Kufanelekile futhi unakekele i-spirea

ISpirea isihlahla esiqhakaza eziqhakaza izimbali futhi esingenakuzithoba ekunakekelweni; ukutshala kungenzeka ezindaweni eziphakathi naseNyakatho Ntshonalanga neRussia. Igama lesitshalo ngesiGrikhi lisho "ukugoba", okuvela ngenxa yokuvela kwamagatsha agoba phansi.

Ukumelana kwezihlahlana eziqandeni nasezintweni zokushisa ezingazelelwe wayenza yathandwa ezifundeni zase-Urals naseSiberia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibekezelela isomiso kahle, futhi okuvumela ukuthi ikhule ngaphandle kwezinkinga kulezi zindawo zokugcina, lapho kuhlala kunomswakama njalo.

Ngokokuqala ngqa ngesihlahla kwaziwa kusukela ngesihlabelelo esithi "Sadko". Lesi sitshalo saqala ukukhula, njengesitshalo esivande ngekhulu le-XVII.

Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zeSpirea

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo nezinhlobo eziningi zeSpirea, ezikhule kakhulu ezingadini emazweni amaningi, sizonikeza incazelo ethandwa kakhulu.

Birch-leaved

ISpirea Berezolistnaya yathola igama layo ngokufana nokwakheka kwamaqabunga eBirch. Lesi isihlahla esifushane, nje kufika kumasentimitha angama-60. Izimbali ngoJuni nge-inflorescence ye-thyroid ekhanyayo ngombala wepinki.

Pink noma uRosea

Shrub mude kufinyelela kumitha elilodwa nesigamu. Inomqhele oyindilinga onamashidi amade amancanyana. Iqhakaza kusukela ngoJulayi, izimbali ezi-pink ezikhanyayo, ezathola igama lakhe. Isici esingahlukanisiwe yizinga eliphakeme lokumelana nokubanda.

Okumhlophe

Amahlumela weShrub anomumo obunjiwe wombala obomvu omnyama. Amacembe makhulu. Blooms ngezimbali ezimhlophe maphakathi nehlobo. Ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, izithelo zivuthwa.

Shirobana

I-shirobana yaseJapan ifinyelela ukuphakama akukho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-80. Amaqabunga mancane, aluhlaza sathela. Ama-inflorescences angaba mhlophe, apinki futhi abomvu. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kamuva - ukuphela kukaJulayi, ukuqala kuka-Agasti.

ETunberg

Lesi sihlahla somdondo sivame ukukhula ezintabeni nasezigodini zemifula. Ubukhulu kusuka kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwayi-1.5 ukuphakama. Amaqabunga aminyene futhi acishe abanzi. I-inflorescence ngesimo sesambulela. Izinhlobo zilwa nesomiso, ngakho-ke zilungele izindawo ezinjengezinyathelo zama-Urals naseSiberia.

I-Meadowsweet

Olunye uhlobo oluvame ukubangelwa yiSpirea. Lesi sitshalo esidala okungukuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, sikhule endaweni efudumele yeNyakatho Nenkabazwe.

Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani neSpirea, i-meadowsweet ku-botany ibhekisela ezitshalweni ze-herbaceous, hhayi izihlahlana.

Ngaphandle, zifana kakhulu ngesimo seqabunga ne-inflorescence, futhi futhi zihlanganiswe ngumndeni owodwa - opinki.

Kungani uSpirea abizwa ngokuthi "uMfazi wesihlahla"?

I-shrub inesimo esiyindilinga futhi esihle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, iSpirea imbozwe ngezimbali ezincane zombala okhanyayo, okuthi okukhumbuza ngayo ingubo yomshado yelensi. Kungakho abalimi abaningi bayibiza ngokuthi "Isihlahla somakoti."

Ukukhetha indawo yesithombo

KwaSpirea, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanelekile engadini, khona-ke ukunakekelwa okudingekayo kwesihlahla kuzoba kuncane.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iSpirea ayithobeki futhi iyakwazi ukumelana nokubanda nokungabikho kwelanga, izokhula ngokushesha futhi ibe ngcono endaweni efudumele lapho kungekho sithunzi esingaguquki.

Lapho ukhetha indawo, kubalulekile cabanga ukwakheka kwendawo yendawo. I-shrub ibukeka kahle njengezakhiwo zamatshe, njenge uthango futhi ilingana kahle engadini yedwala.

