Amahlamvu acwebezelayo acwebezelayo kanye ne-velvety charm yama-corollas amise okwezinkanyezi, aqoqwe ngamambule aminyene ama-inflorescences, ahehe abathandi bemivini engaphakathi. Ukunakekela i-hoya ekhaya kuzoba njengokuthanda komlimi oqeqeshiwe nomuntu ongakhohlwa noma ovame ukuhamba ngebhizinisi. Abaqambi bezangaphakathi bathanda ukusebenzisa lesi sitshalo ukuthola ukuthambeka mpo - amaqabunga acwebezelayo e-hoya anika udonga oluhlaza umphumela okhethekile wokufiphala.
Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingama-51 zifakiwe kuhlobo lwe-Hoya lomndeni wakwaKutrovy, kepha amagama athi ayizi-450 asesimweni sokungaqiniseki. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-hoya akhula eNdiya, eChina, eziqhingini zeziqhingi zaseMalay, eSouth Korea nasemaphethelweni asenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwekazi lase-Australia. Lesi sitshalo sathola igama laso ukuhlonipha umlimi waseNgilandi u-T. Hoy, owachitha impilo yakhe yonke ekhulisa izitshalo ezishisayo ezindaweni ezigcina ukushisa ze-Duke of Northumberland.
Isimo se-Botanical
Ama-Hoya ayizitshalo zisetshenziswa ezinama-curly, ekhuphuka, kwesinye isikhathi ngeziqu eziqondile. Amaqabunga awo anombala obomvu, onesikhumba, ubomvu we-emerald, onesimo se-sheen, aze afike ku-20 cm ubude, ama-5 cm ububanzi, aqhelelene nama-pagag.
Izimbali zinesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, zimhlophe qhwa, ukhilimu, umphuzi, opinki noma usalimoni, ziqoqwe kuma-axillary inflorescence. AmaCorollas ayizingalo ezinhlanu ezinemilenze emihlanu, ezinamanzi, ezibushelelezi, njengokungathi kukhona velvet lapho kuthintwa.
Ngokwesiko elingaphakathi ezindlini, izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi:
- I-meaty hoya, noma i-wax ivy (H. carnosa), ingumvini onezimbali ezinamakha qhwa noma amhlophe qhwa.
- H. ngokubabazekayo (H. imperialis) - isitshalo esikhuphukayo sinezimbali ezinamakha onsomi amnyama.
- I-South Hoya (H. australis) - amaqabaqa ezinwabuzelayo atshalwe ngezimbali ezimhlophe ezineziko elibomvu.
- U-H. muhle (H. bella) - isihlahla esinamahlumela okugqekeza kanye nezimbali ezibomvana ezinephunga elimnandi, elidume ngokukhula okunkudlwana.
Ukuzalela uHoya ekhaya
Ama-Florists enza ukuhlwanyela imbewu kanye nezimpande zokusika iziqu. Ngokubekezelela ngezinga elithile, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule i-hoya evela kuhlamvu lweqabunga elihlukile. Ngaphambi kokufuya i-hoya ekhaya, udinga ukuzijwayela ngezindlela ezikhona zokuthola izitshalo ezintsha.
Isikhathi esihle sokuzalela i-hoya ukuqala kwenkathi yokukhula. Yize lesi sitshalo singenaso isikhathi sokuphumula esimisiwe, izinqubo zokukhula zihamba kancane ngenkathi ebandayo yonyaka. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, i-hoya isengozini enkulu yokuzalwa, yize ukuzama ukubamba izithombo kungenziwa kwezinye izinyanga, kepha hhayi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
U-Hoya: ukusakazwa ngezinsika
Izisiki zisikwa kusuka ku-pagon enempilo. Kufanele kube mfushane - ama-5-6 cm, aqukethe ama-internode amabili nama-pair ama-1-2 amapheshana. Kususwa amaqabunga amaqabunga aphansi, kusale umbhangqwana ongaphezulu. Ngaphambi kokubhoboza i-hoya, isitashi soma amahora ambalwa, khona-ke isilili siphathwa nge-ejenti evuselela izimpande - i-heteroauxin, i-zircon noma impande, futhi ingcwatshwe ngengxube yenhlabathi noma esitsheni esinamanzi.
