Uma isikhathi eside umhlaba usetshenziselwa ukutshala izilimo, iba yingcosana. Izitshalo ziyawa, noma ngabe kungakanani imizamo ezenziwayo kuzo, nokuthi zikwenzani ukukhulisa akujabulisi ikhwalithi noma ubungako.
U-Igor Lyadov, ohlala eMpumalanga Ekude yezwe, wabhekana nenkinga efanayo, njengabalimi abaningi abahlala izinsuku ezimbalwa ehholo labo lasehlobo. Ejwayele ukuhlangana nokwehla kokukhiqiza esikhungweni sezindiza lapho esebenza khona, uLyadov akazange aqale ukusebenza nobuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu, kepha wanquma ukwenza yonke imizamo yokubuyisela ukuzala emhlabeni futhi afinyelele umkhiqizo ophezulu ngezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi. Lokhu kuyaqondakala - ngemuva kwakho konke, umhlali wasehlobo angasebenzisa imibhede yakhe ayithandayo ngempelasonto kuphela.
Ubuchwepheshe Igor Lyadov
Umphumela wokubukwa, ukutadisha okwenzeka kozakwabo bakwamanye amazwe kanye nomsebenzi wabo ongokoqobo kumamitha-skwele angamakhulu amabili baba yinto egciniwe nokwakhiwa kwengadi ehlakaniphile ngempela. Ubuchwepheshe baphenduka baba lula kakhulu futhi ekuqaleni ukubheka okufana nalokho okuphakanyiswe yi-American Jacob Mittlider ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nesazi sezolimo zasemazweni aphesheya kwezilwandle, ophakamise ukusebenzisa izengezo zamaminerali kuphela ukondla izitshalo, u-Igor Lyadov wakhetha izinto eziphilayo waze wenza nezingxube zomlobi ezihlukile ngokususelwa kumakhambi kanye nomanyolo wendabuko: umquba nokudonsa inyoni.
Isici esijwayelekile sale mifudlana emibili ukwakhiwa kwemibhede emide-amabhokisi agcwele, phakathi kwezinye izinto, izinsalela zezitshalo eziye zaphila iminyaka yazo. Ngakho-ke, azikho izinqwaba zomquba ongasebenzi kahle esizeni, konke kufihlwe emibhedeni emincane futhi ngokushesha kuqala ukuba lusizo.
Izici zemibhede emincane:
- Ububanzi bemibhede bungama-60 - 100 cm, okuvele kulokho kunconywa uzakwabo waseMelika uLyadova.
- Amaphasi aqhathaniswa ngobubanzi namaphethelo, angama-60-80 cm futhi angambozwa ngezinto zokuphahla, amathayili, isihlabathi esivamile kanye sawdust. Uma utshani buhlwanyelwa ezindaweni eziphakathi kwamagquma, lapho-ke luyabhulwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Indawo imibhede isuka enyakatho iye eningizimu.
- Kepha izindonga zamabhokisi engadini yaseLyadov zingenziwa nganoma iyiphi into etholakalayo: amabhodi, izingodo, isitebhisi, izitini noma izivimbi, ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha kanye namandla wegadi.
Izinzuzo zengadi ka-Igor Lyadov
Inzuzo enkulu yendlela isivuno esicishe siphindwe kabili esizeni siqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bendabuko, lapho izilimo sezitshalwa emibhedeni ebanzi ezingeni lomhlabathi.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izici ezinhle ezidonsela ukunaka okwandayo kwabahlali basehlobo kokuhlangenwe nakho kukaLyadov:
- Amabhokisi ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi ukulungiswa kwawo akuthathi isikhathi esiningi.
- Ingadi emangalisayo ye-Igor Lyadov iniselwa kancane futhi ikhululwe.
- Umswakama ongaphakathi kwebhokisi awugudluki, kepha awusetshenziselwa ukuthambisa izindawo ezingadingekile.
- Akukho ukhula oludonsa kanzima oludingekayo, ikakhulukazi lapho uhlanganisa umhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo.
- Ukuma komhlaba kukhanya kahle futhi kufakwe umoya omncane.
- Kusukela engadini-ibhokisi akwenzeki leaching izakhi.
- Yonga isikhathi nomzamo ekubambeni indawo.
- Ukuvula imigqeni kuyadingeka ekujuleni kwamasentimitha ayisikhombisa noma ayishumi.
- Isivuno asithintwa yizilokazane nezifo zezitshalo.
