Njengezilwane zasepulazini ezifuywayo, izimvu zikhuliswe isikhathi esingaphezu kwenkulungwane. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuya ngohlobo lokuzalela, ukufuywa kwezimvu kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale inyama, ubisi, isikhumba sezimvu noboya bezinga eliphakeme obufudumele.
Ezimweni zesikompilo lomuntu siqu, ukufuya izimvu ngeke kube nzima. Izilwane eziqinile, ezingakhathali zivama ukugula, zivunda impela futhi zinengqondo kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa nezinkomo. Kulokhu, izimvu azidingi indawo eyakhiwe kahle:
- Ehlobo, anelisekile ngamakhorali nezindawo ezingamadlelo.
- Ebusika, zigcinwa kubelusi, lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme kancane kuno-zero.
Izilwane zikhula kahle ekudleni, okuyinto ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ngokusobala ezingeke zanele ukwanelisa izidingo zomzimba. Izimvu, ngisho nohlaza oluhlaza okwanele ukukhulisa, zinikeze uboya futhi zithole isisindo.
Ngokubhekisisa kahle izilwane, ukuzalusa izimvu ekhaya nabalimi bezimvu abangama-novice ngeke kubonakale njengomsebenzi onzima. Ukunakekelwa okuhle, ukuhambisana nemithetho yokugcinwa nokondla kuzodingeka ngonyaka wokuqala kuzophumela ekukhiqizeni inyama ephezulu, kuthola ubisi olunamafutha okumnandi noboya bez ekhaya.
Izici zemvelo zezimvu
Izinhlobo zanamuhla zezimvu zokutshala ekhaya zingakhombisa ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu enyameni, ebisini nakuboyeni. Imvamisa, ukunakwa kwabafuyi bezimvu kudonswa izinhlobo ezinobukhulu obukhulu, ukutholakala kwesisindo ngokushesha, ukuzwakalisa ukuzithoba nempilo enhle. Kepha ukuze izilwane zikhombise imiphumela elindelekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake izidingo zazo kanye nezimpawu zemvelo zezimvu.
Phakathi kwezilwane ezisegangeni, izimvu zidume ngomhlambi wazo nokukhohlwa. Imvamisa, abalimi bezimvu babhekana neqiniso lokuthi imfuyo eye edlelweni ayikwazi ukuthola ikhaya. Ngakho-ke, izimvu nezinqama zilethwa ezindaweni zokuhamba ngezimbuzi noma ezinkomeni ezihlakaniphile. Kulokhu, kufanelekile ukuba nemvu eyodwa yokucela "umholi", umhlambi wonke uzowuthola.
Isikhathi esivamile sezimvu siyiminyaka engama-20. Kodwa-ke, lapho kugcinwa izimvu endaweni eyimfihlo, kuphela abakhiqizi kanye nesibeletho esinezifo ezingaphila iminyaka eyi-8. Izilwane ezincane eziklanyelwe inyama ziyahlatshwa ngaphambi kokuba kube nonyaka owodwa ubudala, kuthi abantu abathile abanobuyekezo boboya bagcinwe epulazini isikhashana.
Enye yezinkomba ezokwahlulela ukufanelwa kokuzalelwa noma inani elithile linani lokuzalwa kwamazinyane ngonyaka kanye nenani lamawundlu elethwa.
Ngokuvamile, izimvu ezizalanisa ziletha inzalo kanye ngonyaka ekupheleni kobusika noma ezinsukwini zokuqala zentwasahlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga ezinhlanu, ngokuzalanisa okuningi ukubonakala kwewundlu elilodwa kuyinto ejwayelekile. Kepha kukhona okuhlukile.
Isibonelo, ukufuya kwezinja zaseRomanovskaya, okuthandwa kakhulu ngabalimi bezimvu baseRussia ngenxa yokuzalwa njalo kwamawundlu ambalwa ngasikhathi sinye namandla okuzala kabusha kabili ngonyaka. Lokhu kungafani kokuzalela kanye nokunemba kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo lapho sisonke kusivumela ukuba sithuthukise uhlelo lwebhizinisi oluphumelele kakhulu, olukhokha ngokushesha lokukhulisa izimvu.
Iziphi izimo ezidinga izilwane? Ukuhlela kanjani ukudla kwabo? Kukuphi lapho ungaqala ukuzalusa izimvu ekhaya zabaqalayo?
Kukhula timvu ekhaya ehlobo
Okuqukethwe kwamadlelo ezimvu kuyisisekelo sokukhiqiza kwawo okuphezulu. Ngokuncisha izilwane ithuba lokuhamba ngezinyawo, umfuyi wezimvu anganciphisa kakhulu inzuzo yazo. Kulokhu, izindleko ziyenyuka:
- ukondla, ukuqoqwa kanye nokulungiswa okuvela kukho manje ukukhathazeka komuntu;
- kwimishini yezakhiwo namapeni wezimvu.
Uma kungekho madlelo afanele eduze nepulazi, izimvu zihlelwa ngezindawo zokuhamba, izingosi zokubiyela ezinezihlangu. Ngemuva kokuncipha kokwembozelwa kotshani, umhlambi udluliselwa esifundeni esingumakhelwane. Njengoba izimvu zingabhoboza utshani obuphansi kunezimbuzi noma izinkomo, ngisho nasezindaweni ezincane kakhulu, zizitholela ukudla okwanele kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudluliselwa kwamadlelo kwenye ingxenye yedlelo kusiza ukuvikela ukutheleleka kwezilwane ngama-helminth.
