I-Ruellia (Ruellia) - isitshalo se-thermophilic ngezimbali ezinhle ze-velvet. Lesi sitshalo siqanjwa ngegama likadokotela wasemandulo waseFrance uJean Ruel. Lesi sitshalo sibizwa nangokuthi yi-dipteracanthus. URowell ungowomndeni wama-acanthus.
Incazelo yeRoullia
Endle, lesi sitshalo sitholakala e-Afrika, eSouth Asia, ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwe-America nezindawo ezishisayo. I-Rowellia ikhula njengesitshalo se-herbaceous, izihlahlana nezihlahlana. Imbali inesiqu esiqondile, esinwabuzelayo noma esimnene, esinobuso obuningana namagatsha akhuthele. Amaqabunga avame ukuqina aphelele, abe nesimo esidlule futhi ububanzi buphakathi. Amaqabunga atholakele maqondana nomunye futhi anokukhanya okucwebezelayo noma i-velvet enezinwele ezingabonakali kahle.
Emaphethelweni amahlumela kuvela izimbali ezinkulu ezikhulu, ezingafinyelela ku-5 cm ubude. Izimbali zeRoullia zimhlophe, ziyi-beige ne-pink. Ngeshwa, izimbali azihlali isikhathi eside - ungazithanda amahora ambalwa. Lapho imbali iwela endaweni yayo kuvela ibhokisi elinembewu. Kuyathakazelisa ukubona ukuthi, ngemuva kokuvuthwa, leli bhokisi liqhuma, lidubula ebangeni elikhulukazi ngembewu yalo.
Ngokukhanyisa okukhanyayo nokubonakalayo, i-ruellium ingaqhuma kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuze kube sekupheleni ekwindla. Ekamelweni elinomthunzi, izikhathi zezimbali zincishiswa zaba izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine. Izinzuzo ze-ruellia zifaka iqiniso lokuthi lingakwazi ukuqhakaza ebusika, lapho ezinye izitshalo ziphumule.
Kubalulekile! Ezitolo eziningi zezimbali ngeke uthole iRuellia. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuqhakaza okusheshayo kwezimbali, ayifuneki kakhulu. Kepha ungahlala uzama ukuyithola kumaqoqo angasese abatshali bezimbali.
Ukunakekelwa kwezimbali eRoullia ekhaya
URuelia akadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kuye, ngakho-ke ukulima nokugcina kwakhe ngeke kudle isikhathi.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Kungcono ukubeka i-Ruellia kumafasitela asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza ngemuva kwegumbi, kepha lokhu kudinga ukukhanyiswa okwenele, ngoba uRoell udinga ukukhanya okuningi. Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi ukuze isitshalo siqhakaze unyaka wonke, sebenzisa izibani ezikhethekile zezitshalo.
Ehlobo, kubalulekile ukuthi ungasivezi isitshalo elangeni ngokweqile, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga angamane aqothulwe. Ezimweni zokuntuleka kokukhanyisa, ubude bama-internode wesitshalo bazokhula, futhi ngokukhanyisa okukhulu, isihlahla sizoqhakaza ngokwengeziwe futhi sivele sihle kakhulu.
Ukushisa
Ngokuqondene nokushisa, izinga lokushisa elilungile kakhulu lizoba ngama-18 degrees. Ebusika, ukwehla okushisa okufika ku-16 degrees kuvunyelwe.
Ukunisela
Njalo lapho inhlabathi iqala ukoma, isitshalo sidinga ukuniselwa. Ukunisela kufanele kube okuhlelekile, kepha hhayi okuningi kakhulu. Isitshalo sidinga amanzi lapho ingaphezulu yoma. Akunakwenzeka ukuvumela isimo lapho umhlaba wonke usomile ngokuphelele. Lapho nje amaqabunga eqala ukubuna futhi ewa, kudingeka uphuze amanzi i-ruellium ngokushesha. Bese kuba nethuba lokuthi lesi sitshalo sibuyele kokujwayelekile uma bekungenamanzi isikhathi esifushane. Lapho imbali inganiselanga isikhathi eside, amaqabunga aphansi esiqwini angawa.