Ukulungiselela ukufika

Into yokuqala ngaphambi kokwehla lungiselela izimpande zesithombo. Uma kulimele, kufanele zisuswe. Izimpande ezinde kakhulu ziyanqunyelwa. Kungcono ukwenza umsebenzi ngensimbi ebukhali ukuze izingcezu zibuye zibe bushelelezi.

Ingxenye engenhla yesithombo ngokwayo nayo ifushaniswa ukuphakama cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobukhulu.
Uma izimpande sezomile, zibekwa emanzini usuku, kuphela ngemuva kwalokho ziqale ukutshala emhlabathini.

Izidingo zenhlabathi nokulungiswa komgodi

Isihlahla sithanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo nenhlabathi evundile. Uma inhlabathi ingubumba, kufanele ihlanganiswe nenhlabathi eshidi, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngokulingana okulinganayo.

Bamba umgodi wokuhlwanyela hhayi ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-50 ukujula nobubanzi obufanayo. Isendlalelo sokudonsa esingamasentimitha ayi-15-20 sibekwa ezansi komthombo ukuvimbela ukubola kwezimpande kusuka emswakama ngokweqile. Amadamu angenziwa kunoma amatshe amancane noma ubumba olwandisiwe.

I-shrub yesikhathi esizayo iwela emgodini endaweni efanele futhi igcwele ngengxube yenhlabathi elungiselelwe. Intamo yezimpande kufanele ihlale ngaphezulu. Ngokushesha emva kwalokhu, ukuthambisa okuningana kanye nomichi mulching kwenziwa ukuze kugcinwe umswakama.

Lapho utshala izithombo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga phakathi kwazo kufanele lisuke kumitha eli-1 noma ngaphezulu.

Kutshalwe iSpiraea entwasahlobo noma ekuweni:

1. Entwasahlobo, yilezo kuphela izihlahla eziqhakaza ehlobo. Umsebenzi osemqoka ukuthola isikhathi sokutshala isitshalo ngaphambi kokuba ama-buds avuleke.
2. Ekwindla, izitshalo zitshalwa noma zitshalwa, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhathi sokuqhakaza siphi.

Kuyadingeka ukuba nesikhathi sokuqedela umcimbi ngaphambi kokuthi amaqabunga awele ngokuphelele. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, izimbobo zokutshala izithombo zilungiswa ngokulinganayo.

Izihlahla

Ngobudala, izihlahlana zeSpirea zikhula futhi zidinga ukuzithensa.

Unyaka nonyaka, kuphela imikhawulo efandisiwe ebusika inqunywa ezihlahleni eziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Amahlumela amadala ahlanzekile kuphela kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-10. Basuswa emazingeni aphansi, futhi awekho amagatsha angaphezu kuka-6 agcinwa amahlumela amasha, azoqhakaza ngokuzayo. Ngemuva komunye unyaka, ezinye amahlumela ezingasasebenzi ziyanqunywa. Futhi ngakho-ke, kancane kancane, unyaka nonyaka, isihlahla siyaphinda sisebenze.

Ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kwenziwa isizini yonke. Ukuthena okwenziwa kahle kwenzeka kuphela entwasahlobo, uma kwenziwa kamuva, isitshalo siba buthakathaka futhi ngeke sibekezelele ubusika.

I-Spirea eqhakaza ehlobo ibalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Amahlumela asikwa afinyelele ezingeni lamahlumela amakhulu. Amahlumela amancane asuswa nhlobo. Amahlumela amadala kufanele asuswe njalo, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo ngeke sibe namandla okuthuthukisa amasha.

Ukunisela nomanyolo

Zonke iSpirea ziyizihlahla ezingazethembi, ngakho-ke, zidinga ukunakwa okungenani.

Ukunisela isihlahla emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa amahlandla amabili noma amathathu ngenyanga. Isihlahla esisodwa sidinga isilinganiso samalitha angama-20 amanzi ngasikhathi sinye. Njengoba izimpande zesihlahlana zingashonile emhlabathini, abakwaSpirea badinga ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyadingeka kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, nangemva kokuthena ukubuyisela amandla. Njengomanyolo, ungasebenzisa umquba owuketshezi kanye ne-superphosphate.

