UClarkia (Clarkia) uqhamuka eNyakatho Melika, ukhula kahle eChile. Lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso sibonga kumholi wezokuvakasha, uWilliam Clark, owaletha eYurophu izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezivela emazweni aseNyakatho Melika, kubandakanya nalesi sihlahla esiqhakaza.
IClarkia iyi-shrub yonyaka, ineziqu eziqonde kahle ezinezinwele futhi ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-50-80. Ingxenye engezansi yesiqu iba lukhuni ngasekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhula. Isikhathi sezimbali siqala ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe, eziwolintshi nezimpinki ezinezimbali ezine. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, uClarkia usakaza ngokuzitshala.
Ukusakazeka nokutshala izithombo ze-clarkia
Ukusakazeka kweClarkia kwenzeka ngendlela eyodwa kuphela - ngembewu, ngoba isitshalo siba minyaka yonke futhi izinkathi zezimbali nokwenziwa kwembewu kwenzeka ngenkathi efudumele.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile
Lapho nje uhlwanyela imbewu, ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sezimbali kuzoqala. Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla, i-clarkia iqala ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Uma utshala imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile ngenyanga yokugcina yasentwasahlobo, uClarkia uzoqhakaza kuphela ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaJulayi. Ithuba lokutshala imbewu ngqo ezweni lakho laphakade lisusa ukubekelwa phansi, ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kusheshe futhi kube isikhathi eside.
Ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo sengadi sokutshala siqukethe ukugaya ngokucophelela inhlabathi, ukuqeda lonke utshani bokhula nokwenza ukugqokwa okuphezulu kokugqokwa ngendlela ye-granular (noma i-humus) enhlabathini. Isigaba esilandelayo yigrooves (okungenani amasentimitha amathathu ububanzi). Bahlwanyela imbewu futhi bayichoboze ngomhlaba (ubukhulu bokunwebeka - kungabi ngamasentimitha amabili), ungahlanganisa inhlabathi kancane. Ngokuncipha okuncane kokushisa komoya, izithombo zizizwa zisejwayelekile.
Ukutshala imbewu yezithombo
Ukuze ukhule izithombo, imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ama-Clarkia terry hybrids anconywa ukuthi akhule kusuka kuzithombo. Ungasebenzisa izinkomishi ezincane zezithombo noma amaphilisi we-peat. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngokukhula kwezithombo ingxenye yezimpande ikhula kahle, bese ingalimali lapho isitshalo sidluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Izithombo zinomthelela ekusindeni okungcono kwama-clarkia endaweni entsha kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali zakuqala.
Lapho ukhula izithombo ezitsheni noma emabhokisini okutshala, udinga ukunakekela ingxube enhle yenhlabathi. Ukwakheka kwalo: ingxenye eyodwa ye-humus, isihlabathi somfula ne-peat, kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba onamaqabunga. Zonke hlanganisa ngokucophelela bese ugcwalisa amabhokisi okusika. Isixazululo pinki se-potanganum permanganate sizosiza ukukhipha inhlabathi yomhlabathi olungiselelwe, kunconywa ukunisela ingxube yenhlabathi ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Imbewu itshalwe emiseleni enobukhulu obungamasentimitha amabili, ichotshozwe nomhlaba futhi ifafazwe ngesifutho sokufafaza. Amabhokisi kufanele ambozwe ngefilimu esobala cishe amasonto ayi-1.5-2. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbewu izoqhuma, ifilimu lisuswe.
Imithetho yokunisela izithombo
Ukunisela kujwayelekile, kepha akukuningi. Inhlabathi kumele ihlale imanzi kancane. Kuyelulekwa ukufafaza izitshalo ezincane ngamanzi, okushisa kuzo kungaba ngu-25-27 degrees.
Isidingo sokukhanya
Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, izitshalo zizoqala ukwelula. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zomsebenzi omfishane wosuku.
Inqubo yokungena ngemvume
Izithombo zokungena nge-pinching ziyenziwa lapho zifinyelela ukuphakama okungamasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibe namandla futhi sibe ngamagatsha.
Qaphela umlimi!Izinhlobo ze-Clarkia hybrid azidingi ukukhethwa futhi azinakubekezelela ukufakelwa. Izilimo ezinde kakhulu zezithombo ezincane kufanele ziklanywe ngokucophelela ngaphandle kokulimaza "omakhelwane".
Ukutshala kweClarkiria endaweni evulekile
Isonto lokugcina likaMeyi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala i-clarkia emibhedeni evulekile, kepha ngamabhasi akhule kakhulu, le nqubo ingahlehliswa ezinsukwini ezingama-7 000 phambilini. Ukwehla okufushane kokushisa komoya ngeke kuzilimaze izitshalo ezincane.
