Yize ama-lupins engadumile ngokuhlukahluka kwawo, kuyafaneleka ukubheka izinhlobo ngazinye zalesi sithandwa esithandekayo. Ama-lupin alungele ukumangaza hhayi kuphela ngezinhlobo ze-lupine evame kakhulu enamaqabunga amaningi noma ngezimpawu zokuhlobisa zama-lupins zonyaka ancishwa ukunakwa. Phakathi kwalezi zitshalo kunezinhlobo ezimangazayo ezimfanelweni zazo - Ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika, angaba ukuziqhenya kweqoqo futhi ngokuqinisekile azokhanga kulabo abathanda i-exoticism.
I-Arctic Lupine (Lupinus arcticus)Izihlobo zaseMelika zama-lupins ezijwayelekile
Ama-lupin akaphumi futhi afashini. Abathathelwa ize nge-universal, abathobeki, abaqinile futhi abahlobisa ngasikhathi sinye. Noma yini i-lupins okuxoxwa ngayo, umthelela wabo omuhle enhlabathini kanye nasebuhleni bokuqhakaza kwezimbali zamanzi akunakuphikwa. Kokubili okujwayelekile futhi okujwayelekile kithina okuyi-perennial lupins kuzoxazulula kalula noma iyiphi inkinga yokuqamba. Futhi yize zihluke kancane ngobubanzi, kanti ama-lupine-emaflaya abhekwa ngokungafanele ngokungafani ne-siderata kuphela, lezi zitshalo ziyaziwa kunoma yimuphi umhlwanyeli. Kepha emndenini wama-lupins kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyishumi zezitshalo ezihlobisa kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ama-lupins anjalo abambalwa abake bezwa ngawo, kepha cishe wonke umuntu uhlonishwe - uma kungenjalo ngemvelo, bese ezithombeni ezinemibala.
Ngaphandle kwe-lupins, akekho ongacabanga ngehlobo elilodwa lasehlobo lamazwe asentshonalanga e-USA. Izintaba ezinhle kakhulu ze-Rocky Mountain, izinkundla ezimibalabala zaseColorado, imibono yabelusi baseCalifornia enelanga inesibalo esikhulu "sesithombe" sabo kuma-lupins. Iqembu elihlukile lezinhlobo zemvelaphi yaseNyakatho Melika lihlukile kuma-lupins owaziwa kakhulu ezimeni ezithile zokuhlobisa.
Isici esihlukile sabo bonke ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika uhlelo lwabo lombala. Kulezi zitshalo, cishe njalo umbala umelwa yizithunzi ezibandayo zamanzi abandayo - ukusuka kokumhlophe kuye kokukhanya nokuphakathi nendawo, amathoni athambile aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-lilac, i-lilac, nsomi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujula kwamathoni nemibala ehlukile yombala akumangaze kube ngaphezu kokuhlangana kwezitshalo okungalindelekile nombala wezinsimbi obukhazikhazi. Cishe wonke ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika ayizitshalo ezinomphetho obomvu, onsomi. Amahlamvu ezitshalo abukeka emuhle futhi exakile Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika kuvame ukukhawulelwa kuma-50-60 cm, kepha kukhona izitshalo ezihlangene kakhulu kangangokuba ziqhakaza ngokoqobo emhlabathini. Ama-lupins anjalo akha amabala namagobolondo anezikhala, akhula ngobubanzi, yize izihlahla ezihlaba umxhwele azakheli ukuphakama, kepha ziyakunqoba zihluke ngokuphelele: zibukeka njengezitshalo eziminyene ngokumangalisayo. Akunakwenzeka ukwenza amahlumela kumakhaphethi ngaphansi kwesisindo samaqabunga ahlelwe kakhulu.
Ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika, ngaphandle kwezici ezihlukile, amahlamvu amangalisayo nokuqhakaza okumangalisa ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, anendlela yawo ebalulekile. Lezi zitshalo azilona ize futhi namuhla, ngokuyisisekelo, zaziwa kuphela ngenxa yezihlobo zasendle futhi zimbalwa ezingeniswa esikweni, azikakutholi ukwabiwa nokunakwa okufanele. Ngaphandle kokukhetha, wonke ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika ayizitshalo ezihlala isikhathi esifushane, kaningi futhi angama-monocarpics, avuselela hhayi njengama-perennials, kodwa ngenxa yokuhlwanyelwa ngokwakho. Ukulima kwabo akuwona umsebenzi ojwayelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, kwesinye isikhathi kudinga ukufaka izitshalo ezintsha ngemuva kokulahleka noma ukutshala njalo kwezinhlobo ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika anganconywa kuphela kulabo abathanda ukusabalalisa izitshalo ngokwabo, njengezinto ezingavamile futhi bakulungele ukubuka lezi exotic ezingaphandle, banelise bonke abamhlophe babo.
