I-Aspidistra ingesinye sezitshalo zasendlini ezingabekezeleleki kangako, ngoba ezimweni zemvelo ihlala emahlathini anombala futhi opholile. Izwe lesitshalo se-herbaceous or Orthal-deciduous libhekwa njengendawo engezansi nezindawo ezishisayo zase-East Asia. Yilapho i-aspidistra yanikezwa khona igama lesibili elithi "Index of Snakes". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho inyoka ikhwela phakathi kwamaqabunga ayo, agagasi, kube sengathi akhomba ingozi. Ekhaya, lesi sitshalo singatshalwa cishe kunoma iyiphi ikona yegumbi, ngenkathi kubhekwa imithetho ethile yokunakekela i-aspidistra.
Izincazelo, izinhlobo nezithombe ze-aspidistra
Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa ngama-rhizomes aqhakaza kakhulu, ukungabikho kwesiqu, amaqabunga anesikhumba esisezingeni eliphansi nezimbali ezincane ezingenakuqhathaniswa. Ishiya amaqabunga ingaba mnyama ngombala omnyama futhi abe namabala ahlukahlukene. Njengoba iphuzu lokukhula e-aspidistra lijule emseleni, umsebenzi wesikali ukuvikela iqabunga, eliphumela emhlabathini. Kuyaqabukela ungabona ukuqhakaza kwe-aspidistra, izimbali zazo ezakhiwa kuma-rhizomes. Ungaqhakaza ehlobo futhi kuphela ngosuku olulodwa. Uma udlulisa impova kusuka kwesinye isitshalo uye kwesinye, ungathola izithelo ezinkulu, ngaphakathi kuzoba nembewu eyodwa kuphela.
Izinhlobo eziphambili ze-aspidistra
Izinhlobo ze-aspidistra ukuthi ngosayizi nombala wamashidi, isibalo esikhulu. Ngezimbali zasendlini, okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa phakathi kwazo:
I-Aspidistra mude noma i-Elatior iyi-herbaceous perennial enezimbali ezinwabuzelayo. Ifana neminduze yamaqabunga alesi sigodi, aluhlaza okotshani, obanzi, amaqabunga acwebezelayo afinyelela kubude obuyi-15 cm. Anesimo se-lanceolate noma se-oval futhi akhula kusuka ku-rhizome uqobo. I-bell-like yellow-brown noma i-raspberry-brown perianth iqukethe ama-lobes ayisishiyagalombili.- I-aspidistra enezimbali ezinkulu yasheshe yaduma, yize isanda kutholwa kwenye yezindawo zaseVietnam. Isizathu salokhu kwakungamacembe awo ama-obovate, akhula aze abe ngu-80 cm futhi abe nezindawo ezihlukanisayo epuletini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sinokuqhakaza okumangalisayo. Cishe maphakathi nehlobo, izimbali zezimbali ezingama-2-3 zakha ezimpandeni, zikhule kuzo ama-corollas ansomi. Ukuqhakaza okuyingqayizivele kwalesi zinhlobo kwenziwa ngamaphinifa amade anemiphetho emnyama onsomi.
- I-attenuate aspidistra iyisitshalo esinezinhlamvu eziyindilinga, ezinwabuzelayo, okuthi, zikhule, zakha amahlumela aminyene. Amacembe amnyama anamabala amancane akhanyayo akhula aze afike kumitha yemitha ubude afike ku-8 cm ububanzi.
- I-guanjou aspidistra ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga angawodwa ama-elliptical noma ama-ovoid nama-rhizomes amancane kakhulu. Akuwona amaqabunga amakhulu kakhulu agcinwa kwi-petiole ende. Kaningi, ungabona izindawo ezisatshalaliswa ngokuphuzi ziphuzi kubo.
- I-Aspidistra olanzepholia ungowokudabuka China. Wakha amaqabunga amancanyana anobuhlakani obuhle nezimbali ezincane. Amaqabunga angaba luhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi.
- ISichuan aspidistra emvelweni ikhula emahlathini e bamboo eChina. Ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga angashonile angama-70 cm ubude futhi anamandla ezinwabuzelayo ezinwabuzelayo. Ipuleti elinamaqabunga aluhlaza noma elinamabala likhula lifinyelele kuma-35 cm, futhi isiqu singasukela ku-10 kuye ku-40 cm ubude. Izimbali zenzeka ezinyangeni zokugcina zobusika. Izimbali zibukeka njengezinsimbi ezinamaphawu ayisithupha, ipestle enkulu kanye nama-stamens angama-6-8.