- Unyaka ngamunye, ungashintsha kalula izindawo zokutshala bese uhlela indawo oyithandayo yezitshalo.
- Ingadi ehlakaniphile ye-Igor Lyadov ngenxa yokuphakama kwemibhede inika umhlali wasehlobo ithuba langempela lokutshala izithombo phambilini.
- Uma umboza ibhokisi ngefilimu noma ubeka ama-arc epulasitiki, khona-ke umbhede wegadi ngaphandle kwemizamo eyengeziwe uzokuvumela ukuthi ukhule imifino endaweni ebunjiweyo eyenziwe ekhaya, kodwa esebenza kakhulu.
Umbhede ngokwendlela yaseLyadov usebenze iminyaka eminingana, futhi ngokuvuselela kabusha kabusha izinsalela zezitshalo nokudla kahle okwenziwe, impilo yenkonzo yakhe kunzima ukuyichaza nakancane.
Lapho isivuno sesivuniwe, umbhali womqondo ululeka ukuthi ukuhlwanyela kusheshe kube yimbewu, okuzothuthukisa inhlabathi ebhokisini. Lapho utshala, akusadingeki ukufaka i-humus noma umanyolo, ngoba, empeleni, umbhede uqobo luhlobo lokugcina lomquba.
Njengoba kuba sobala, ingadi ka-Igor Lyadov inezinzuzo eziningi, kepha kukhona ukubuyisa okukodwa. Lokhu kuyizindleko zabasebenzi, imali nesikhathi ngonyaka wokuqala lapho ushintshela kubuchwepheshe obungajwayelekile.
Ukwakha ibhokisi-Umbhede
Imibhede engadini ehlakaniphile ye-Igor Lyadov yakhiwe ekwindla futhi yelulwa ngokuqinile isuka enyakatho iye eningizimu, futhi ngomkhiqizo wayo ungasebenzisa noma yiziphi izinto ezitholakalayo kusukela kusitshebo namabhodi ezitini noma ezitini zokwakha.
Ngesikhathi sesigaba se-master, esasihlelwe ngu-Igor Lyadov uqobo, wasebenzisa izingodo ezindala, lapho indlu yakhelwa khona kanye, namabhodi okunquma. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa ibhokisi, kubalulekile ukukhetha isiza esifanele futhi ulilinganise.
Lapho-ke izindonga zemibhede yesikhathi esizayo ziqine, kungenzeka ukuthi zijule kancane, zibekwe emhlabathini, zibheka umthetho wokuthi ububanzi bebhokisi akumele bube ngaphezu kuka-120 cm. Ubude bungaba ngokuphikisana.
Izindonga empeleni zigoqeka ndawonye noma zisontelwe ndawonye ukuze isakhiwo siphinde sibe namandla, futhi amakhadibhodi abekwe phansi kwebhokisi eliphumela, okuzoba yisithiyo kukhula oluhlanzekile, oluhlala njalo.
Ngemuva kwamakhadibhodi kuqhamuka ukuhlangana kwesihlabathi esincanyana.
Futhi-ke ibhokisi lifakwe umugqa wemfucumfucu enamabala ahlanganisiwe. Ungakhohlwa ngokuvikela isakhiwo kusuka kumswakama nezinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, umbhali wezobuchwepheshe ululeka ukucubungula leli bhokisi lokhuni ngopende olunamanzi kodwa oluphephile olusetshenziselwa ngaphandle.
Lapho ukupenda sekuphothuliwe, ungagcwalisa umbhede ngemfucumfucu enamanzi eminingi futhi emincane, iziqalo namaqabunga emifino evuniwe, utshani noma utshani obusikiwe otshanini, ngaphandle kokufaka ukhula olungapheli ngezimpande ezingase ziphume. Umquba ne-humus, umquba ubekwa ngaphezulu bese ingxube yezakhi ithululelwa ukufakwa okulungiselelwe ngokwendlela yomlobi we-Igor Lyadov. Ingqimba ephezulu, engaba ngu-10 cm ubukhulu, ebhokisini inhlabathi evamile.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zebhokisi kufanele zenziwe ngaphezulu, naseningizimu ukuvikela ukulahleka ngokushesha komswakama, kuphansi.
Imibhede enjalo isiza ezindaweni lapho okugcwala kakhulu kwezindawo zentwasahlobo.
Ngenxa yobukhulu, cishe amasentimitha angama-30, ungqimba lwezinsalela eziphilayo engadini kaLyadov, kunenqubo eqhubekayo yokumisa ngokweqile, okusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa ekujuleni kwebhokisi liphakeme, kepha alibucayi. Izitshalo zihluma ngokushesha bese ziqala ukuthela izithelo.