Isihlabathi, i-humus kanye ne-peat kumele kufakwe endaweni ekhethiwe uma inhlabathi ekuyo ingenantethe. Izitshalo zihanjiswa emigodini engashoni kanye nesigaxa sobumba bese zifafazwa ngomhlaba ukuze iphuzu lokukhula lihlale lisondele ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukujula okuqinile kuzovikela lesi sitshalo ekuqhakambeni futhi kuholele ekuncipheni.
Ukukhetha indawo kaClarkia yokuhlala
IClarkia ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezinokulungiswa, ukukhanya kwelanga kanye nomthunzi oyingxenye. Inhlabathi ye-clarkia ivundile futhi ilula. Lokhu kuzoba nomthelela ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo, kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside. Emhlabathini onobumba obunzima, imbali izizwa imbi ngokwengeziwe, kanti nenhlabathi ene-acidic yalesi shrub ngokuvamile iyaphikiswa.
Ukunakekelwa Kwangaphandle KweClarkia
Ukunisela
Imvamisa kanye nevolumu yokunisela kuya ngemvamisa yezulu. Ungenza ngaphandle kokunisela ngesikhathi sasehlobo esihle kanye nezimvula ezivame. Ngezinye izinsuku, ukuchelela uClarkia kunconywa ngokulinganisela ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ingaphezulu yomile. Umswakama owedlulele emhlabathini ungaholela ekuboshweni kwezimpande. Ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye, kuyadingeka ukukhulula inhlabathi eduze kwesitshalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba okuhle komoya, uhlelo oluyimpande olufisayo lwe-clarkia. Amanzi wokunisela akufanele awele eziqongweni zesitshalo esinezimbali, ngoba lokhu kuzoba nomthelela omubi ukubukeka kwawo.
Umswakama
Izinga lomswakama lokukhula kahle kwesihlahla liyisilinganiso esidingekayo. Umswakama ophezulu, owakhiwa ngemuva kwezimvula ezinamandla ezinde kanye nenkungu enkulu, kuzohola ukuvela kwezifo ezahlukahlukene (isibonelo, ukubola okungwevu).
Isicelo somanyolo
Umanyolo olinganiselayo futhi ophephile ezinambuzaneni ezizuzisayo, okuhloselwe izitshalo zezimbali ezingadi, uvame ukusetshenziswa enhlabathini kanye noma kabili njalo ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amathathu.
Izingcwecwe eziminyene
Ukutshala okuminyene kudinga ukuncishiswa ngesikhathi, kushiye ibanga okungenani amasentimitha ayi-15 phakathi kwezitshalo. Igebe elinjalo lizovumela isihlahla ukuthi singabi mude nje kuphela, kodwa futhi sibe sicwengekile.
Clarkia ngemuva kwezimbali
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali zesitshalo sonyaka kuqediwe, kunconyelwa ukuqeda izinhlamvu ezonakele noma ezigulayo, bambe inhlabathi emhlabeni bese ulindela ukuba izitshalo ezintsha zibonakale ukuthi ziyatshala.
Ukuvunwa Kwembewu yeClarkia
Ukuvimbela imbewu ukuthi ingangeni enhlabathini, kubalulekile ukubeka isikhwama sendwangu ebhokisini ngembewu kusengaphambili (cishe inyanga nesigamu ngaphambi kokuba imbewu ivuthwe) bese uyilungisa imbali. Lapho umbala webhokisi usuwumthunzi okhanyayo, ungasika ibhokisi bese ukhipha imbewu. Kufanele zomiswe izinsuku eziningana, bese ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Ezimweni ezivame kakhulu, izinambuzane zivele esihlahleni noma kuvela isifo. UClarkia unokugomeka okuqinile kulezi zinkinga. Kepha uma kwenzeka wephula imithetho yokunisela, kusenokugula kakhulu ezinye izifo zokukhunta.
Amakhowe ngokuvamile avela ezansi kwesitshalo. Le ndawo ilungele ukusatshalaliswa kwabo, ngoba inhlabathi inomswakama nokushisa. Okokuqala, ingxenye yezimpande zesitshalo iyathinteka, bese kuthi yonke imbali ibulawe kancane kancane. Amakhowe anda ngokushesha okukhulu, inqubo yokubola ivela, okubonisa ukuqongelela okukhulu kwama-mushroom spores. Imbangela yokubonakala kwesifo sokukhunta ukugcwala ngokweqile kwenhlabathi evela kokunisela okuvame kakhulu.
Izitshalo ezigulayo cishe njalo azikwazi ukulondolozwa. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singasakazeki kwezinye izitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi kubhujiswe lesi sifo ngokushesha, futhi siphathe indawo yokukhula kwaso ngesixazululo sokuvimbela.
Izilokazane ezivame kakhulu kuClarkia ingwamabala engadi kanye ne-mealybug. UFufanon noKarbofos bayindlela ethembekile yokubhekana nabo.