Ekhaya, lapho bekhulisa izimvu ngaphandle kokuhamba, izilwane zinikezwa utshani bokomisa obuluhlaza.
Kuyaye futhi kuhle ukuhlela imihlambi yokugijima okuncane, uyixoshe endaweni ekhawulelwe ukuhamba. Mhlawumbe ukugcinwa kwezimvu kufushane ngokudlulisela njalo kusayithi elisha.
Izimvu zikhishwa zingene edlelweni lapho kuqala intwasahlobo kanye nokuvela kwezimila zokuqala ezingaba ngu-8 cm ukuphakama. Uma kupholile egcekeni, izilwane kufanele zivikeleke emswakama ngokweqile, kungaba imvula noma amazolo. Izinwele ezinamanzi azomile ngaphandle futhi ziba imbangela yezifo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane. Imithetho efanayo ilandelwa ngokuqala kokuphola kwekwindla. Esikhathini esishisayo sasehlobo, kunalokho, ukuphuma kwangokoqobo edamini kuyosiza izimvu ukuthola imifino enoshukela kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kokuqukethwe kwamadlelo, izimvu kufanele zinikezwe amanzi. Iziphuzo zenziwa kabusha nsuku zonke, futhi ngenkathi eshisayo ikakhulukazi, kathathu ngosuku.
Le ndlela izosiza ekuvikeleni ekuphelukeni komzimba kanye nokwenza buthaka kwezilwane. Ngenhloso efanayo kufakwe ama-canopies, lapho umhlambi ungalinda amahora ashisayo. Lapha kwezimvu abazibeki nje kuphela iziphuzo nabondli kuphela, kodwa nezingcezu zikasawoti-okhanyayo.
Ukudla amadlelo kungukudla okufunwa kakhulu nokunenzuzo kwezimvu. Kodwa-ke, ukuzalaniswa kwezimvu kuhlinzeka ngokugcinwa kwazo ngenkathi ebandayo. Ngakho-ke, umfuyi wezimvu udinga ukulungiselela i-hay ngesikhathi, futhi ekwindla, amaqabunga awile azoba usizo oluhle ngokuntuleka kotshani.
Ehlobo, izimvu zingahlushwa yizinambuzane eziphuza igazi, ezingasebenzisi kuphela izimvu njengomthombo wezondlamzimba, kepha futhi zibeka amaqanda ezindaweni ezilimele zesikhumba. Ukuze ugweme izifo ezihambisana nalokhu nokwenza lula ukuba khona kwewadi, izilwane ziyahlolwa, ziyahlanzwa futhi zivikeleke ngamagciwane, kuthi amanxeba abekelwe imvu ebuthakathaka.
Ukugcina izimvu esikhathini esibandayo
Ukufika kwekwindla komfuyi wezimvu kusho ukuthi umhlambi maduze uzobuyiselwa ezibayeni zezimvu nasezibayeni zezimvu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela izigceme kokusalungiswa, umswakama ngokweqile nokuqukethwe okugcwele kakhulu. Ngakho-ke:
- Amakamelo afakwe umoya omncane.
- Kuhlelwa imibhede eyomile.
- 2,5 kuya ku-3 metres wendawo abelwa umuntu oyedwa.
- Ngaphakathi kumelusi phakathi nesikhathi sokugcwala, gcina amazinga okushisa esukela ku-6-8 ° C. Lokhu kwanele ukuba izilwane ezinempilo, eziqinile zizizwe zizinhle, futhi ngokudla okukhethwe kahle, zizokhula.
- Ngesikhathi sesikhathi esibucayi kakhulu sokuzalelwa kwezimvu - ngesikhathi sokuzala, umoya kumalusi kufanele ufudunyezwe kufika ku-15 ° C.
Ebusika, ukudla kwezimvu kuqukethe i-hayage hay evunwa ehlobo, izithombo zezimpande ezisikiwe, kanye nokudla okuncane okuhlanganisiwe. Nge-500 kg yotshani obukhulu kanye nenani elifanayo lezilimo zezimpande, kufanele kubalwe ama-100 kg kuphela wokudla okuhlanganisiwe. Isimo esinjalo sanele ukondla umuntu munye esikhathini sokubeletha.
Ngenkathi ebandayo, kungcono ukondla imfuyo emoyeni omusha esibayeni esivulekile sezimvu. Isimo sezulu esibi, ukudla kunikezwa ngaphansi kombhede. Kwenze izikhathi ezi-3-4 ngosuku. Okokuqala imvu iyathola hay. Ukuthola isisindo nokuphakama, kubalulekile ukunikeza i-hay kusuka ezinhlotsheni nasezinhlanzini zokudla.
Izimvu zinikezwa ukudla okumnandi. Kungaba yingxube yezilimo zezimpande ezisikiwe, isibonelo, ama-beet, izaqathe, ama-turnips, amazambane nge-bran. Enye inketho yisilo. Ngemuva kokudla okunjalo, umhlambi unikezwa isiphuzo, bese kuba khona ithuba lokujikisa nokugxunyekiwe. Izimvu, lapho sezikhulile ekhaya, ngokushesha zijwayele ohlelweni olulodwa lokondla. Kusihlwa, hay kanye nemishanelo evunwa ehlobo ibekwa kule abondli.
