Minyaka yonke, abantu abaningi bayashintsha baye ekudleni okunempilo. Futhi noma yikuphi ukondleka okufanelekile kokudla okuluhlaza noma imifino akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwezithelo, imifino namakhambi amasha. Isaladi ingenye yemikhiqizo engabaluleki equkethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini, amaminerali, usawoti, ama-organic acid nezinye izinto eziningi eziwusizo. Izilimo zemifino eluhlaza ziwusizo olukhulu kuwo wonke umzimba, futhi ikakhulukazi emsebenzini wepheshana lesisu. I-Lettuce ingumkhiqizo ophulukisayo nowokudla okunconywe ngabasebenza ngokudla okunempilo kubantu abanokukhuluphala noshukela. Isibonelo, iLactuca sativa isaladi isitshalo semifino eneminyaka emibili esingatshalwa egumbini lokuhlala futhi sibe nemifino emisha etafuleni unyaka wonke.
Izinhlobo ezifanele
Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zama-saladi, akuwona wonke umuntu ongaletha isivuno esilindelwe embhedeni wewindi. Abalimi abangenaso isipiliyoni, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe izinhlobo ezifanele zokulitshalwa efasiteleni. Izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zilungele kakhulu izimo ezinjalo. Ungathenga izinhlobo "ze-Curly-leaved", "Yellow", Amanda, "Ordinary", "Pepper" (ezifuywayo) noma "Ostinata", "Ngokushesha", "Noran" (wakwelinye izwe) kanye ne-watercress.
Lezi zibalo azikhathaleli futhi azinciphisi inhlabathi, ukukhanyisa kanye nomswakama. Zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi sekuyizinsuku ezingama-20-25 emva kokukhula, isivuno sokuqala singatholakala.
Izinhlobo ezine-lettuce ezinekhanda azilungele izimo zasekhaya, ngoba zifuneka kakhulu ezimweni ezikhulayo. Kubo, izinga lokushisa lomoya elihlala njalo, izinga lokukhanya nokukhanya komswakama kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma okungenani esinye sezimo zokuboshwa singafinyelelwanga, ukwakheka kwe-ovary kungenzeka kungenzeki.
Ungayikhulisa kanjani isaladi ekhaya
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Indawo okulinywe kuyo kufanele ikhanyiswe kahle kuzo zonke izinyanga eziyishumi nambili. Ehlobo, izikhala eziluhlaza zidinga ukuvikela ukukhanya kwelanga, kuthi ebusika, izinsuku ezifushane zokukhanya, ungasebenzisa ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Kunconywa ukumisa amalambu e-fluorescent ngenhla kwamabhokisi okufika endaweni ephakeme okungenani amasentimitha angama-50. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuzothinta kabi ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwesaladi.
Ukushisa
Ezinyangeni ezishisayo zasehlobo, izikhala eziluhlaza kufanele zibe nomthunzi. Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, iziqukathi ezinezitshalo zemifino zingahanjiswa emoyeni noma kuvulandi (loggia), inqobo nje uma le ndawo inomoya omncane. Izitshalo zibekezelela kahle isimo sezulu esipholile ngokushisa kwama-8-10 degrees Celsius.
Amathangi okufikisa
Ubukhulu obufanele bamabhokisi okufika yisitsha esiyisikwele esinobubanzi obuyi-60 cm nokujula okungama-10-12 cm. Kubaluleke kakhulu kwisaladi ukuthi inhlabathi esebhokisini ingome, kepha, kunalokho, igcina umswakama odingekayo isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, iziqukathi ezincane zokukhulisa lesi sitshalo azifanele.
Izinga lokunisela nomswakama
I-Lettuce ifuneka kakhulu ezingeni elikhulayo lomswakama enhlabathini. Ukunisela ngokunganqamuki, okuholela ekushwabeni kokwehla kobumba noma izinga lokushisa elikhuphukayo egumbini, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwengxube yenhlabathi, kunomthelela ekubonakala kwezinguquko ezingezinhle ekwakhiweni kwesitshalo. Kukhanya okuluhlaza okuncane kakhulu futhi izimfanelo zangaphandle nezokunambitheka ziphansi kakhulu. Amaqabunga wesaladi athola ukunambitheka okumunyu futhi abe yimicu.
Inhlabathi
Ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi kumele kube okunempilo kakhulu. Ezitolo ezikhethekile zabalimi nama-florists, ungathenga ingxube ethi "Universal" noma "Yemifino", efanelekile ngokufaka ulethisi, kanye ne- "Biogrunt". Ngokuzimele, ingxube yenhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka kulezi zingxenye: izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus noma i-humus nengxenye eyodwa ye-peat nesihlabathi somfula. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, hlanganisa ingxube yenhlabathi ngokuphelele.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziswa enhlabathini kuphela ngemuva kokuvuna isivuno sokuqala se-watercress. Esikhathini sokukhula, umanyolo awusetshenziswa.
Ukukhulisa ulethisi kusuka Enhlanyelweni
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwenziwa ngendlela engafani nomhlabathi omanzi futhi ohlangene kancane ekutshaleni amathangi. Kuwo wonke amasentimitha ayi-10, amagremu ama-2 weletuce anele. Lapho utshala imbewu ngemigqa, kunconywa ukunamathela ebangeni elithile. Isikhala somugqa: isaladi - 6-8 cm, isizinda samanzi - 10-12 cm. Imbewu zimbozwe ungqimba oluncane (hhayi ngaphezu kwe-1 cm) yenhlabathi evulekile, bese ifafazwa ngamanzi amile okushisa okungenani angama-30 degrees Celsius bese edluliselwa opholile igumbi elimnyama lokushisa elinamazinga ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12 Celsius izinsuku eziyi-7. Ukunakekelwa kuqukethe ukufudumala okujwayelekile - okungenani izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngesonto. Amabhokisi okutshala adluliselwa efasiteleni lapho kufika izithombo.
I-lettuce ekhula kanyekanye ezitsheni eziningana ezinesikhala sokutshala imbewu emavikini ayi-1.5-2 izokuvumela ukuthi uthole imifino ye-lettu njalo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwezitshalo
Ukunisela kwenziwa nsuku zonke ezinye izinsuku. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlale inomswakama ngokulingana, ngaphandle kokuswakama ngokweqile. Isifutho sisetshenziswa kuphela emoyeni owomile ongaphakathi.
Ukushisa okuthandekayo - kusuka ku-16 kuye kuma-20 degrees. Kumazinga okushisa aphezulu, kunconywa umoya omncane.
Izitshalo ezinwebayo zenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo licishe libe ngu-8 cm .. Izithombo ezikude zingatshalwa ekutshaleni iziqukathi lapho kutshalwa khona izithombo zamatamatisi noma ukhukhamba.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Amasaladi amaqabunga kufanele akhishwe emhlabathini kanye nengxenye yezimpande, emva kwalokho izimpande kufanele zikhishwe emhlabathini. Ungasigcina isivuno emakhethini okhuni noma epulasitiki endaweni eqondile ngaphansi kwefilimu esobala egumbini elimnyama, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya ligcinwa khona cishe kuya kuma-2 degrees Celsius.
I-Watercress ingakhiqiza isivuno eminingana uma amaqabunga avuthiwe asikwa ngokucophelela futhi inhlabathi enengxenye esele yesitshalo ipha umanyolo wamaminerali. Ngemuva kokudla okunjalo okwengeziwe, i-watercress iphinde yakha ingxenye yamaqabunga.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokwakhiwa kwezimo ezivumayo kusuka kusikwele esisodwa senhlabathi, ungakhula cishe amagremu angama-50 ulethisi kufasitela.
