Eqenjini lonyaka kwenziwa izitshalo eziningi ezingazinakekeli ngokunakekelwa. Kodwa-ke, i-verbena ayihehi ngaleli khwalithi. Abalimi abaningi bayayikhulisa ngezakhiwo zabo siqu ngenxa yephalethi elinombala ocebile, izimbali eziningi futhi ezinde. Kepha noma kunjalo, njengasesimweni sanoma yisiphi isitshalo sokuhlobisa, lapho utshala futhi unakekela le mbali, izici ezithile kufanele zibhekwe, ikakhulukazi uma umlimi ekhetha indlela yokukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
Incazelo yezitshalo
Uhlobo lwe-verbena lufanekisela umndeni we-verbena we-proway, ofakiwe Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-250 zezitshalo zonyaka nezonyakaIndawo yokuhlala yayo yemvelo iyindawo ezishisayo nezindawo ezisabisayo zaseMelika.
- kwinqubo yokukhula, yakha isigaxa esiqondile sesimo se-tetrahedral, esihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezinjenge-carnation ezinjenge-Palelette enombala ohlukahlukene;
- Izingcezu ezingama-30-50 zokwethuka noma i-corymbose inflorescence zakheka kumahlumela;
- nenkathi yezimbali ye-verbena idonsela ukunaka hhayi kuphela ngokubukeka kwayo okuhle, kodwa nephunga layo elimnandi, elimnandi kakhulu;
- amacembe ama-oblong akhula kuma-petioles amafushane, akhiwe maqondana nomunye.
Okokuqala, indoda yajwayelana nalesi sitshalo ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili. Yize namhlanje kunezinhlobo eziningi ezaziwayo ezingezitho zhlobo lwehlobo, noma kunjalo, ezithandwa kakhulu yi-verbena hybrid. Njengomthetho, leli gama lisho zonke izinhlobo zamagadi nezinhlobonhlobo ezenziwe ngokudalwa kanye nzalo.
I-Hybrid Verbena. Ochwepheshe bayo bangama-perennials, kepha ekuthambeni kwethu kukhula njengesitshalo sonyaka. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, iziqu eziqonde ngqo, iziqu ezinamagatsha anamile zikhula kuye. Amaqabunga anomumo obala futhi afinyelela ubude obungu-5-8 cm, akhula kuma-petioles amafushane, akhiwe maqondana nomunye. Isibonakaliso esibonisa ngeziqu namahlamvu ubukhona be-pubescence. IVerbena inama-inflorescence amancane afinyelela kububanzi obuyi-1.5-2,5 cm, anomumo ohlukile futhi avezwa ngesimo sezambulela zezingcezu ezingama-3-60.
Ukuheha kwezimbali kuhlinzeka ngemibala ehlukahlukene, angafaka umbala omhlophe, opinki, ophuzi, obomvu okhanyayo, we-maroon, we-salmon, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinhlobo zemibala emibili nazo zingafakwa ohlwini. Izimbali zokuqala zivulwa ngoJuni bese ziyaqhubeka nokuhlobisa insimu kuze kufike isithwathwa sokuqala. Imbewu incane kakhulu, iba nombala onsundu-nsundu, iqhubeke nokusebenza iminyaka emi-2. IHybrid Verbena isabalale ngendlela yezindlela ezimbili ezingadi ezibalulekile: igxobhoza elikhulu futhi eliphansi.
I-Verbena enhle
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukunwetshwa kwezinkampani ezikhulisa izimbali kuphinde kwaqalwa ngembewu yohlobo olunje nge-verbena enhle noma enhle. Lona unyaka omuhle kakhulu wonyaka ongakhula ngesikhathi sokukhulal kuze kube ngu-30 cm ubude nama-50 cm ububanzi. Le mbali ingasetshenziswa ukuhlobisa izimbiza zezimbali.
Ukugqama kwe-verbena enhle ukuthi iziqu zayo zihlotshiswe ngezimbali ezincane kunasekuhlanganyeleni. Kepha isikhalazo esingeziwe kulolu hlobo sinikezwa ngamaqabunga e-openwork. Umbala obonakalayo we-inflorescences ngu-grey-onsomi. Lesi sitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza ngoJuni, kube nezimpawu zokuthi ziya kuphela ngoNovemba. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-verbena, uhlobo olubizwa nge- "Imagination" lithandwa kakhulu. Ihlukaniswa amahlumela ama-branching acwebile akhula afike kubude obungamasentimitha angama-50. Ubuye nezimbali ezinsomi. Lesi sitshalo singatshalwa emabhokisini e-balcony, emiphongolweni yezimbali nakumabhasikidi wezimbali.
