I-Puskin ye-genus yabelwa umkhaya omncane we-Proleskovye Asparagus, kepha kweminye imithombo kubhekiselwa kuyo njengeHyacinths. Lesi yisitshalo esidala esinamandla amakhulu i-ephemeroid (isitshalo esinesikhathi semifino esifushane ngesikhathi esithandeka kakhulu salokhu, bese sidlulela esikhathini esimanzi), okungenye yezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu eziqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Inamahlamvu aqondile, iziqeshana zamaqabunga esihlahleni ngasinye, izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezimibalabala okwesibhakabhaka ezimise okwama-inflorescence-brushes, zizovela kungekudala ngemuva kwamahlamvu Zenziwe izinhlobo ezi-2:
Izinhlobo ze-Pushkin nezinhlobonhlobo
Pushkinia hyacinth isitshalo sezintaba esasivela e-Iran naseCaucasus. Isihlahla saso esi-herbaceous sinezimbali ezinde ezinamanzi, ama-bulbs amancane, iziqu zezimbali zikhula zize zikhule ngamahlamvu bese zixosha ama-inflorescence anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aqukethe izimbali ezincane.
Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa esitholwe kumuntu okhulile, kungavela izikebhe ezi-4. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kusuka kuviki elilodwa kuya kwamathathu.
Pushkinia ihlathi-efana imbali yeza kithi ivela emasimini eCaucasus nase-Asia Minor. Ibuye ibe namaqabunga amaqabunga anamnyama afinyelela ku-13-14 cm ubude. Kanye namahlamvu kukhula okuncane okudlula kwesiqu s imbali yaso. Amabhulashi ama-inflorescence-bluish akhiwa kusuka ezimbali ezimise okwensimbi.
Kukhona ifomu alba ngezinsimbi ezimhlophe.
Futhi ifomu elivamile Pushkinia libanotika noma okunye ILebanoni - umehluko wayo kusuka kwifomu le-classical ngosayizi omkhulu wezimbali.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu yePushkinia
Ukulinywa kwePushkinia kusuka ezinhlanzini akusokweluleki ngokukhethekile, ngoba izihlahla ezitholakala ngale ndlela ziqala ukuqhakaza kuphela lapho zifinyelela eminyakeni emi-4 ubudala. Noma kunjalo, ukuzala kabusha kuyindlela ethembekile yokuthola abantu abasha bePushkinia.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ingene ngqo enhlabathini ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvunwa noma ekwindla yokuqala. Kepha uma uhlehlisa ukuhlwanyelwa, khona-ke imbewu kumele igcinwe esiqandisini, ingavumeli ukuthi yomile, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuhluma kuzolahleka.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, isiza kumele silungiselelwe ngokudonsa amanzi futhi, uma inhlabathi iminyene kakhulu, uyixube nesihlabathi ne-humus.
Okokuhlwanyela, kukhethwe izindawo ezinokhanyayo noma ezinemibala emincane. Udinga ukujulisa imbewu okungenani ngo-5 cm, bese umboza indawo okuhlwanyelwa ngayo ngohlaka lwe-mulch ye-peat.
Pushkinia kokweza nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukunakekela i-Pushkin akunzima ikakhulukazi. Izinqubo ezinkulu ukuchelela, ukususa ukhula, ukufaka umanyolo nokuthena, kuqala ukushisa izimbali.
Ukuze ungazithwesi umthwalo wokhula njalo nokususa ukhula, kungakuhle ukuthi ucijise indawo ngokukhula kwe-peat. Kepha ngaphandle kokuba khona kwe-semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla, ukhula konke kuzodingeka kwenziwe ngqo, ngoba ukhula luyotshalwa kalula i-pushniya, efa kalula, ingenawo amandla okulwa.
Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho kuseneqhwa, izitshalo zivundiswa ngama-nitrophos ngesilinganiso sama-gramu angama-50 ngemitha yesikwele yomhlaba. Maphakathi nentwasahlobo, lapho izithombo zibonakala, khulula inhlabathi phakathi kwemigqa.
Uma isimo sezulu sesomile entwasahlobo, udinga ukunisela, kepha le nqubo ibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwakha okusebenzayo kwesisindo esiluhlaza, ngakho-ke bukela izitshalo zakho ukuze ungaphuthelwa yilesi sikhathi sokukhula kwazo.
Ehlobo, yize ukuqhakaza sekuqediwe, konke kumele kwenziwe kahle ngokususa leyo ndawo ukuchitha ukhula nokukhulula inhlabathi. Uma uzibonile izimpawu zezifo nezindawo eziphuzi, lapho ehlathini lingasenaso isikhathi sokuphuma, khona-ke masheshe ubabhubhise laba bantu, ngoba iPushkinia iyisitshalo esibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi, uma izifo zisakazeka, ungalahlekelwa yizo zonke izinhlobo zokutholakala ezikhona.
Ekwindla, ukuqinisekisa ubusika obunokuthula ngokwengeziwe, isiza simbozwe ngesendlalelo se-humus esingu-3 cm. Akufanele ukukhipha i-mulching entwasahlobo, ngoba izovikela ekusetshenzisweni komswakama ngokweqile.