I-Aspidistra mude noma i-Elatior iyi-herbaceous perennial enezimbali ezinwabuzelayo. Ifana neminduze yamaqabunga alesi sigodi, aluhlaza okotshani, obanzi, amaqabunga acwebezelayo afinyelela kubude obuyi-15 cm. Anesimo se-lanceolate noma se-oval futhi akhula kusuka ku-rhizome uqobo. I-bell-like yellow-brown noma i-raspberry-brown perianth iqukethe ama-lobes ayisishiyagalombili.Izici zokunakekela i-aspidistra ekhaya
Ungasibeka lesi sitshalo cishe kunoma iyiphi ikona yegumbi lokuhlala, futhi ngisho nasendlini yokugezela nasekholo. Kusukela i-aspidistra ngokwesaba ukukhanya kwelanga futhi uthanda umthunzi, igumbi elikhanyiselwe ilungele yena. Ifunwa kakhulu ezitshalweni zokukhanya ezinamaqabunga ahlukahlukene. Kodwa zizokhula kahle kuma-windowsill asenyakatho nangaphansi kwamalambu we-fluorescent.
Ukushisa kanye nomswakama
I-aspidistra ayidingi umbuso okhethekile wokushisa, ngakho-ke izimo zekamelo ziyamfanelekela. Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elilungile libhekwa njengeliphakathi kuka + 20C- + 22C, kanti ebusika kunconyelwa ukugcina lesi sitshalo egumbini elipholile elinokushisa kwe + 16C.
I-Aspidistra iphatha kahle igumbi lomoya kahle. Kodwa-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile amapheshana akhe anconywa sula ngesiponji esimanzi noma ngesifutho. Lokhu kuzothinta kahle ukukhula kwembali.
Ukunisela nokondla
Ukunisela isitshalo entwasahlobo nasehlobo kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi inhlabathi engaphezulu yomile. Amanzi kufanele abe athambile, axazululwe futhi abe nokushisa kwegumbi. Ebusika, i-aspidistra iniselwa kuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuba ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlanganisela yobumba selomile. Uma ebusika izimbali zigcinwa egumbini elipholile, khona-ke ukuthambisa kwenziwa cishe njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15.
Lapho unakekela i-aspidistra, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngokugqoka okuphezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kwenziwa umquba okhethekile wamaminerali kanye nokuhlobisa izimbali zokuhlobisa nezenziwe ngobuqili. Kuyadingeka ukuzithambisa kube kabili okubhaliwe emiyalweni. Akunconyelwe ukondla izitshalo ngamahlamvu ahlukahlukene, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga angaba luhlaza nje.
Ukufakelwa
Isitshalo esithengwe esitolo sezimbali ezimeni ezintsha kufanele sivumelane nezinsuku eziningana. Ngalesi sikhathi, unakekelwa ngokuphelele. Isilwane esisha esiluhlaza Musa ukweqile futhi bondle.
Ihlanzekile kusuka ezinambuzaneni nasezigulini, isitshalo esivumelanisiwe sitshalwa singene ebhodweni elingaba ngu-4-5 cm ngaphezu kwalokho esedlule. Kufanele kube ngokujulile futhi kubanzi. Izimpande ze-aspidistra zikhula ngokushesha, futhi ngokushesha nje isitsha esisha siyogcwaliswa ngokuphelele ngabo. Futhi ukuphindisela kwesinye isikhathi isitshalo ngezimpande ze-brittle akunconywa. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kangcono ngokufakelwa, kulokhu imbali ngeke ilimaze.
I-Aspidistra ayizithobi ekubumbeni kwenhlabathi. Ukutshala, ungasebenzisa inhlabathi yonke ethengiwe esitolo sezimbali. Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukuxuba nengxube yobumba ngokwakho, ukuthatha lokhu ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo:
- Peat;
- humus;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- isihlabathi.
Ukunikeza inhlabathi i-acidity encane, usengakwazi engeza umhlaba wamaqabunga.
Okokuqala, ukudonsa kuqala kuthululelwa ezansi kwembiza, bese kuba ungqimba oluncane lomhlabathi omusha. Ngemuva kokukhululwa esitsheni esidala, i-aspidistra ibekwe ngokucophelela ebhodweni elisha, izimpande zimbozwe ngenhlabathi futhi ziniselwa kahle. Esikhathini sokuqala emva kokufakelwa, ukunakekela isitshalo siqukethe ukuthambisa okufika ngesikhathi nokuhlikihla amaqabunga.
