshala zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane, kodwa okuphoqelelayo. Ukuze kutholakale amagciwane, afakwa esikhwameni se-gauze futhi afakwe kusisombululo se-manganese (noma kunoma yisiphi isikhunta) imizuzu engama-20-25, bese esehlanzwa ngaphansi kwamanzi abandayo agobhozayo abekwe kwesinye isixazululo sosuku (ngokususelwa ku-Epin). Ingilazi yamanzi izodinga amaconsi ama-3-4 womuthi. Ngemuva kwayo yonke inqubo, imbewu yomiswa futhi ihlwanyelwe. Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyelwa yiviki lokugcina likaFebhuwari.
Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi
Ingxube yenhlabathi, enezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-peat, umquba, inhlabathi yengadi, isihlabathi somfula (uhhafu wengxenye), i-perlite (ye-5 l - 1/2 inkomishi), nayo kufanele ibulawe amagciwane ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kugcinwa kubhavu wamanzi ihora elilodwa, bese kuvunyelwe ukupholisa bese ugcwalisa iziqukathi zokufika.
Ukutshala imbewu nezimo
Umhlabathi osebhokisini lokufika kumele unyathelwe kalula. Imbewu ye-Delphinium isatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe ngaphezulu kobuso, ifafazwe ngesendlalelo somhlaba esincanyana (ingabi ngaphezu kuka-3 mm) futhi ihlanganiswe kancane. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, kunconyelwa ukufafaza ingaphezulu kusuka kufafaza elihle ngamanzi abilisiwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni bese wakhe ikhava yengilazi nezinto ezibonakalayo ezimnyama phezulu. Izimo zobumnyama zinomthelela ekuqubukeni okusheshayo kwezithombo. Kubalulekile ukumanzisa inhlabathi njalo bese unika amandla okutshala.
Izitsha zokufakelwa zingabekwa efasiteleni. I-stratization izosiza ukusheshisa ukubukeka kwezithombo ze-delphinium amaviki angu-1-2. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukubeka amabhokisi enezinhlamvu izinsuku ezingama-3-4 endaweni ebandayo - esiqandisini, kuvulandi okhanyayo, i-veranda. Ngemuva kokuvela, ifilimu emnyama kufanele isuswe ngokushesha. Ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko ukuchelela, ukufafaza kanye nomoya.
Izithombo ze Delphinium
Lapho amapheshana wangempela angama-2-3 akha ezitshalweni ezincane ze-delphinium, ungashona. Izimbali zidluliselwa ezitsheni ngazinye ezinomthamo we-200-300 ml futhi ziqukethe ekushiseni okungama-degree angama-20. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kokuhlwanyelwa, kubalulekile ukubheka ngokulinganisa ukunisela, njengoba ukhipha izingcekeza ezintekenteke ze-delphinium zingangenwa umlenze omnyama. Lesi sifo sizobhubhisa amasiko angavuthiwe.
Inhlabathi esembizeni yezimbali kufanele ihlale ivulekile futhi idlulise umoya namanzi kahle. Ngemuva kwesimo sezulu esifudumele esisunguliwe (ekuqaleni kukaMeyi), kunconyelwa ukujwayela kancane kancane izithombo emoyeni omusha nokukhanya kwelanga.
Ukuze uqinise ukungatheleleki, izithombo ezincane zondliwa izikhathi ezi-2 ngaphambi kokudluliselwa endaweni evulekile ngokunqunyelwa kwezinsuku eziyi-15. Njengomanyolo, ungasebenzisa i-Agricola noma Isixazululo. Isixazululo akufanele siwele engxenyeni yeqabunga yezitshalo.
Ukufika kwe-Delphinium
Emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo ze-delphinium zitshalwa kanye nesigaxa sobumba, esiqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengxenye yezimpande. Ukujula komgodi wokufika cishe ku-50 cm, ububanzi bungama-40 cm, ibanga phakathi kokwehla lingu-60-70 cm.
Imbobo ngayinye yokungena kufanele igcwaliswe ngenhlanganisela yomquba noma i-humus (isigamu sebhakede elikhulu), umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali (2 wezipuni), umlotha wezinkuni (1 ingilazi). Ngemuva kokutshala izithombo, umhlaba uhlanganiswa kancane futhi uniselwe. Isikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu, kunconywa ukumboza izithombo ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elitshaliwe noma ngesitsha sengilazi.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle kweDolphin
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ukugqoka kokuqala okuphezulu kufakwa lapho izitshalo ezincane zikhula cishe ngo-10 cm. Umquba wezinkomo oxutshwe namanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-10 singasetshenziswa njengomanyolo. Cishe ama-2 l womanyolo azodingeka ehlathini ngalinye.
Ukugqoka kwesibili okuphezulu kwe-delphinium kwenziwa ngenkathi kwenziwa ama-inflorescences. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, udinga ukwenza ilitha elilodwa lomanyolo we-phosphorus-potassium. Ku-10 l wamanzi engeza u-20 g wezakhi.
Ukufika nokuncipha kokwehla
I-mulch kusuka ku-peat noma i-humus isetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokususa ukhula nenhlabathi. Ubukhulu besendlalelo se-mulching cishe amasentimitha amathathu. Ukucwiywa kwezihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali kwenziwa lapho zifinyelela ukuphakama okungama-20-30 cm. Kunconywe ukususa wonke amahlumela angenamandla ngaphakathi kwesihlahla. Akufanele kube ngaphezu kweziqu ezi-5. Le nqubo ikhuthaza ukuhamba kahle komoya nokubukeka kwama-inflorescences amakhulu. Izilimo ezisele ngemuva kokuncipha zingasetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kabusha.