Umlimi wezinkukhu ubuye omele umndeni we-Asparagus, okhule ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile. Ungathola zonke izincomo ezidingekayo zokukhula nokunakekelwa kule ndatshana.
Pushkinia ebusika
Lesi sitshalo singaphansi kokuphoqelelwa futhi sikhombise ukuqhakaza eziqhakaza ebhodweni ebusika. Ngokuphoqelela, ama atshalwa ezimbizeni ngoNovemba cishe ngo-14 cm ubukhulu no-6-8 cm ukuphakama.
Inhlabathi yenziwa kusuka kumhlaba we-turf, isihlabathi samalahle kanye ne-humus ngesilinganiso se-2: 1: 1. Isitsha esinamabhuleki atshaliwe sigcinwa izinyanga ezimbili ebumnyameni ngamazinga okushisa angama-5-9 ° C kanye nomswakama ophakeme, ngalesi sikhathi ukuthambisa akusenziwa.
Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, imbiza idluliselwa egumbini eliqhakazile elinamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-15 ° C futhi ukuchelela kuqala. Izinsuku eziyi-15-25 emva kwalokhu, ukuqhakaza kufanele kuqale.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, ama-bullet agcinwa emiphongolweni kuze kube sentwasahlobo, lapho angaphinde atshalwe embhedeni wezimbali.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino kwePushkinia
Ngaphezu kokusakazwa kwembewu, kungenzeka ukusabalalisa i-Pushkin vegetatively - ngabantwana.
Kungakapheli iminyaka engama-3-5, intsha engaba ngu-6 ikhula cishe nge-corm eyodwa. Izitshalo ziqala ukuphelelwa isikhala, ziba zincane bese ziphulukene nomsebenzi wazo wokuhlobisa. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, udinga ukufakelwa, okuzohambisana nokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
Lapho amaqabunga asePushkinia eqala ukoma, sonke isihlahla kufanele simbiwe futhi umzali nezingane bahlukaniswe ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama bulabhu agcinwa endaweni emnyama kuze kube yilapho ewa futhi atshalwe enhlabathini, ukugcina ibanga elingamasentimitha ayi-10 phakathi kwabantu.Uma usimba isitshalo kusenesikhathi kakhulu, ama-bulbs ngeke avuthwe futhi angabola, futhi uma usigaya ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izingane zizoqala ukuwa lapho ihlathi lisuswa enhlabathini futhi elahlekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iPushkinia isakazeka kalula ngokuzimela, kepha ngenxa yesisa semvelo ayisabalali kude futhi ayizibambi izindawo ezinkulu.
Izifo zePushkinia
I-Pushkinia ithintwa yizifo ezahlukahlukene, ezibandakanya izifo ze-bulb.
Phakathi kwezifo kungahlukaniswa botritis, ukubola kwe-bulb, achenhehoides.
Ukuvikela isitshalo ezifweni, zama ukutshala ama-bulbs amnandi kuphela, anempilo, angenaphutha, futhi kuhle ukwenza ukubulawa kwamagciwane kusayithi nge-Bordeaux liquid.
I-Botritis liziveza ngesimo amabala ansundu futhi kungathinta izitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuvikela lesi sifo, awukwazi ukuvumela amanzi ukuthi angene phakathi kwamahlamvu lapho uthambisa, ungangezi imvunulo ephezulu ye-nitrogen ephezulu, futhi futhi ususe ngokushesha izingxenye zezitshalo ezinamabala. Uketshezi lweTopazi neBordeaux lusiza ngokumelene nalokhu ukhunta, futhi uma lesi sifo sisabalale kakhulu, khona-ke baphendukela eSkor naseFundazol.
Ukutheleleka kungenzeka futhi. ukubola kwamabhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubo amabala avele, phansi kwamahlamvu kuphuzi nezitshalo ziyafa. Abantu abathinteke kakhulu basuswa kangcono, kanti izinsalela ezisele kanye nesayithi ngokwalo kufanele liphathwe ngokulungiswa okuqukethe ithusi.
Achenheloides - isifo ngenxa yalokho izikali kumabhule ziya nsundu zibole. Uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka, isitshalo ngeke sisakwazi ukulondolozwa. Amabhasi adinga ukumba, iziguli zishiswe, bese okuseleyo kubambe imizuzu engama-30 emanzini afudumele ngo-43 ° C.
Izilokazane Zepushkin
Phakathi kwezinambuzane, okucasulayo kakhulu izindukulelo anyanisi. Bayabesabisa, babeka izicupho nobungozi esizeni.
Imikhaza yenselo ama-corms ayabola, ngenxa yokuthi ukubola kokugcina, oma noma kuqala ukubola. Ukuvikela imbali, kungcono ukucubungula ama-bulbs ngaphambi kokutshala ngokulungiswa kwe-acaricidal, ngokwesibonelo, i-Aktelikkom noma i-Antiklesh Pro.
Uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka, khona-ke abantu abathintekile kakhulu bayabhujiswa, bese abanye belashwa ngale mishanguzo efanayo.