Ukwahluka kwesiqeshana sokusika kwe-midzi:
- i-peat nesihlabathi ethathwe ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo;
- Izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba ovundile wensimu nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi;
- amaphilisi we-peat;
- i-vermiculite;
- moss sphagnum.
Isitsha esiphethe isibambo esifakwe emanzini noma i-substrate simbozwe ngokhuni lweplastiki noma ngengilazi ngaphezulu futhi oswakanyiswe njalo kusuka ebhodleleni lokufafaza, ungakhohlwa ukuphuma umoya kaningi. Abatshali bezimbali abanokuhlangenwe nakho basebenzisa amabhodlela epulasitiki, ane-cut cut, futhi anikeze ukufinyelela komoya ngokungawukhululi ukhokho.
Isitsha esinezimpande ezisikiwe sibekwa endaweni efudumele lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi kugcinwe amazinga okushisa angama-22 degrees Celsius. Izimpande zizovela ngemuva kwamasonto amabili. Ipulangwe lidluliselwa ebhodweni elizimele ngaphandle kokulinda uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe, ngoba, ngokunwebeka, izimpande ze-brittle zephuka kalula ngesikhathi sokufakelwa.
Ukusakazwa kweqabunga lika Hoya
Iqabunga likhethwe liphilile futhi lilincane, lisike ngesiqephu esincane se-petiole - kulapho iphuzu lokukhula likuyo. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba, uma unqunywe phansi impela, kuzohlala kukhona iqabunga elinamathela emhlabathini, lihambisana nezimpande, futhi ngeke kwakha ihlumela.
Indlela yokuthola ikhophi elisha kusuka ephepheni elihlukile iyafana nokuthi i-hoya isakazeka kanjani ngokusika. Izinto zokutshala nazo zomile futhi ziphathwe nezimpande noma esinye isivuseleli sezimpande. Ukwakheka kwengxube yenhlabathi kuyafana, nokho, amaqabunga atshalwe ebhodweni eligxilile lezingcezu eziningana futhi adliwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi, cishe unyaka, ngaphambi kokuba i-pagon lenze iqabunga eligxilile.
Ukukhula Hoya kusuka Kwimbewu
Ezimweni zasendlini, inqubo yokuvota inzima, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba ngumnikazi wezinto zokutshala. Kodwa-ke, nganoma iyiphi inhlanhla, ingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile noma iyalelwe kusuka kubahlinzeki. Imbewu ye-hoya esithombeni ibukeka incane, i-hemispherical and chestnut emnyama ngombala, ine-fluff ebonakala njenge-dandelion. Kuvuthwa ngamakhanda amancane. Ukutshala kwabo engxenyeni yenhlabathi, equkethe umhlaba wamaqabunga kanye nesodo elixutshwe ne-sphagnum moss, kufanele kube ngonyaka wokuqoqwa.
Amahlumela avela ngokushesha, ngemuva cishe kwesonto. Inhlabathi ihlala iniselwa njalo, kepha qiniseka ukuthi amanzi amaningi angena epanini ngemigodi yokudonsa. Isitsha esinezithombo zigcinwa ekhoneni elifudumele legumbi, futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu isitshalo esinamaqabunga ama-2-4 sitshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngefungus, ngezikhathi ezithile kufafazwe nge-Bordeaux fluid.
Ukwazi ukuthi kukhula kanjani i-hoya kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha ziyatholakala, kepha, ezitshalweni ezixubile le ndlela ayifaneleki ngokuphelele - izici zabazali zezinhlobonhlobo zivame ukulahleka.
Ukufakelwa uH Hoya ekhaya
U-Hoya akathandi ukudluliselwa okwenziwa njalo. Isitshalo esidala sithuthelwa emgodini omusha njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3, amasampula amasha - njalo ngonyaka. Kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi umlimi wezimbali eziqalayo azi ukuthi yiliphi ibhodwe elidingekayo kwi-hoya nokuthi ungasitshala kanjani isitshalo kahle, ukhetha izakhi ezidingekayo kakhulu zokubumba inhlanganisela yenhlabathi.