Ukuhlelwa kwegreenhouse kususelwa embhedeni ngokwendlela ye-Igor Lyadov
- Izikhonkwane zifakwa ezinhlangothini ezinde zemibhede ezibhekene komunye nomunye ibanga elingaphezu kwemitha.
- Iziphetho zamapayipi epulasitiki zifakwa kulezi zikhonkwane ukuze ama-arcs abonakale ngenhla kombhede.
- Idizayini imbozwe ngefilimu noma enye impahla, ithola umbhede ofudumele, osimboziwe wokutshala kokuqala kwezitshalo zemifino namajikijolo ahlukahlukene.
Uhlelo lwemibhede emincane esetshenziswa engadini ye-Igor Lyadov ikuvumela ukuthi unwebise kakhulu isikhathi sezitshalo zezitshalo futhi uthole isivuno esikhulu kakhulu, unganaki isimo sezulu kanye nezici zesakhiwo sengadi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqinisekise ukungena komoya nendawo efanelekile, kutshalwa izitshalo emibhedeni enjalo ngephethini yokuhlola. Izilimo ezinkulu, ezinjengeklabishi noma isitshalo seqanda, zitshalwa ngemigqeni emibili, kanti ezincane, njenge-radishes noma u-anyanisi, ezine.
Ukugqoka kwengadi
Umbhali wale ndlela ukholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukubuyisa ukuzala kwengxube esebhokisini hhayi ngosizo lwe-chemical additives, kepha ngosizo lwe-infusions elungiselelwe uqobo, efaka amabhaktheriya we-yeast ne-lactic acid. I-Sourdough yengxube ingaba yi-mash evamile.
Kuthathwa izipuni ezinhlanu zoshukela kanye nephakethe lemvubelo yombhaki owomile kuthatha amalitha amathathu amanzi amahle. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu zokubila, uketshezi lungangezelelwa emthweni ophelele, kepha kungcono ukuwugcina emakhazeni ukuze isikhunta singafi.
Yondla izindlela zokupheka ezivela ku-Igor Lyadov
Zonke izindlela zenzelwe umthamo wamalitha amabili. Amakhompiyutha afakwa okungenani isonto, kuthi lapho esetshenziswa, afakwa okungenani kabili esimweni samakhambi, futhi nangaphezulu uma usebenzisa udoti noma umquba.
- Kumxube wokuqala ozowudinga:
- ifosholo lokufukula umlotha;
- uhhafu wamabhakede omquba noma wethonsi lezinyoni;
- ibhakede lezimila ezibolile zotshani noma amaqabunga awile;
- ifosholo lomhlaba we-turf, umquba noma umquba obunjiwe;
- ifosholo lesihlabathi esihlanzekile;
- ilitha elilodwa lomkhiqizo wobisi noma i-Whey;
- amalitha amathathu Mash.
- Ngokumiliselwa kwesibili, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomthamo ugcwele ukhula noma utshani obunjiwe, kufakwa amafosholo amabili womlotha osikiwe. Manje usungagcwalisa ingxube ngamanzi bese uvala umgqomo ngefilimu. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, umkhiqizo usulungile, kepha ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa uvinjelwe 1 kuya ku-10.
- Ingxube yesithathu ifaka ingxenye yesithathu yomgqomo kadoti noma womquba, othelwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi uphinde ugcizelele kuze kuphele amasonto amabili. Ukufakwa kumquba kufakwa 1 kuya ku-10, kanti le ngxube inodoti ku-1 kuya ku-20.
Izimpande zezitshalo engadini emangalisayo ye-Igor Lyadov zihlala zinikezwa konke okudingekayo ukuze kukhule futhi kube nezithelo, futhi isikhutha esiveliswa ngamagciwane asichithi sikhathi, kepha masinyane siya ezimpandeni. Ukushisa okukhululiwe nakho kudlala indima, okwenza sikwazi ukuthola izilimo zokuqala eziqinisekisiwe.
Ukulima okwenziwa ngezinto eziphilayo, okuvunyelwa yiLyadov, kukuvumela ukuthi ukhohlwe ngezengezo zamakhemikhali, uchithe imali ethambile futhi ujabule njalo ngezithelo ezinhle zomsebenzi wakho, ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi ngemuva kokukhulisa, inhlabathi ilahlekelwa yisivuno sayo futhi maduze izoba yindlala.
