Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungazikhulisa kanjani izithombo zama-aster waminyaka yonke kusuka imbewu imbewu ekhaya: izimo ezibalulekile futhi ezibalulekile zokutshala.
Ungakhula kanjani izithombo zama-aster waminyaka yonke kusuka imbewu imbewu ekhaya
Unyaka omuhle ngokungajwayelekile i-aster.
Ukutshala lezi zimbali kwaqala ukubandakanyeka engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19.
Futhi namuhla uwuhlobo lwesitshalo esithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi.
I-Astra isetshenziswa njengomhlobiso kumibhede yezimbali, imibhede yezimbali, futhi iklanyelwe ukusikwa.
Emvelweni, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zama-asters, aze afike kumashumi ezinkulungwane. Zonke izinhlobo ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesimo sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, osayizi bezinhlahla, amabala.
Isikimu sombala we-asters sibuye sihluke kakhulu futhi singamelwa njengombala omhlophe noma obomvu, ophuzi noma onsomi, kanye nezinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokufaka imibala ezinhlotsheni ezithile.
Njalo ngonyaka, abafuyi bezitshalo banikela ngezinhlobo ezengeziwe futhi ezithakazelisa kakhulu, ezihlukaniswa ubukhazikhazi bama-buds nemibala egqamile.
Izithombo zezinkanyezi - izeluleko namacebo okukhula
Ake sibheke ngemininingwane eminingi ukuthi zingatshalwa kanjani izithombo zonyaka ka-aster nokuthi imaphi amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele acatshangwe ngalokhu.
Aza kanjani ama-aster ngonyaka?
Ukusakazeka kwama-asters kwenzeka kuphela ngosizo lwembewu.
Ngenkathi kugcinwa izimo ezijwayelekile zokugcina, umthamo wazo wokuhluma ugcinwa kuze kube yiminyaka emibili, ngonyaka wesithathu leli khwalithi liqala ukuwohloka kakhulu kanye namandla okuhluma.
Ama-aster atshala nini izithombo?
Njengomthetho, ama-aster wonyaka wezithombo angatshalwa ngekota yesithathu kaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Izinsuku ezisondele zokutshala i-asters ngesifunda:
- Ezifundeni eziphakathi neRussia, ishumi lesithathu likaMashi - ishumi lokuqala lika-Ephreli,
- Ezifundeni eziseningizimu nesifunda iBlack Earth - ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Isikhathi sokugcina sokuhlwanyela singomhla kaJuni 10.
Ngezimbali, ama-aster yile:
- ukuqhakaza kwasekuqaleni kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-90 ngemuva kokuvela kwezithombo zokuqala .;
- izimbali eziphakathi nendawo - zenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-110 ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala;
- sekwephuzile - kuqhakaza cishe izinsuku ezingama-130 ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala
Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukubala ngokunembile usuku lokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake inkathi yokukhula yezinhlobonhlobo ezithile.
Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ngokuhambisana nekhalenda lenyanga.
Yimuphi umhlabathi osetshenziselwa ukutshala ama-aster wonyaka kuzithombo?
Ngokuvamile, ama-asters abonakala ngokungathobeki lapho ukhetha umhlaba wokutshala. Kepha ukukhetha okungcono kungaba inhlabathi evundile.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kungakuhle ukusebenzisa ukuxubana kobumba okusha, okungasalanga kweminye imibala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi kufanele ibe nokwakheka okukhululekile, iqukethe i-humus encane, idlulise umswakama kahle futhi igcwale ngengxube yesihlabathi.
Amabhokisi ezinhlanyelo agcwele le ngxube, futhi phezu kwawo sisabalalisa izingqimba zesihlabathi somfula u-calcined 1 cm ukuphakama.
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-asthma fusarium, udinga ukuhlanza inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala ngesixazululo pinki se-potanganum permanganate noma isikhunta.
Ungatshala kanjani imbewu yama-asters waminyaka yonke kuzithombo?
Inhlabathi elungiselelwe idinga ukushiswa kancane, yenze imifino ibe yinduku emincane futhi ihlwanyele imbewu.
Imbewu ye-Aster inkulu kakhulu, ihlwanyelwa kumuntu ojule ngo-1 cm ngemuva kuka-2-3 cm ngayinye, ifafazwe ngaphezulu kwayo ngesihlabathi esifanayo ngesendlalelo esingu-5 mm.
Ngaphambi kokuvela, izinga lokushisa lekamelo ligcinwa ku-18-20 ° C.
Ama-Shots ajwayele ukuvela ngosuku lwesihlanu.
Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-aster seedling njalo ngonyaka ukuze ifike emaholidini kaMeyi - imvamisa inika umoya egumbini futhi ngezikhathi ezithile uyinisele kuphela, ligcina izinga lokushisa elizinzile elingaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-17.
Izithombo kufanele zikhanyiswe kahle amahora angu-14-16, uma kungenjalo iyoluka ibe buthakathaka futhi ingathandeki.
Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, sondla izithombo ngama-nitrofos noma i-Agricola-7. Kulokhu, sifaka isipuni esisodwa sokwakheka ngakunye kumalitha amabili amanzi.
Ukuqothula izithombo nokutshala izithombo emhlabathini
Kungcono ukutshuza izithombo ngokubukeka kwamaqabunga okuqala eqiniso, kuyilapho izithombo zidinga ukujulwa kumakhasi e-cotyledon.
Zitshalwe ezimbizeni noma ebangeni elingama-7 cm phakathi kwezitshalo emabhokisini enomhlaba.
Lapho kufika ingxenye yesibili kaMeyi, izithombo zingadluliselwa emhlabathini, bese zimbozwa ngezimbotshana ezilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile kuze kube ishumi likaJuni.
Ukuhlonza nokulungiselela indawo efikayo akunzima.
Kulokhu, kungenzeka kakhulu ukhethe indawo eyomile nelishiswe yilanga.
Kuyadingeka ukufaka umquba ngenhlabathi nge-humus (okungenani ama-4 kg) nesihlabathi somfula, engeza i-peat. Yethula isipuni esisodwa se-superphosphates ne-potassium sulfates, ungakhohlwa nge-urea.
Bumba inhlabathi ibe ngama-coarse angaphezu kwama-28 cm.
Izimbali zomngcele ophansi zitshalwa ngebanga le-15-20x15-20 cm, eliphakathi - 25x25 cm, eliphakeme - 30x30 cm.
Ama-Asters athathwa njengotshani abathanda ukukhanya futhi aqine, angamelana nezinga lokushisa elingama-degrees angu-3 ngaphansi kweziro.
IBlossom iqala cishe izinyanga ezingama-3.5 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, futhi iyaqhubeka nokuthokozela ngezimbali zayo okungenani izinsuku ezingama-45.
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zama-asters waminyaka yonke
Abalimi abadumile batusa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-aster waminyaka yonke wokutshala:
- I-claw karteiser.
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezijabulisa kakhulu.
Ihluka ngesimo se-piramidi nokuqina kwama-peduncle.
Izimbali zinombala omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi zihlanganiswa zibe amashubhu amade.
Izimbali ezinjengama-aster ziqhakaza ngoJulayi bese ziphela ngoSepthemba.
- Umbhoshongo onsomi
Lokhu ukuhlukahluka okudumile kakhulu, okuphawuleka ngokuthi isihlahla sithatha indlela yekholamu.
I-aster eyodwa iqukethe kuze kufinyelele ku-15 izakhiwo ezingama-15 zohlobo lwe-hemispherical of buds ngendlela yezinhlanga ezicindezelwe kakhulu.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zitshalwa uma umoya ufudumala ufinyelela kuma-+18 degrees, lapho kwenzeka khona izithombo zingalindelwa zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-8-15 emva kokuhlwanyela. Ama-blooms wesitshalo, aqala ngoJulayi, agcina izihluma ezifanayo ngoSepthemba wonke.
- Ama-Red Bolero Buds
Inezimbali eziphindwe kabili, zakha i-inflorescence ye-hemispherical.
Ihlukaniswa yi-branching, kanye nangesiqu esinamandla, sikhula size sifinyelele ku-65 cm ukuya phezulu, ukuqhuma kusuka ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti kuze kube yi-frost kaSeptemba.
- Uzipho lwegolide
Isitshalo esinjengesiphiramidi esine-inflorescence eyi-oval efinyelela kubukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-15. Izimbali zamaReed ziyishubhu elingumugqa omncane lemibala ephuzi yegolide.
Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lwe-aster lusetshenziselwa ukutshala kumibhede yezimbali esetshenzisiwe ngamaqembu, nakwezaphulelo - emigqeni. Isitshalo sifinyelela ku-70 cm ukuphakama. Iqhakaza kusuka ngoJulayi kuya maphakathi no-Agasti.
Siyethemba manje, ngokwazi ukuthi ungazikhulisa kanjani izithombo zama-aster waminyaka yonke kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, uzozikhulisela ekhaya wedwa.
Iba nengadi enhle !!!