Ukukhetha kwebhodwe nesikhathi sokufakelwa
AmaSuccante akhula kahle emikhunjini ebanzi, buthaka buqinisa isisindo semifino, "uhlala" isikhathi eside endaweni futhi uyenqaba ukuqhakaza. Ngakho-ke, kuyathandeka ukutshala isitshalo ebhodweni elincane. Izinto okwenziwe ngazo azidlali indima ebalulekile. Umlimi udinga kuphela ukukhumbula ukuthi umswakama uphuma ngokushesha ethangini lobumba kunakwipulasitiki elilodwa, futhi kuzodingeka ulungise imodi yokunisela ngokufanele.
Lapho ukufakelwa i-hoya nakho kubalulekile. Ngobusuku benkathi yesikhathi sasebusika, akufanele uqale ukufakelwa, kungcono ukulinda intwasahlobo.
Izitshalo zathuthelwa kwinhlanganisela yomhlaba omusha ekwindla aziqali kahle futhi zivame ukufa isikhathi eside, zingalulami emisebenzini yokufakelwa.
Umlimi Hoya
Umhlabathi we-hoya utholakala esitolo sezimbali ezikhethekile noma uzenzele ingxenye engezansi. Ukukhetha okungenzeka kwezakhi:
- umhlaba wamashidi - izingxenye ezi-2;
- i-peat - ingxenye eyi-1;
- umhlaba we-turf - ingxenye eyi-1;
- isihlabathi - 1 ingxenye.
Esakhiweni sokutshala izitshalo ezivuthiwe ngokwengeziwe, kunezelwa izingxenye ze-humus ezingama-0.5. Ngosuku olwedlule, i-hoya iniselwa kahle kakhulu ukuze kungabikho zinkinga ngenkathi kususwa imbali ebhodweni elidala.
Nge-Hoya enhle, udinga ingxube yenhlabathi ehlukile - engxenyeni e-1:
- umhlaba wamashidi;
- izimpande ze-fern ezichotshoziwe;
- i-fibrous Peat;
- isihlabathi;
- Izingxenye ezingama-0.5 zezingcezwana ezihlakazekile zamalahle.
Ungatshala kanjani i-hoya?
Kungcono ukuphazamisa izimpande kube okungenani, uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa indlela yokudlulisela. Intamo yezimpande ingcwatshwa ngezinga elifanayo nelase tankini edlule. Faka isitshalo maphakathi nembiza, ubambe ngesandla esisodwa, uthele ngokucophelela inhlabathi ukuze ungalimazi izimpande. Uma i-hoya inezikhubekiso ezinde, ngaphambi kokuhambisa isitshalo esitsheni esisha, ukusekelwa kuyaqiniswa kuso, bese kutshala imbali ukuze kungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande oluxhunywe emgodini ongaphansi.
Isimo esiyinhloko sokufakelwa ukuthi umhlabathi we-hoya kufanele ukhululeke, umoya- kanye nomswakama-uvunyelwe, ngokusabela okungathathi hlangothi noma okune-asidi.
Hoya: ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya ngesithombe
Isitshalo kulula ukusinakekela. Izindlela ezinkulu zokugcina hoya azifani nokunakekela ama-imeyili amaningi.
Izidingo zokubekwa
U-Liana ukhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo ngokugqamile efulethini. Kepha ukushaya ngemisebe evuthayo ebusweni bamapuleti eshidi kumele kungafakwa. Ama-windows sill amafasitela aseningizimu nasempumalanga noma aseningizimu kufanelekile, uma nje kunokukhanya okuhlakazekile.
Isitshalo akufanele siphazanyiswe ukuguquka okuvama okuzungeza i-axis yomthamo wezimbali.
Izintandokazi zokushisa zama-suppulents zifudumele ngokulingana. Esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika kutholakala kumazinga okushisa angaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-12. Ehlobo, izitshalo azinawo umdlandla ngokushisa okukhulu, ziyafisa futhi zibukeke zicindezelwe uma zingasizwa ngokushesha ngokufafaza. Baphendula ngokubonga ngokuthuthela engadini noma kuvulandi, lapho zitholakala khona zonke izinyanga ezifudumele. Ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa lasebusuku liye kumadigri ayi-15 noma kancane, i-hoya ingeniswa endlini.
