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Ukhula raspberries ezweni

Okusajingijolo - ethandwa abalimi abaningi, self-pollinating, shrub zisetshenziswa, izithelo izithelo elimnandi, enempilo futhi esihlwabusayo.

Ingxenye engenhla yesitshalo:

  • amahlumela amancane akhule ehlobo;
  • amahlumela nge obukhulu, amagxolo aqinile, unyaka wesibili wokuphila, kuba phezu kwabo lapho amajikijolo akhiwa.

Ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba:

  • uhlelo lwempande olunamahlumela lwakhiwe kuwo, okuvela kulo amahlumela kamuva - inzalo;
  • ingxenye yesiqu ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi ngezinso ezakhekile. Amahlumela avela kule efihlekile enjalo amahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni;
  • izimpande ezingaphansi.

Siza! Ama-raspberry aqukethe izithako ezahlukahlukene ezisebenzayo: i-fructose, ushukela, i-fiber, ama-pectins, imibala kanye nama-tannins, amavithamini e-B, i-carotene, i-potassium nosawoti wethusi, i-phytosterol, i-β-sitosterol. Futhi, kukhona ama-asidi: i-formic, i-citric, i-salicylic, i-folic, i-malic. Ngokuqondene nokwakheka okunothile kangako, amajikijolo amemezele izakhiwo ze-antiseptic nezama-antipyretic.

I-Agrotechnics Raspberry Ukukhula

Ama-agrotechnics alungile wokutshala i-raspberry awabandakanyi nje ukutshala okuqondile kwezitshalo, kodwa futhi nokukhethwa kwesakhiwo sama-raspberry, ukulungisa inhlabathi, izithombo kanye nembewu, ukukhetha umanyolo omuhle kakhulu wesitshalo esinikeziwe futhi, ngokubheka umbuso wokunisela.

Ukulungiswa kwesiza

Kubalulekile! Ama-raspberry awalungele zombili izindawo ezomile nezindawo ezinomswakama omningi womhlaba (izindawo eziphansi, izigodi). Ezimweni zombili zokuqala nezesibili, izitshalo zinenkinga yezifo ezahlukahlukene, ezinciphisa kakhulu umkhiqizo. Leli siko likhula kahle, lithuthuka futhi lithela izithelo emalulini akhanyayo naphakathi nendawo, kanye nenhlabathi enesihlabathi esimanzi ngokutholakala kwe-humus, amanzi kanye nezinto zamaminerali.

Indawo nezici zesayithi yizinto ezibalulekile ukuthi abalimi kufanele banake ngazo ukukhulisa umkhiqizo lapho kukhula ama-raspberries:

  • Okokuqala, indawo engaphansi kwe-raspberry kufanele ingene umoya kahle, kepha ingavuleki kuyo yonke imimoya. Kungcono ukukhetha isiza ekhoneni lengadi noma lapho amahlahla ohlangothini olulodwa ezovalwa ngocingo noma ngodonga oluthile, lapha-ke, kunesigaqa esisodwa - izihlahla zitshalelwanga kude kube ngama-50 cm ukuvikela uhlangothi olulodwa (udonga, uthango). Kulokhu, izitshalo zishaywa ngokukhululekile yizinsimbi zomoya, futhi ngasikhathi sinye azihlushwa yimimoya enamandla yomoya;
  • lapho uhlela izihlahla zomjikijolo, ochwepheshe bezolimo batusa ukuhlela imigqa yamabhasi ukusuka ohlangothini olusenyakatho-nasempumalanga kuye eningizimu-entshonalanga noma ukusuka enyakatho kuye eningizimu;
  • ukubopha nokuntuleka kokukhanyisa, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukutshala izihlahla phakathi kwemigqa yezihlahla, nakho akukuhle, ngoba ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo amagatsha amancanyana (amahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni senzalo) aphakama kakhulu, acashunwa amagatsha athela izithelo. Ngokufanelekile, isikhathi sokukhula, kanye nesikhathi sokukhula, sibambezeleka kakhulu futhi lesi sitshalo asinaso isikhathi sokulungiselela ngokuphelele ukubanda, ngaphezu kwalokhu, ingozi yezifo iyavela;

Iseluleko! Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba batshale imigqa yama-raspberries emendweni engadini engaphambili noma eduze kwesango. Lapha, njengomthetho, uhlala ukhanya impela, futhi kunakekelwa kakhulu ama-raspberry ngoba izitshalo zihlala "zibonakala".

