IHyssop officinalis - enhle futhi inempilo

Kunzima ukuqamba isifunda esinesimo sezulu esifudumele nesithokomele, lapho besingeke sibe khona isitshalo sehisopi sokwelapha nokuhlobisa. Isiko le-semi-shrub le-perennial lomndeni wamaLamiaceae (Lamiaceae) yabelwe ngohlobo oluhlukile - ihisopi (IHyssopus) nomuntu omele ejwayelekile - ihisopi officinalis (IHyssopus officinalis).

IHyssop officinalis (Hyssopus officinalis).

Ukwehlukahlukana okukhulu kwe-hyssop yasendle (hyssop vulgaris) kutholakala eNtshonalanga naseCentral Asia, naseMpumalanga yeMedithera, okubonisa indawo lapho ivelaphi. IHyssop ejwayelekile endle yande kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ezifundeni ezifudumele nezithobile zezingxenye zaseYurophu nase-Asia zaseRussia kanye namazwe e-CIS.

Ukucwaninga kwezinhlobo zehisopi nokutshala kwazo kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukwahlukanisa i-hyssop officinalis njengesidalwa esiqukethe amanani abalulekile ezinomphumela omuhle empilweni yabantu.

Njengamanje, i-hyssop officinalis ingeniswe ekhemisi elisemthethweni eRomania, ePortugal, eSwitzerland, eFrance, eSweden naseJalimane. Ngendlela yezimali ezomile nezithambisi zotshwala, i-hyssop officinalis ithengiswa emakhemisi eRussia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS.

Ukwakheka nezakhiwo eziwusizo ze-hyssop officinalis

Ngenhloso yokwelapha, sebenzisa amaqabunga e-hyssop officinalis, izimpande nengxenye ephezulu yezimbali yezitshalo. Misa isitshalo emthunzini. Utshani obomile kahle bunephunga elimnandi le-sage elimnandi. Ukunambitheka kotshani kuyindlobane, kufakwa emva kwe-camphor.

Izimpande nengxenye yezimbali ye-hyssop officinalis kuqukethe:

• ama-flavonoid, kufaka phakathi ihisopi, i-diosmin, i-hesperidin, i-vicenin-2;
• uwoyela obalulekile, kusuka ku-0,6 kuya ku-2.0%; Izakhi eziyinhloko zamafutha abalulekile yilezi: i-geraniol, i-thujone, i-pinocamphone, i-borneol, i -andandren; oluhlaza okotshani ophuzi; izakhi zalo zinikeza uwoyela obalulekile iphunga elizwelayo elinephunga elihlukile le-turpentine-camphor;
• ama-triterpenic acid, kufaka phakathi i-oleic, ursolic, chlorogenic;
• amavithamini - "C" (0.2%), amavithamini eqembu "B" (B1, B2, B6), "A", "E", "PP", "K", "D";
• ama-macro- nama-microelements: i-potassium, i-calcium, i-iron, ithusi, i-manganese, i-selenium, i-chromium, i-boron, i-fluorine, i-chlorine, i-tungsten, i-Flint;
• ama-tannins nezinto ezibabayo, ama-alkoholi nama-aldehydrate; zihlanganisa ama-resins kanye ne-gum.

Izakhi zamakhemikhali zezitho zehisopi officinalis zinquma izakhiwo zayo zokwelapha. Umphumela wabo omuhle okhonjisiwe uyabonakala:

• ngezifo zokuvuvukala;
• njengomlindeli;
• antipyretic;
• antispasmodic;
• isilonda sokupholisa amanxeba

IHyssop officinalis isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-gynecology, ngokuphazamiseka kwama-hormone, isifuba somoya kanye nezifo zesisu (dyspepsia, ukuqunjelwa), i-anemia, nezinye izifo eziningi kanye nezifo. Izimo eziguquguqukayo.

I-infusions kanye nama-decoctions we-hyssop officinalis ajabulisa uhlelo lwezinzwa oluyinsimbi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo alo, yebo ikhemisi, ngokucophelela, ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela kuqala.

Emithini yesintu, i-hyssop officinalis isetshenziselwa i-bronchitis, i-laryngitis, i-asthma ye-bronchial, i-neurosis ne-angina pectoris, ngokuhlaselwa rheumatic, njenge-tonic, diuretic ne-anthelmintic.

Impahla ye-antimicrobial ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-hyssop officinalis yezilonda zesikhumba se-purulent staphylococcal. Ama-broths ahlanza amehlo awo, abahlabeleli abasetshenziswa ngendlela yama-rinses nge-hoarseness. Yonke indawo, i-rinsing nge-decoctions isetshenziselwa i-stomatitis kanye nezifo ze-pharyngeal.