Ubunzima ekukhuleni kwe-aspidistra
Eqabunga lesitshalo elangeni eliqondile kungavela amabala amnyama - kuyasha. Kulokhu, imbiza yezimbali ihlelwe kabusha kude nefasitela.
Uma i-aspidistra ifakwa amanzi isikhathi eside, khona-ke izimpande zayo zingaqala ukubola bese amaqabunga ephenduka aphuzi. Kulokhu, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe, inhlabathi iphathwa ngesisombululo se-pink se-potanganum permanganate, futhi isihlahla sifafazwa nge fungicides.
Ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi ngomoya owomile ongaphakathi, lesi sitshalo sithintwa yisicabucabu noma umhlanga. Uma izinambuzane zitholakala emaqabungeni, kuyadingeka ukuwasha isitshalo bese usiphatha ngokushesha ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Ungasebenzisa iFufanon noma iKarbofos. Ngokuzayo, kunconyelwa ukufafaza nsuku zonke kwamaqabunga kanye nokuthambisa umoya wangaphakathi. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kanzima, ukwelashwa nge-Actelik kuyadingeka.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-aspidistra ekhaya
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokusakaza isitshalo:
- Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
- Iqabunga eligxilile.
- Imbewu.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Bush
Kuyinto indlela elula futhi esheshayo yokukhiqiza, ongasetshenziswa kuphela uma amahlamvu angaphezu kwama-8 esevele ekhulile kwi-aspidistra. Lapho ufaka isitshalo esidala, ingxenye iyahlukaniswa, lapho kufanele kube khona okungenani amaqabunga amane.
I-cap esobala ibekwa emhlolweni omncane otshaliwe, imbiza ibekwe endaweni efudumele. Ngenkathi uyinakekela, ukufakwa komoya nsuku zonke kwesihlahla nokuthambisa kwenhlabathi njengoba kudingeka. Lapho i-aspidistra isuka nezimpande futhi ikhipha iqabunga layo elisha, ithole lingasuswa.
Ukusakazwa kweLeaf
Isitshalo esigcwele ngokuphelele ngale ndlela yokuzala ingatholakala isikhathi eside. Kulokhu, zonke izinhlamvu zalo ezihlukile zizodluliswa.
Ukuze ubambe imbamba, iqabunga elinomfutho omningi uyakhethwa bese lisikwa ngaphandle kwe-petiole. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ugxiliswe esitsheni esinophawu olucokile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungathatha ibhodlela le-kefir ngentamo ebanzi.
Kuthangi eligcwele amanzi kwehliswa omiswe ngamaqabunga, futhi isitsha sivaleke ngci. Izimpande kufanele zikhule endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle futhi efudumele.
Lapho nje izimpande zivele futhi zikhula kancane, iqabunga lingatshalwa ebhodweni elinomhlabathi onamaqabunga athambile. Ngaphambi kokuvela kweqabunga elisha, iqabunga elinezimpande limbozwe ngesigaxa sobala. Uma iqabunga linganiki izimpande futhi libola, kufanele likhishwe, lisikwe, lomiswe futhi liphinde lihliselwe emanzini amasha.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu
Le ndlela yokuzala yinde kakhulu, kepha yenza sikwazi ukuthola izinhlobo ezintsha ze-aspidistra. Imbewu ingathengwa esitolo noma itholakale ngemuva kokungcolisa imbali kumakhelwane. Izimbali zihlala usuku kuphela, ngakho-ke akufanele ungaphuthelwa.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu entwasahlobo iziqukathi ezigcwele inhlabathi efudumele nenomswakama. Ukumba imbewu ejulile akunconywa. Zingahlwanyelwa kube munye noma eziningana, kepha zihlanganiswe. Ngalesi sikhathi sokuzala, ukukhula kwesitshalo kuzohamba kancane. Ngakho-ke, ama-florists anolwazi, abalandeli bezinhlobo ezintsha, basakaza imbewu ye-aspidistra.
Ukubona yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa, ungakhula isitshalo esikhulu, usisakaze futhi usinikeze abangane bakho. Wonke umuntu uzosithanda lesi sipho, ngoba i-aspidistra ayinasizotha, ihlanza umoya futhi inezokwelapha.