Lupine Brevera (Lupinus breweri).
Izinhlobo zamaLupin ezivela e-USA
Kukholelwa ukuthi lapho uhamba oNxweme lwaseNtshonalanga Melika akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlangane ne-lupins, lezi zitshalo zihluke ngempela ezwenikazi laseMelika ngokumelwa kwazo okukhethekile. Ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika, inani lezinhlobo zazo ezingalinganiswa ngisho nasezinambini, kepha ngamakhulu, zisadala ukudideka okukhulu ngezigaba futhi zibangele impikiswano evuthayo phakathi kwezazi zezitshalo. Njengoba kunezinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukwakheka komhlaba ngaphesheya kwe-United States, akukho bunzima bokukhonjwa kuzovela. Ngempela, ekwakhiweni kwezingadi sebenzisa izinhlobo eziyisithupha kuphela zaseNyakatho Melika. Futhi sonke sinesimo sezitshalo ezingandile kakhulu.
Isiliva lupine (I-Lupinus argenteus) lungabizwa njengophawu lwawo wonke ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika. Lesi sitshalo sihle ngokumangalisa lapho sitshalwe ngamaqembu amakhulu, aluhlaza, sihle futhi sihle. Lokhu kungumhlobiso wangempela wama-prairies aseMelika, okwenzeka ngosayizi oshintsha ngosayizi, ukubukeka, nemibala ngokuya ngezimo, edume ngokukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene. Ekuphakameni, i-lupine yesiliva ingakhawulelwa ku-15-20 cm noma idlule ku-60 cm emhlabathini ovundile. Amacembe aqinile onqenqemeni lukasilika ahlala phezu kwesiqu eside futhi amangaliswe ngamanqina awo acwebile, amaqabunga anendawo ephakeme nethephu lesiliva elihle, kwesinye isikhathi elilahleka kancane. Izimbali ezinamanzi amancane acwebile, afinyelela ku-12 cm ubude ngokudlala kwemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi kubukeka sengathi imichilo evulekile yehla yenyuka imifino egqamile futhi emnyama. Kude kakhulu, ngenxa yemibala efanayo, le lupine ingaba nephutha ngesage noma ikati. Umbala wezimbali uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onama-periwinkle hues, imvamisa ngesikhungo esimhlophe noma esibomvu. Amazinga okushisa ehlobo angenza imibala ibe nsundu kakhudlwana noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibe mnyama mnyama. Lesi sitshalo, esikhula njalo ububanzi, simangazwa ngokuthungwa kwawo okumangalisa kwamakhethini nezindawo, ezingenakubizwa ngokuthi zihle. Usebenzisa lo mbono, ungadala ukusula noma ukuhlelwa okuqhubekayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile, izinhlobo ezimhlophe ezimibalabala zesiliva lupine noma ifomu lokuhlobisa le-depressus zitholakala kuthengiswa - i-lupine emangalisa enombala omnyama wezimbali kanye namahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuqhakaza kwalesi lupine ezweni kwenzeka ekuqaleni kanye maphakathi nehlobo, kodwa nathi sivame ukuqhakaza ngo-Agasti nangoSepthemba.
Isiliva Lupine (Lupinus argenteus).
I-bluest yazo zonke i-lupins ongahlangana nazo ingenakulinganiswa i-arctic lupine (I-Lupinus arcticus) Izinhlobo azithole igama lazo ngengozi: lesi sitshalo sitholakala e-Alaska futhi sisetshenziswa ngempela esimweni sezulu esibuhlungu kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwalezi lupins kufinyelela cishe ku-40-50 cm, izihlahla ziwugqinsi impela, ziqabile, umcamelo oluhlaza kububanzi budlula ukuphakama. Amaqabunga amahle kakhulu, athulisiwe, aluhlaza okotshani onamaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, wesundu. Amahlumela amade, athweswe umqhele ngama-spikelets amakhulu ahlukahlukene we-inflorescence. Inani lama-peduncle afinyelela amashumi amaningana esihlahleni esisodwa. Kuze kube ukuqhakaza kwezimbali, ama-inflorescence abukeka njenge-fluffy "brushes" ngenxa yamathuna acwebezelayo, lapho-ke amangale ngemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala onsomi wezindebe ephansi nendawo emhlophe ehlukile emaphayini aphezulu, anikeze isitshalo i-mosagation futhi sigcizelela ukuthi izimbali eziseku-inflorescences azinjalo qina. Ama-arctic lupine blooms ngoJuni noJulayi. Ngayo yonke ukubukeka kwayo okuhle nemininingwane ehlukahlukene, lesi sitshalo sisabukeka njengesimangaliso sasendle kunoma iyiphi inkampani.