IHyssop officinalis - isitshalo esimnandi sosiju (uju olunephunga elimnandi, esinye sezinto ezinhle kakhulu ngempahla yokwelapha).

Izinto ezisetshenziselwa izindali ezisetshenziselwa kabanzi ngamakha. Ekuphekeni, ihisopi isetshenziswa njengesiko lokunambitha izinongo. Ikhuthaza ukugaya futhi ivuse inkanuko.

Amahlumela amasha wehisopi anamaqabunga efomu elisha nelomile asetshenziselwa ukunambitha ukudla okubandayo. Bangezelwa ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwama-saladi wamakhukhamba namatamatisi, okokuqala (isobho lamazambane nobhontshisi) nezifundo zesibili (amaqanda afakwe izimbali, izitshulu, i-zrazy). IHyssop iyingxenye yeziphuzo ze-tonic kanye ne-absinthe.

IHyssop incazelo

Kulabo abangazazi kahle izici ezihlukanisa i-hyssop noma abangazikhombisi i-hyssop officinalis ngamagama afanayo, siyakhumbula ukuthi abantu babiza lesi sitshalo:

• i-sage eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• I-wort eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• antop;
• gisop;
• yuzefka;
• ihisopi elijwayelekile (ukuze lingadidaniswa nezinhlobo zasendle zehisopi esivamile).

IHyssop officinalis is a shrub aphansi isikhathi eside esinobunzima bomoya obungu-20 kuya ku-80 cm ukuphakama.

IHyssop uhlelo lokwelapha lubalulekile. Izimpande eziyinhloko zinamapulangwe ngenombolo enkulu yezimpande ezingemuva ezengeziwe. Iziqu eziningi zakha isihlahla esiqhakazile, esikhula kancane. Iziqu zinombala obunjiwe ngentonga, isizinda sezimbali, ezisekelweni zigcwalisiwe.

Indawo yamaqabunga e-hyssop officinalis esiqwini iphambene. Amaqabunga mancane, acwengekile. Iqabunga leqabunga lingunqenqema lonke, i-lanceolate, imigqa ye-lanceolate, luhlaza okotshani, zombili izinhlangothi zimbozwe nge-villi e-glandular villi, okukhishwa ngalo lapho okushisa kwesimo sezulu kawoyela obalulekile kudedelwa. Ubukhulu bamaqabunga asuka ezisekelweni kuya phezulu alincane.

Ama-inflorescence e-hyssop officinalis abunjwe ngesikebhe, esivame ukubekelwa uhlangothi olulodwa, asendaweni engaphezulu yezitshalo. Ngezansi zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga, izimbali ezincane ezingama-3-7 ngendlela yama-whorls amanga angamanga.

Ama-Corollas wezimbali aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, ajwayelekile amhlophe, apinki. Izimbali ezinezindebe ezimbili, ezinjenge-asymmetric. Ama-Stamens amade, anwebeka ngale kwe-corolla. Imbali eyodwa ihlala izinsuku ezingama-5-7 bese iyabuna. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuhamba kancane. Izimbali ziyaqhubeka kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba.

Izithelo zehisopi officinalis iyi-nati yesithathu, ngesimo sayo i-oblong-ovate. Imbewu incane, inombala onsundu. Phindisela engxenyeni yesibili ka-Agasti - ingxenye yokuqala kaSepthemba. Ukuhluma kwembewu kuthatha iminyaka engama-3-4.

IHyssop officinalis (Hyssopus officinalis).

Izinhlobo ze-Hyssop zokukhula ezweni

Ezweni, i-hyssop officinalis ingatshalwa njengesiko le-spice-flavour, i-shrub yokuhlobisa kanye nesithombo sezinyosi sabafuyi bezinyosi.

Izinhlobo zehisopi officinalis yombhede wezidakamizwa

Ngenhloso yokusebenzisa ama-decoctions okwelapha, ama-tincture, kanye netiye, kungcono ukukhulisa ihisopi lemithi engadini yamakhemisi, lapho lingazifumani khona futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, lingafafazi izitshalo ngama-pesticides. Inconyelwe izinhlobo ezikhulayo:

• Otradny Semko;
• Nikitsky mhlophe;
• Izwe;
• Umphilisi;
• Lapis lazuli;
• UHoarfrost nabanye.

Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza ngezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezimhlophe.

Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali, abanye abacwaningi babika ukuthi uwoyela obaluleke kakhulu uqukethe izitshalo ezinezimbali ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunokuba zibe mhlophe futhi zibe namabala apinki. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza liqukethe izinhlobo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe, ubuncane bezimbali ezipinki kanye nophakathi nobluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

IHyssop ekwakhekeni komhlaba

Izakhamizi zasehlobo zisebenzisa isitshalo esikhanyayo nesihlobisayo ukwakha uthango. Amabanga aphansi - kwama-rockeries asemngceleni, izindlela, imibhede yezimbali, imingcele.

Ekubunjweni komhlaba usebenzisa izinhlobo:

• Nikitsky mhlophe;
• Abahlali basehlobo;
• I-Amethyst;
• Chord;
• Inkungu epinki;
• I-pink flamingo;
• Udokotela, kanye nezinhlobo ezinconyelwe ukulinyelwa ekhemisi.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Accord, i-pink mist, Heather ne-Pink flamesos zifakwa kwirejista Yombuso weRussia Federation.

Zonke izinhlobo zehisopi zilingana kahle zibe yimibhede yezimbali ezivela ezitshalweni zezinongo — lapho zikhula ndawonye i-mint, i-lavender, i-rosemary, i-oregano futhi isetshenziswa ekuphekeni.

Ekhotini ehlobo ngezinhloso zokwelapha, engadini yamakhemisi, kwanele ukukhulisa izinhlobo ezi-2 ze-hyssop officinalis ngezimbali ezimibalabala. Uma abanikazi begcina imicu yezinyosi, inani lezinhlobonhlobo ngeke lisho lutho: zonke ziyizitshalo ezinhle ezinesihlahla futhi ziheha abathutha impova.

Umbhede wekhemisi ngehisopi officinalis.

Ukulima iHyssop

Zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zehisopi kuyizitshalo ezingenakubekeka phansi. Emvelweni yemvelo, kuhlala ikakhulu i-steppe, izindawo ezinamathela ngamatshe, emithambekeni yezintaba. Isiko liyiqhwa futhi linobusika obunqinile, alunakukwazi ukubekezelela isomiso.

Lapho kukhula i-hicsop officinalis ezimotweni zasehlobo, izitshalo zithanda ukukhanywa kahle, inhlabathi evulekile, ukungathathi hlangothi noma i-alkaline encane, futhi ayikwazi ukubekezelela izindawo ezinamanzi kanye nosawoti. Ngokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi endaweni eyodwa kungaphila iminyaka eyi-10. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5 yokusebenzisa, badinga ukuvuselelwa ngendlela yokufakelwa.

Izidingo Zokunakekela zeHyssop

IHyssop ingakhula noma kuphi engadini, kepha idinga ukukhanya okwanele. Emthunzini, okuqukethwe kwamafutha abalulekile kwehla kakhulu kuwo.

IHyssop isitshalo esijabulisayo kakhulu ngokunakekelwa.

• Isiko leli alithinteki yizifo nezinambuzane, kepha ligula ngokuchelela ngokweqile kanye nokondla.
• Izidingo zokhula zisencane futhi zinikeze izithombo izimbali.
• Ngokuthena okuvamile, isitshalo sesihlahla kahle, siphonsa amakhandlela amasha ngamahlumela
• Amagatsha aqhakaza izimbali omile futhi asetshenziswa kuma-tee kanye nama-decoctions.
• Ebusika, isihlahla siyanqunywa, kushiye amahlazo aphakeme (15-20 cm) ngaphezulu komhlaba.
• Ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwezihlahla, inhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela ifakwe emanzini.

Ukuzala kweHyssop

IHyssop isakazwa ngembewu kanye nesehlukanisi yezitshalo ehlathini nokusikwa.

Ukusakazeka kwembewu yehisopi

Ukusakazwa kwembewu, imbewu yehisopi ingathengwa noma ilungiswe ngokwayo.

Ngokuvunwa okuzimele, iziqongo ezinsundu zezitshalo ezigobhoziwe ziyasikwa bese zibekwa ephepheni. Lapho omile ngokuphelele, amabhokisi aqhekeka, bese imbewu inyakaziswa kalula ephepheni. Imbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka emi-4. I-Hyssop blooms kusuka ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, kepha imbewu ilungele ukukhiqizwa kabusha, kusukela ezitshalweni ezineminyaka emibili.