I-Verbena bonar
Amathuba amahle ongawasebenzisa ekwakhiweni komhlaba I-Bonar noma i -Argentina verbena. Indawo yayo yokuqala ibizwa ngeMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala zikhula ngohlobo lwezihlahla eziqonde phezulu ezifika ku-100-120 cm. Esigabeni sezimbali, kukhula izimbotshana ezincane ezithandekayo, ezisiza kamuva ekwakheni ama-inflorescences amise okwama-umbrella. Lezi zamuva ziqukethe izimbali ezincane ezinsomi. Izitshalo zabantu abadala zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinokuphikisana okuhle nokufika sekwephuzile kwentwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukutshala izitshalo ezinjalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi ujabulele ukubukeka kuze kube sekwindla.
IVerbena inzima
Izinguquko iqembu lama-perennials, laqala ukutholakala eCentral naseNingizimu Melika. Kodwa-ke, ekuthambiseni kwethu kungakhula kuphela njengonyaka. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwakha iziqu ezinwabuzelayo, futhi yena isihlahla asidluli ukuphakama okungama-50 cm. Kubonakala ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali eziningi, okuqala kakade ngoJuni-Julayi, futhi kuphela kuphela ngo-Okthoba. I-Verbena ingaba nezinhlobonhlobo zemibala eyahlukene - ilac, pink-lilac, nsomi-lilac, ikhula ifike kububanzi obuyi-1 cm. Ngokuvamile, izimbali zalesi sitshalo zakha ama-inflorescence amancane. Kukhona futhi nzalo enezimbali ezimhlophe ezingumphumela womsebenzi wabazalisi.
I-Verbena: ikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ekhaya
Izindlela ezinkulu ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala izilimo ukuhlwanyela imbewu nokusika. Lapho ukhula i-verbena ekhaya, into yokuqala oyidingayo hlwanyela imbewu yezithombo.
kaningi, ukuhlwanyelwa kuhlelwa ekuqaleni kukaMashi, futhi njengomthamo wokusebenzisa basebenzisa amapuleti agcwele inhlabathi yokukhanya enamanzi;- ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, kuyadingeka ukumboza imbewu ngesendlalelo esincane se-humus;
- imbewu imila ngokushesha uma isitsha esinezitshalo sigcinwa egumbini lapho kufanele sivikeleke khona elangeni nasemisetshenzisweni eqondile;
- Izinga lokushisa elinconyelwe ubuncane lingu + 18 degrees.
kaningi, ukuhlwanyelwa kuhlelwa ekuqaleni kukaMashi, futhi njengomthamo wokusebenzisa basebenzisa amapuleti agcwele inhlabathi yokukhanya enamanzi;Imvamisa ukwakheka kwezithombo zokuqala kwenzeka ngezinsuku ezingama-20-30. Inqubo ephumelelayo ukubeka imbewu endaweni yokukhuthaza ukukhula, ukuze ulinde izithombo zokuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Lapho usebenzisa imbewu yeBonar verbena yokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwemvelo kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokubekwa emhlabathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka imbewu kwindwangu emanzi, bese uyisonga esikhwameni sepulasitiki bese uyidlulisela esiqandisini, lapho kufanele ihlale khona izinsuku ezingama-3-5. Ngemuva kwenqubo efanayo yokuqina, ukuhluma kwembewu kuyanda kakhulu, izithombo ziba namandla, zibekezelele kangcono izici ezingezinhle. Ukufinyelela isilinganiso esiphakeme kunazo zonke sokuhluma kwezinhlobo zembewu yaseCanada, azihlwanyelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqoqwa, kodwa kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-2-3. Imbewu ye-hybrid verbena ihluma okubi kunakho konke - imbewu eyi-100, azidluli ezingama-30.
Ukutshala Izithombo zeVerbena
Ukuthola izithombo ze-verbena eziqinile nezinempilo, udinga hlinzeka izitshalo ngokunisela okuhle. Uma, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, nisela inhlabathi yokutshala ngokucophelela, khona-ke emva kokuhluma kwezithombo, njengomthetho, ugula ngomlenze omnyama, kanye nokubola. Ukuqinisekisa izithombo ngensimbi efanelekile yomswakama, kunconywa ukufafaza izitshalo ngesibhamu sokufafaza, uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi ayomile ngaphandle.
Ngemuva kwenyanga, izitshalo zifinyelela esigabeni sokukhula lapho zingantshontshelwa khona ezimbizeni noma ezitsheni zezithombo. Emavikini amabili alandelayo, kufakwa umanyolo onzima ngaphansi kwezithombo, futhi kuyadingeka ukunamathisela phezulu kweqabunga lesihlanu ukuthola isihlahla esingcono. Lapho kukhula izinhlobo ezingaphansi kakhulu, zivame ukwakha amahlumela amaningi amasha akudingeki ukuba wakhe. Umzuzu omuhle wokudlulisela i-verbena endaweni yaphakade kwenzeka lapho igagasi lokugcina lokubuya kwentwasahlobo selidlulile.