Inhlabathi. Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-raspberries, ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi kufaka ukumba, ukukhulula kanye nokufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi:

  • indawo ekhethiwe yambiwa yafika ekujuleni kwama-32 cm (i-average shovel bayonet) noma kancane ngaphezulu;
  • ukhula luyasuswa;
  • kufakwa umquba - esakhiweni sama-3 m², ingxubevange ye-12 kg ye-humus, i-80 g ye-potassium ne-170 g ye-superphosphate isilungiselelwe;
  • umhlaba uyaphinda wembiwa, bese ukhululwa;
  • Kulungiswa imisele noma izimbobo ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Iphethini yokufika ingahle ihluke, lesi sikhombisi sincike ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe nendawo yemigqa (eyodwa noma eziningana ezihambisanayo) - 2.5 × 0.5 m, 1.8 × 0.7 m.

Khula raspberries kusuka imbewu

Kubalulekile! Lapho kukhula ama-raspberries kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi akukho ngaphezulu kwama-50% okuzoqhuma kuzo zonke izinto ezitshaliwe, futhi izici zezitshalo ezivelayo zingahluka kakhulu kwabazali. Imvamisa, le ndlela isetshenziswa abafuyi bezitshalo ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha.

Ukuthola imbewu

  1. Ukuze uthole imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme bese ukhulisa ukuhluma, kubalulekile ukukhetha kuphela izithelo ezivuthiwe, futhi ezingcono kakhulu.
  2. Faka kancane ijusi kusuka kumajikijolo, ngale njongo ungasebenzisa i-strainer encane.
  3. Faka i-pulp ephumela esitsheni bese uthela amanzi apholile. Shingisa. Emva kwalokho, izimbewu eziyizimungulu zizophuma, zingaphonswa ngaphandle ngokuphepha. Phinda inqubo izikhathi ezi-5.
  4. Misa imbewu endaweni enomoya, efudumele. Kulokhu, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo akuweli embewini.

Ukutshala imbewu

  1. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhula kwama-raspberries kusuka ezinhlotsheni kuya ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, i.e. entwasahlobo noma ekuweni:
    • ekwindla - ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa emhlabathini ovulekile, ukujula kokuhlwanyelwa kuyinto 2 cm, imbewu imbozwe ngengxube yesihlabathi ne-humus, izakhi zithathwa ngamanani alinganayo;
    • entwasahlobo - Ukuhluma ngaphambi kokuhlwanyelwa kwembewu ngendlela evamile yezithombo kunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Isendlalelo somhlabathi silungisiwe kusuka kusihlabathi, inhlabathi yengadi kanye ne-peat, zonke izakhi kufanele zibe kwisilinganiso esingu-1: 1. Ukujula kokutshala ebhokisini kungama-4-6 mm. Okulandelayo, ukuthambisa okujwayelekile kwenziwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-4 futhi kuvundiswe ngesisombululo se-urea kanye eminyakeni eyishumi.
  1. Ukutshala izithombo ezikhulele ekhaya emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe, ngokohlelo olujwayelekile.

Iseluleko! Ufuna ukuthola izilimo ezinhle, kepha uhlale esifundeni esenyakatho, lapho kubanda khona, futhi ngamahlobo amafushane? - Zama ukhula raspberries endaweni abamba ukushisa. Inqubo enjalo izokwenza ukuthi kufinyeleleke umbuso wezinga lokushisa osondele kakhulu ngokusemandleni kwalesi siko.

Ukukhula raspberries ngokwendlela Sobolev

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokutshalwa kwama-raspberries ngokwendlela yeSbolev kusuka kwendlela yendabuko ukugawulwa kwamahlumela, owenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili:

  1. Intwasahlobo (ukuphela kukaMeyi) - iziqalo zamagatsha wangonyaka odlule, ikakhulukazi, amahlumela akamuva naphakathi nendawo, asikwa ngamasentimitha angama-5 kuya ku-14. Le nqubo inomthelela ekwakhekeni kwenqwaba yama-peduncle, isivuno esikhulayo nokwandiswa okuphambili kwesikhathi sokuzala.
  2. I-Autumn - iziqongo zenzelwe i-bud ephuthwe kahle (cishe 8-14 cm) amahlumela ahlume unyaka wokuqala, ubude be-trim buxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo.