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile

Ezindaweni ezifudumele, imbewu yehisopi ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini ngaphandle kokuhlakazeka ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Inhlabathi ilungiswa njengenjwayelo ngaphansi kwayo yonke izihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo enhlabathini, izithombo zinwetshwe lapho zifinyelela ubude be-8-10 cm, zishiya ibanga eliyi-15-20-25 cm emugqeni, naphakathi kwemigqa engu-45-50-70 cm.

Isithombo kusuka imbewu

IHyssop ngesikhathi sokusakazwa kwembewu ivame ukuvuthwa ngezithombo. Izithombo zihlwanyelwa ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi emalungiselelweni okhanyayo avunyelwe, oswakanyiswe kahle. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngemifino yokujula kwamasentimitha, etholakala emva kuka-5-6 cm. Ukuhlwanyela kufafazwa nge-substrate eyomile. Ugqoko embozwe ifilimu, ukudala izimo abamba ukushisa kuzo. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, kuvela izithombo zehisopi. Izithombo enkulisa zikhula zingakapheli izinyanga ezi-2, kwesinye isikhathi zibe ngaphansi. Izithombo ziyaqhekeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, zikhulisa ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo ukuya ku-5 cm noma ukutshala ezitsheni ezihlukile. Lapho izithombo zakha amaqabunga ayi-5 eqiniso, izithombo zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngemuva kuka-15-20 cm.

Izithombo zehisopi officinalis.

IHyssop wokusakazisa okusakazayo

Izimbumbulu

Ama-cuttings angama-10-15 cm ubude asikwa ngethuluzi elibukhali entwasahlobo noma ehlobo kusuka amahlumela aluhlaza wesifunda esise-basal. Izithombo ze-Hyssop zitshalwa ngokushesha endaweni okulungiselelwe kuyo noma embhedeni, ezazimbiwe ngaphambili futhi oswakanyiswe ngokwanele nesixazululo sezimpande. Ukuze kube nokubangwa okungcono, okufakwayo kumbozwe ngebhodlela lepulasitiki elitsaliwe noma ifilimu. Isiqu esinezimpande siqhakaza kuphela ngonyaka olandelayo. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kuyafana nakwizitshalo zehisopi yabantu abadala.

Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Bush

Ukuphinda kukhiqizwe ngezinzuzo kuyindlela elula kunazo zonke. Imvamisa, ngeminyaka emi-5 yokutshala, ihisopi livuselelwa ngokutshala. Isihlahla esidala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwentwasahlobo sihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi. Kukhethwe abancane. Ukuqhekeka ngakunye kumele kube nengxenye yohlelo lwezimpande kanye nokudubula konyaka. Ukufiswa kwenziwa emithonjeni engajulile, eniselwa. Ngemuva kokudonsa amanzi, i-mulch nganoma yisiphi isaladi elincane.

IHyssop Ukunakekelwa

• Ngaphambi kokuvalwa kwesisindo sendiza, izitshalo ziyakhulula ngokuhlelekile.
• Ukuchelela kwenziwa kanye njalo emavikini ama-2-3 ngomiswa kwengqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu yezitshalo ezincane kuphela. Ukuchelela okuqhubekayo kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezomile. Inani elincane lomswakama lanele izitshalo. Babekezelela isomiso ngokuzolile.
• Uma kunesidingo, izitshalo ezincane zondliwa kanye ngenyanga ngomanyolo ophelele (ama-nitrofos, ama-nitroammophos nabanye). Enye yezinto ezigqokwa phezulu ingashintshwa ngokwethulwa komlotha wokhuni. Njengoba izimpande zehisopi zibaluleke kakhulu, khona-ke ngeminyaka emi-2 kuye kwemi-3 ubudala, ungaya ekondleni kwesikhathi esisodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Kusebenza, ihisopi liyadliwa uma kunesidingo noma uma selikhulile enhlabathini ephelile.

Ukuthengwa kwe-hyssop officinalis esetshenzisiwe ekhaya

Ukuze kungenalutho okwenziwe ekhaya, iziqongo eziqhakaza zehisopi ziyasikwa, kusukela eminyakeni emi-2 yobudala. Ubude bokusika kwamahlumela kungamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Kunqunywa amahlumela aluhlaza kuphela oluhlaza. Izilaydi noma izithambo azilungile. Yomile, ibekwe ematafuleni, egumbini elomile noma elomiswe endaweni yokushisa ye + 35 * ... + 40 * C. Emazingeni okushisa okomisa aphezulu, izitshalo zilahlekelwa izimfanelo zazo zokuphulukisa. Isitshalo esomile kahle sihlala siluhlaza, sinephunga elimnandi, nokunambitheka okumunyu.