Ukuzala

Kunezindlela eziningana ezisebenzayo zokusakazeka kwesihlahla.

1. Ukusakazwa ngokusika. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokusakazeka kubalimi. Uma kunembile ukulungiselela ama-cuttings ngesikhathi, khona-ke azothatha izimpande ngaphandle kosizo lwabenzeli abakhekile izimpande. Amalungiselelo okusakazwa kwezihlahla eziqhakaza izimbali entwasahlobo zenziwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kanti ama-shanks aqhakaza ihlobo asikwa phakathi ehlobo .. Ukuze kusetshenziswe imbawula, kusetshenziswa amahlumela wonyaka futhi aqinile, ahlukaniswe izingxenye zaba ngama-5 efihlekile ngalinye. Amashidi aphansi esibambo ayasuswa, angaphezulu anqunywe ngesigamu.

   Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa enhlabathini enomswakama futhi ngayinye amboze ngesigamu sebhodlela lepulasitikingaleyo ndlela kudaleke izimo zokugcina ukushisa. Ukuchelela njalo ngalesi sikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lwezimpande.

   Kulesi simo, ukusikwa hlala ubusika. Phezu kwamabhodlela ambozwe ngamaqabunga namagatsha. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.

2. Ukusakazwa kwembewu. Le ndlela yinde kakhulu futhi inzima kakhulu. Kusetshenziswa abalimi ngezinhlobo ezingewona ama-hybrid, ngoba izinto eziguqukayo azisatshalaliswa ngembewu.Okuhlwanyelweni, ama-crockery azodinga ukuphakama okungenani amasentimitha angama-20. Ingxube enomswakama wephepha ne-turf inhlabathi, i-humus nesihlabathi ithululelwa kuwo. Angene kuye hlwanyela imbewu bese umboza ngefilimu. Isitsha sibekwa endaweni emnyama lapho kungekho okusalungiswa.

   Ngemuva kwesonto, kuvela amahlumela okuqala. Ngemuva kwekufika emasentimitha lamabili ekuphakameni, bayashona baphindze bacine bancele emakhanda abo.

   Ngemuva kwenyanga, amahlumela atshalwa engadini. Ebusika, bahlanza izitsha futhi endlini futhi kuphela entwasahlobo elandelayo abazitshala endaweni ehlala njalo. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3-4, izihlahla ziyaqhakaza.

3. Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, esinye se amahlumela anamandla kakhulu wonyaka we-Spirea gibela phansi, lungisa futhi ulale ingxube yenhlabathi.Uma ihlumela lide, ungalifafaza ezindaweni eziningana ngasikhathi sinye futhi uthole izithombo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Ekwindla, izimpande zenza bese ungahlukanisa futhi utshale isitshalo.

Ngokubuna ngokuphelele, ungenza i-incision ku-stem endaweni lapho ihlangana khona nomhlabathi.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Izinambuzane nezifo zivame ukuthinta izihlahlana. Kwesinye isikhathi izimbuzane ze-aphid noma zesicabucabu zihlala emahlumela eSpirea. Ungalwa nezilokazane usebenzisa noma yimuphi umenzeli wamakhemikhaliithengwe esitolo sezimbali noma ngesixazululo njalo sensipho.

Amaqabunga esihlahlana angawa kusuka emazingeni okushisa aphansi noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ashiswe yilanga. Ilungisa ukuguqulwa kwendawo noma ushintsho.

Igobolondo lesihlahla sasebusika

Naphezu kohlelo olusondele kakhulu lwezimpande, isihlahla sibekezelela iqhwa kalula. Izinhlobo eziningi zibekezelela amazinga okushisa aze afike ku-50 degrees. Izinhlobo ezithile kuphela zeSpirea ezidinga ukulungiswa okukhethekile kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ikakhulukazi izihlahlana eziphansi.

Ukuze ungabeki engcupheni isitshalo ebusika, kufanele siboshwe esixukwini bese sitshekelwa phansi. Phezulu ngamahlamvu kanye sawdust, bese uyimboza ngamagatsha.

ISpirea kulula ukuyinakekela futhi ayithathi isikhathi esiningi, kepha iqhakaza kahle kakhulu futhi ngokuqinisekile izoba ngumhlobiso okhanyayo wanoma iyiphi ingadi.