Inqubo enjalo ye-agrotechnical inegalelo ekwakhekeni kwesihlahla, ukunakekelwa okulula nokukhula okuthe xaxa kwamagatsha asele. Futhi okubalulekile, kuma-cut cut kuphuka amanye amaqabunga, lapho kwakhiwa khona izakhi zamuva (amagatsha alandelana).

Ungakhula kanjani ama-raspberries ngokuya ngendlela yeSbolev - amathiphu nama-nuances

Abalimi bavame ukuthakazelwa yimibuzo: Ungakhula kanjani ama-raspberries ngokwendlela yeSbolev? Yibuphi ubunzima nama-nuances angavela ngale ndlela yama-raspberries okhulayo? Yini okufanele uyenze futhi nini, futhi yini hhayi ngokwezigaba?

Futhi, ngokulandelana - izeluleko namacebo:

  1. Owokuqala, wokuthena kwentwasahlobo ukuhambisana nesikhathi, leli yigama eliyinhloko ngalesi nqubo. Isikhathi esihle yizinsuku zokugcina zikaMeyi, izihloko zamahlumela zinqunywe, ukuphakama kwawo kububanzi ukusuka kwesigamu semitha kuya kumamitha. Esikhathini esisele ngaphambi kwamakhaza, ama-buds asele angenhla angama-4-6 azovuka akhule abe amahlumela asebusweni, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ama-buds avela kwi-lateral nawo abe nesikhathi sokulala futhi alungele ubusika.
  2. Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo - kufanele wazi ukuthi indlela yenzelwe ngokuyinhloko:
    • izinhlobo ezinekhono eliphansi lokudubula ukwakheka;
    • Izitshalo ezineminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala;
    • ukuguga, ngokubunjwa okuphansi kwamahlumela, izitshalo.

Izinhlobonhlobo zokukhula okuningana kwenqwaba yezingane namahlumela okufakwa esikhundleni, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa indlela yeSbolev, zidinga ukuncipha okukhulu. Amakati aminyene anciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwendlela futhi anomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo ezinjengokubola nokubala okungububende, kanye nokulimazeka kwezitshalo ezinesiqu se-midge kanye ne-raspberry fly.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela ama-raspberries ngokusho kweSbolev:

  1. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isiko lifuna inhlabathi enomswakama, ukubhala amanzi ngokweqile akwamukeleki, njengoba lokhu kuholela ekuboshweni kohlelo lwezimpande, ukubukeka kwezifo kanye nokuqhakanjiswa kwamagatsha ekukhuleni. Ukuze ulondoloze ibhalansi lamanzi elidingekayo, i-mulching nehhashi elisha noma indle yenkomo iyenziwa. Ungqimba we-mulch cm cm obukhulu, obusatshalaliswa phezu kwenhlabathi eduze kwezihlahla ezi-raspberry, ngemuva kokuchitheka ngamanzi, lwenza uqweqwe olunamandla, olugcina umswakama kahle futhi lubole ngokuqhubeka kwesikhathi, luyinto enhle yomanyolo yesitshalo.

Iseluleko! Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthenga umquba, i-mulching ingenziwa nge-peat, shavings, sawdust noma ngomquba.

  1. Ngezikhathi zentwasahlobo kanye nezasekuqaleni kwehlobo, inhlabathi engaphansi kwe-raspberry kufanele ikhulule. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, kuthinta ungqimba lomhlabathi ekujuleni okungadluli ku-3 cm, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwezimpande futhi, amancanyana amathenda angalimala.
  2. Ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, zonke izitshalo ziguqa emhlabathini (ibanga kusuka emagatsheni ziye enhlabathini cm 40), ziphonswa ngezigxobo zokhuni bese zimbozwa ngezinto zokumboza.
  3. Njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3, kuyadingeka ukufaka umanyolo enhlabathini; umquba, umquba nezimbiwa ezingamaminerali zilungele kangcono lezi zinhloso. Lapho kuhlangene, i.e. ukwethulwa komanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali ngasikhathi sinye, ochwepheshe bezolimo bayeluleka ngokunciphisa imithamo yabo bobabili, ngokususelwa ku-1 m² - 3 g we-nitrogen, 1.6 kg womquba, 4 g we-potassium ne-3 g we-phosphorus.

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