Umswakama womoya
I-Ruelia ayidingi ukufafazwa njalo. Into esemqoka ukuthi imbali kufanele ibe kude namabhethri, kanye nabashisi, ngoba umoya ofudumele kakhulu ungakhuthaza iqabunga lawa esiqwini. Amanzi afudumele anomphumela omuhle esitshalweni.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-ruellium, Umanyolo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo kumele ungezwe emhlabathini. Lapho isitshalo sesinanyisiwe, cishe izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngenyanga ungangeza umanyolo ohlangene wokuhlobisa izitshalo zangaphakathi emhlabathini.
Ukufakelwa
Izitshalo ezisencane zidinga ukushintshwa minyaka yonke, kanye nabantu abadala - njengoba kudingeka. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kangcono phakathi kokuqala kukaMashi nokufika ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Njengomhlabathi, ungasebenzisa ingxube ye-turf kanye nenhlabathi yamaqabunga, i-humus nesihlabathi. Njenge-analogue yale nhlanganisela, ungasebenzisa umhlaba ojwayelekile othengiwe wezitshalo ezifuywayo. Kuzoba wusizo olukhulu ukubeka i-vermiculite enhlabathini, ezokwenza njengokudonsa amanzi.
Izihlahla
Ukuze wenze imbali iqhume futhi ikhuthele ukukhula, thinta i-ruellia. Ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa nokubukeka okuhle, i-ruelia inquma amahlumela angenalutho, ngenxa yalokho abasha baqala ukwakha nomphumela wobukhazikhazi butholakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengenye indlela, ungatshala isitshalo esisha ngokunqamula phezulu kwesibambo.
Ukuzalela iRoullia
Ungasabalalisa i-ruellia ngezindlela ezahlukene: imbewu, izingqimba, ukusika noma ukuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Ukusakazwa ngokusika
Lapho sisakaza ngezihlahla ezisikiwe, kubalulekile ukuthi azincishisiwe. Zidinga ukufakwa emanzini, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana kuzovela izimpande zokuqala. Okulandelayo, udinga ukubatshala enhlabathini. Inani elifanelekile ukusikwa kwe-5-6 ebhodweni ngalinye. Lapho-ke izitshalo zizovela zikhulu ngokubabazekayo.
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Ngokubeka, ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha zeRoullia kulula kakhulu. Enye yamahlumela kufanele igxunyekwe enhlabathini ukuze enye yezindawo zesiga ethinta inhlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho le ndawo ihleliwe. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, izingqimba zihlukaniswa imbali enkulu.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Ukuthola imbewu ye-Ruelia, ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwezithelo, udinga ukubeka ingcindezi encane kuzo, ngenxa yalokho zivula bese kuvela imbewu. Zitshalwe emhlabathini oswakama ngokujula okungashoni.
Kubalulekile! I-Ruelia imnandi ikhula kahle ngokwanele ngosizo lwe-cutways. Ngosizo lwokusika, ungabuyekeza lesi sitshalo minyaka yonke, ngakho-ke i-Ruell izobukeka Umuhle kakhulu.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
URuelia umelana nezilokazane nezifo ezahlukahlukene kahle, kepha ungathinteka yilezi zinambuzane ezilandelayo: i-spider mite - unyaka wonke, i-whitefly - ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngomswakama ngokweqile kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi, i-powdery isikhutha ne-grey bola zivame ukuvela.
Noma yiziphi izinambuzane zilungile ngokulwa namagciwane, futhi ukuvikela izifo kwanele ukugcina lesi sitshalo sisezingeni elifanele.