Ukuze izithombo ze-verbena zikhule kangcono emhlabathini ovulekile, ngeke kulimaze ukufeza inqubo yokuqina ngaphambi kokufakelwa. Ukwenza lokhu, emavikini ama-2-3 kuthunyelwa kumgwaqo, kuvulandi noma ku-loggia, inqobo nje uma isimo sezulu sivumela inqubo efanayo. Kusihlwa, iziqukathi ezinezitshalo kufanele zibuyiselwe egumbini. Ezitshalweni ze-varibenal kanye ne-hybrid verbena, kunconywa ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yokusika. Ezitshalweni ezinjalo, kulula ukulungiselela ukusikeka okuthatha izimpande ngokushesha bese kungena isigaba sokuqhakaza ngaphambili. I-Agrotechnology yokuzala kufaka hlangana nezenzo ezilandelayo:
- ekwindla udinga ukugaya isihlahla sikamama;
- khona-ke idluliselwa epanini lezimbali futhi igcinwe kuyo yonke inkathi yasebusika egumbini lapho kufanele ipholile futhi ilula khona, ukuthambisa kufanele kube njalo, kepha kube ngokulinganayo;
- kakade ngoMashi, kuyadingeka ukusika izingcezwana kusuka ku-alcohol yotshwala bese udlulisela kwisakhi somzimba sezakhi zomsuka ukuze ubambe;
- ngokuzayo, lesi sitshalo sihlinzekelwa ngokunakekela okufanayo, njengoba kunjalo ngesampula ezitshalwe kusuka ezinhlanyelweni.
I-Verbena: Ukutshala nokunakekela
Izithombe zezitshalo ngesikhathi sezimbali ziyisikhuthazo esihle kakhulu kulabo abafuna ukukhula i-verbena endaweni yabo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ulungiselele ngokushesha iqiniso lokuthi ngeke kube lula.
Lesi sitshalo sizizwa sihle uma ukutshala kwayo kwenziwa enhlabathini evundiswe kahle equkethe inani elanele lezinto eziphilayo. Ngemuva kwalokho i-verbena izokwazi ukujabulisa ngezimbali eziningi. Lapho utshala izinhlobo ezinamakhompiyutha, kunconywa ukubeka izitshalo hhayi eduze kuka-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Ngokuqondene nezinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo, zigcina isikhathi esingafani nhlobo - 25-25 cm .. Uma ukutshala kwenziwa emhlabathini owomile ngokweqile, khona-ke okokuqala kudingeka unisele imithombo ngamanzi, ulandela iphethini - 0.5 l wamanzi ngesitshalo ngasinye. Ngemuva kwalokho alinda aze amuntshwe amanzi, kuthi emva kwalokho izimpande zezitshalo zifakwe kugquma oluyimphumela yobumba. Ngemuva komngcele wethambo lobumba lembali, kubalulekile ukuthulula ungqimba lomhlaba owomile bese unyathela kancane inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo.
Emavikini amabili kuya kwantathu okuqala ukusuka esikhathini sokutshala, isitshalo sidinga ukuhlinzekwa ngokuchelela njalo. Ngemuva kwalokho uzoqhakaza kakhulu ngaphambili.
Ukhumbula ukuthi entwasahlobo, abahlali behlobo abanaso isikhathi esiningi sokutshala ingadi, kunengqondo ukucabanga ngokuthenga izithombo ezenziwe ngomumo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungakwenza izindawo zokuxhumana ezingadini, izitolo, izimakethe noma imibukiso yezitshalo. Kungcono ukuthenga izitshalo ezinamaqabunga amaningi ngokukhula emhlabathini ovulekile, obekungafanele ukuthi ukhule kakhulu, amahlumela amade, kanye nezimpawu zomonakalo yizilokazane nezifo.
Isiphetho
IVerbena ingeyoqembu lezitshalo zaminyaka yonke, ezaziwa ngabalimi abaningi abanolwazi ngokuzithoba kwalo ekukhuleni. Futhi yize abatshali bezimbali abaningi abaqala, ngokunokwenzeka, bengakaze bezwe ngalesi sitshalo ngaphambili, kufanele futhi basinake. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ulwazi lwabo oluncane ekukhiqizweni kwezitshalo luzokwanela ngokwengeziwe ngisho nokukhulisa izitshalo ze-verbena eziqinile nezinempilo ngokutshala imbewu.
Ukulima nokunakekela lesi sitshalo kuzoba lula kakhulu uma cabanga ngezintandokazi ze-verbena, ngoba kungcono kakhulu uma yonke imisebenzi ihlelwe kucatshangelwa izici zesitshalo. Lapho-ke kuzobonga umlimi ngesimbali eside futhi esiningi.