Garter
Ukuphakama kwezikhonkwane noma izinduku ezisekelayo okungenani kuyinto eyi-1.5 m. Isigqoko sezitshalo zedolphinium senziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Isikhathi sokuqala lapho isihlahla sikhula cishe ngamasentimitha angama-50, nesesibili singaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1. Ukuvimbela ukuthi iziqu zehlengethwa zingonakaliswa lapho zibopha, kunconywa ukusebenzisa imicu yendwangu noma iribhoni enobubanzi okungenani be-1 cm.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela nge-delphinium ngesikhathi nangendlela evamile ezinsukwini ezomile zasehlobo, kanye nangesikhathi sokwenza ama-inflorescence, kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngesonto. Esihlangeni ngasinye sezimbali, kuzodingeka amabhakede ama-2-3 amanzi. Phakathi kokunisela kunconywa ukuba kukhululwe inhlabathi.
Ukuzalwa kweDolphinium
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ekusakazweni kwembali ye-delphinium, kusetshenziswa izihlahla ezineminyaka emithathu noma emine. Hlukanisa isihlahla ekwindla yokuqala ngommese obukhali. Izindawo zokusika zifafazwa ngomlotha wokhuni noma namalahle ocushiwe, emva kwalokho atshalwe emibhedeni yezimbali.
I-Delphinium ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
I-Delphinium yisiko elivimbela isithwathwa, kepha alizukubekezelela ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa. Kungakho isikhathi sobusika kunconywa ukumboza ingadi yezimbali ngamagatsha e-spruce noma utshani. Ngaphambi kokumboza, imiphetho ye-delphinium iyanqunywa, ishiye cishe ama-30 cm, kanti izihloko zeziqu eziyize zimbozwe ngodaka.
Ukuthola imiphumela elindelwe engadini yakho noma engadini yezimbali, ungesabi ngenkinga engadingekile futhi ushiye isikhathi esichithwe. Imizamo, ukukhuthazela kanye nokuzikhandla kuzokwenza ukuqhuma kube mnandi futhi kube nemibala.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izifo ezinokwenzeka ze-delphinium zingama-Powamy isikhutha, zimnyama futhi zibona izindandatho. Izimpawu zabo ngopende olumhlophe, amabala aphuzi noma amnyama emaqabungeni. Izifo zokukhunta zingabhubhisa sonke isihlahla uma ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngesikhathi. Ukuze ufafaze sebenzisa amalungiselelo "Fundazol" no "Topaz". Ukucutshungulwa kwezimbali zezimbali kwenziwa kabili ngokunqunyelwa kwamasonto amabili.
Lapho kuqala ukubonwa kwamnyama, kuthathwa isixazululo se-tetracycline. Ilungiselelwe kusuka 1 litre lamanzi kanye nethebhulethi eyodwa ye-tetracycline.
Ukubuka izindandatho kungalashwa; wonke amahlathi athelelekile kufanele abhujiswe ngokuphelele.
Izinambuzane ezingaba khona ze-delphinium zingama-aphid, ama-slugs, kanye ne-delphinium fly. Njenge-prophylaxis emelana nokuvela kwama-aphid, kunconyelwa ukufafazwa nge "Actellicum" noma "Cabofos". Iqanda elibeka amaqanda ezimbali zezimbali libhujiswa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile wezinambuzane. Ungasusa ama-slugs ngezindlela zabantu. Isibonelo, abakubekezeleli ukuhogela kwe-bleach, okungahle kuhlelwe izimbiza ezincane bese kubekwa phakathi kwezihlahla eziqhakazayo.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-delphinium
Insimu yeDelphinium (Delphinium Consolida) - Izinhlobonhlobo ezinde - zonyaka, ezifinyelela ku-2 m ukuphakama. Isikhathi sezimbali eside - kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya kuSepthemba. Iphalethi lemibala liqukethe imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-lilac, epinki nemhlophe. Amanye ama-inflorescence adwetshwa ngokushesha ngemibala emibili - ngokwesibonelo, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe. Izimbali zilula futhi zimbili.
I-Ajax Delphinium - Uhlobo olu-hybrid lonyaka owodwa olutholwe ngokuwela iDelphinium "East" ne "Ukungabaza." Ukuphakama kwesiqu okujwayelekile kungama-40-90 cm, ubude be-spike-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, opinki, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye no-violet buba ngamasentimitha angama-30. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sihlala kusuka ekuqaleni kwesizini yehlobo kuya kumaqabunga okuqala ekwindla.
I-Delphinium emide futhi Enkulu Izimbali - ama-perennials, ngemuva kokuwela ukuthi iyiphi izinhlobo ezi-hybrid "Barlow", "Beladonna", "Perfect" nezinhlobo eziningana zetrys ezine-shades eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezinsomi.
Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-delphiniums, ungathola amasiko amade futhi amancanyana, amasiko alula futhi aphindwe kabili, ahlala ehlukahlukana emigodini yezimbali nobukhazikhazi bama-inflorescences. Endaweni yemvelaphi, ama-nzalo ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu waseNew Zealand naseMarfins ngezinzuzo zawo siqu nezimpawu. Zinezinga elehlukile lokuhlobisa, ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezulu kanye nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane. AbakwaDelphiniums bathole ukuthandwa okuhle phakathi kwabaqambi besithelo nabadwebuli bemvelo ngokuqina kwabo, ukungathobeki kwabo kanye nemibala ebanzi yemibala.