Ubunzima obunokwenzeka ekukhuleni kwe-ruellia
- Ukushisa okuphezulu nokukhanya ngokweqile kwelanga kungadala amabala emaqabungeni nakumajika. Kulesi simo, kwanele ukusithambisa lesi sitshalo noma ukusidlulisela endaweni ekhanyayo egumbini.
- Uma imikhawulo yamaqabunga yomile, khona-ke isitshalo sidinga umswakama ophakeme womoya. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo singagula futhi siyeke ukuqhakaza.
- Ukuqhakaza okuphezulu kakhulu kwamaqabunga amancane, amaqabunga amancane nokubukeka kwembali okuyi-nondescript kungahle kube ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Uma ukukhanya kwemvelo kunganele, khona-ke ungathenga izibani ezikhethekile zezitshalo.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi futhi awayo akhombisa umswakama obedlulele enhlabathini noma isitshalo sisalungiswa.
- I-Ruellia iqala ukukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: iziqu zinwebeka, amaqabunga awela - kuyadingeka ukunciphisa amahlumela angenalutho, ngaleyo ndlela kubuyekezwa isitshalo.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Izinhlobo eziningi zeRuellia zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwemithi.
Ijusi isetshenziselwa ukuphatha izindlebe, isifungo sokudambisa amabala nokulunywa, amaqabunga aqhekekile ukwelapha izilonda. Intuthu evela esitshalweni esivuthayo ingasusa ikhanda. Izimpande zinezindawo ezivusa inkanuko nethoni.
Ngaphezu kwezindawo zokwelapha, i-Ruellia ingaba yingozi - ujusi wayo uqukethe ubuthi be-saponin.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala iRuellia ekhaya, ukunakekela imbali ngeke kube nzima, futhi ungahlala uthandise izimbali zayo ezinkulu nezikhanyayo.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Ruellia Brittoniana - Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esikhula sibe yimitha eyi-1. Iziqu ezisekelweni ziba lukhuni, ubude bube ngamaqabunga amaningi ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhulu. Isitshalo sinezimbali ezinkulu, amacembe abubende. Isici salolu hlobo lwentando yikhono lokusikhulisa ezikoloni. Lesi sitshalo asinambulelo futhi sivame ukutshala ezindlini.
Ruellia Devosiana - ikhula ikakhulukazi emahlathini emvula aseNingizimu Melika. Elinye igama lalesi sitshalo yiRuelia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isiqu singakhula sibe ngama-40 cm ukuphakama. Amacembe aqinile ngesimo se-ellipse, abe nendawo ebonakalayo, nobude obungafika ku-7 cm. Ingaphezulu leqabunga liluhlaza mnyama, phansi kunombala onsomi, imithambo imhlophe. Izimbali zihlala zodwa, zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga. Anombala okhanyayo we-lilac onemisipha ebubende. I-Corolla endaweni emhlophe noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukubukwa kweRuellia Portellae - ikhula emahlathini emvula aseNingizimu Melika. Ukubonakala kwesitshalo kufana ne-Ruellia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi amaqabunga ePortella ruellium akhulu ngosayizi futhi ansundu ngombala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbali zinombala opinki okhanyayo. Lolu hlobo lungatshalwa njengesitshalo sonyaka esingenakuqhathaniswa.
Ruellia macrantha - isihlahla sangemuva, esidonsa, esifinyelela kumitha cishe ezimbili. Amaqabunga e-Ruellia afana nesimo se-ellipse, enkulu - mayelana ne-10-15 cm ubude, ibukhali ekugcineni. I-corolla i-tubular, njengensimbi, inosayizi omkhulu ngokulingana - cishe 8 cm ububanzi kanye ne-12 cm ubude. Izimbali zitholakala eziqongweni zamahlumela, zingaba bomvu, zipinki kanye ne-lilac. Isikhathi sezimbali sisuka ekwindla siye entwasahlobo, kuncike ekukhanyisweni okwengeziwe.