Ukunisela nokufafaza
Imodi yokuhumusha yokukhulisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hoya ihlukile. Izitshalo ezinamaqabunga alukhuni ziyaphuziswa ngemuva kokomiswa amasentimitha ambalwa wesendlalelo saphezulu sobumba. ISouth Hoya idinga umswakama njalo, kepha hhayi umanzi.
Izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancanyana nama-pubescent zithanda ukukhula engxenyeni engangeneki yomhlaba kanye nomthunzi oyingxenye wamafasitela asentshonalanga. Kodwa-ke, ukugunyazwa kwenhlabathi ebhodweni kufanele kugwenywe.
Isitshalo sithanda ukufafaza, noma kunjalo, ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa lamakamelo kanye nokwehla kwemini, isidingo sokwandisa umswakama somoya siyanyamalala.
Ukondla Hoya
Izitshalo zihlala zondliwa ngengxube yezokumbiwa phansi yokuncela izimbali. Yengeze emanzini wokunisela ngokuhambisana ngqo nezilinganiso ezikhonjiswe umenzi kwiphakheji. Ukuvama kokugqoka okuphezulu kugcinwa kungabi ngaphezu kwesikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.
Ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo i-hoya, uniselwa kahle ngosuku olwedlule. Abanye abalimi banesifiso sokuthi ngabe kufanele kube ne-calcium ekwakhiweni komsoco. Iningi lochwepheshe liyavuma ukuthi lesi sitshalo asiphenduli kabi emanzini alukhuni, ngakho-ke, asisekeli nhlobo le nto.
Iningi futhi linendaba nombuzo wokuthi uyinciphisa nini i-hoye. Lesi sitshalo sinqunywa entwasahlobo ukuze siqale ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombe eziseceleni futhi sinikeze i-liana ifomu elihle kakhulu.
Ungayenza kanjani i-Hoya iqhakaze ekhaya
Abanikazi bezimbali abaningi bakhala ngokuthi i-hoya ayiqhakaza. Ungayinakekela kanjani i-hoya ukuze ujabulele izimbali ezinamakha amangalisayo minyaka yonke? Ama-Florists anolwazi lokukhula kwe-wax ivy ayelulekwa ukuthi ahlele izitshalo ngokulungiswa okubandayo kobusika, anikeze isikhathi sokuphumula, kuyaqabukela ukuthambisa, futhi ungazondli nhlobo. Uma isitshalo sisula ngokufudumele, ngeke kube khona izimbali.
Ngemuva kokuphakanyiswa kwe-hoya wilt, izindebe zezimbali azisikezi - ngesizini ezayo, kuzophinde kwakhelwe izambulela zezimbali.
Umanyolo we-Hoya onokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-bud. Kungcono ukukhetha amalungiselelo anjalo lapho i-nitrogen ingekho ngokuphelele noma kunenani elincane kakhulu.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni kwe-hoya afaka ukufaka amanzi kwe-substrate. Ngenxa yalokhu - ukulimala ohlelweni lwezimpande, bese sonke isitshalo esinezifo zokukhunta. Ukusuka kokuntuleka kokukhanya, umvini ukhula kancane futhi wenqaba ukuquma. Futhi lapho amazinga okushisa ehla egunjini lapho kuqukethe khona, ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-15, alahla amaqabunga.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezikuma-hoyas, kubonakale izinambuzane, imikhaza nezinsaba. Ukwelashwa okuphindaphindayo ngama-insecticides kusiza ukuqeda. Kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nezimpande zama-izimpande - kunzima ukuqaphela, futhi lapho imbangela yesimo esibi sesitshalo isiba sobala, sekephuze kakhulu ukusindisa isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunaka izindlela zokuvimbela - ukubulala amagciwane iziqukathi zezimbali nokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi okuthengiwe.
UH Hoya unabalandeli abaningi. Ukungafinyeleleki kwe-wax yezimbali zayo kuhlala kubangela ukuncoma nokumangala ngesidalwa esingokwemvelo. Ukunakekela i-hoya ekhaya kusemandleni wonke umuntu, ngisho nomlimi ongenalwazi. Kuyafaneleka nje ukusebenzisa hhayi umzamo ongaka. Kepha yeka ukuthi kungumusa ongakanani kulolu hlangothi oluhle kakhulu kanye nama-inflorescence omusa!