I-Arctic Lupine (Lupinus arcticus).
Kubukeka njengesitshalo futhi UNutkan Lupine (I-Lupinus nootkatensis) - Isitshalo sibuye sivela e-Alaska. Ukuphakama kwawo kusuka ku-40 cm kuya cishe ku-1 m kumvumela ukuthi adale amahlahla aminyene, aminyene ngokumangalisayo. Amaqabunga anezinhlaka ezifiphele zama-lobes ahlala kuma-petioles amafushane, athuthukisa kuphela ubukhulu bezitshalo ezibonakalayo. Yenza izijikelezi eziningi, ezibanzi, ezinezimbali ze-lilac-violet ezihlelwe kahle ngombala ongalingani nemithambo ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Ubude bamabhulashi we-inflorescence bufika ku-25 cm. Lolu hlobo luyakwazi ukuqhakaza ngisho ngoMeyi. Yize izimbali zivame kakhulu ukwenzeka ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
I-Nutkan Lupine (Lupinus nootkatensis).
Lupine Lepidus (Lupinus lepidus) - ukubukeka okuvame kakhulu futhi osekuvele kube yimbali edumile. Le lupine yakha amasodi amahle kakhulu anelesi yesiliva eminyene kangangokuba ibukeka njengendawo yesiliva eqinile. Amakhaphethi ezinwabu ayisihle ngendlela engafani nalutho, kepha lesi sitshalo sithola ukuhlobisa kwangempela kuphela lapho kuphakama ihlobo, lapho amasentimitha amahlanu, efinyeza ama inflorescence ngezimbali eziphaphathekile, ezintekenteke, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezi-lilac zikhuphuka zifinyelele kubude obuyi-10 kuye kuma-20 cm. Ukuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqala emazingeni aphansi, bese kuthi kancane kancane izimbali zikhuphuke. Lesi sitshalo sibukeka sithinta futhi sicishe sihle, amakhaphethi awawona aminyene impela, kepha muhle kakhulu.
I-Lupine lepidus (Lupinus lepidus).
Lupine Brevera (Lupinus burweri) iyathanda nokukhulisa amarobhothi. Le yinhlobo emfushane yama-lupins, ukuphakama kwawo okungadluli ku-15 cm esicelweni sezimbali. Ikhula ngesimo semicamelo eminyene yamahlamvu esundu-emerald wesiliva onqenqemeni oluhle nobukhulu obuphakathi, ama-inflorescence amafushane ngezimbali ezimnyama onsomi nezindawo eziphikisanayo. Ukuqhakaza kwe-lupine eyingqayizivele kuyaqhubeka kulo lonke ihlobo, ngenxa yama-inflorescence amnyama futhi kushiya lesi sitshalo kubukeka njengesembozo esimnyama esimnyama.
Lupine Brevera (Lupinus breweri).
Olunye uhlobo lwama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika - lupine olubanzi (I-Lupinus latifolius) bazokwazi ukwazisa kuphela labo abahlala ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ngoba ukumelana kwawo nesithwathwa kubekelwe kuphela ama-degrees ayi-18. Kukhula okuhlala njalo esimweni sezulu esifudumele kuya kumamitha ukuphakama, esinamaqabunga esundu ezintanjeni ezinde, kufiphalisa ama-lobling a-lanceolate akhangayo. Ama-inflorescence makhulu, afinyelela ku-45 cm ubude, aqonde ngokuphelele, anezimbali ezimbala bumfushane ezihlotshiswe ngokulandelana okuhle. Lesi sitshalo siphinda simangale ngombala onsundu, kungathi umbala uphelile, osondele kube yizwi elimhlophe elikhulu kakhulu, nethoni eyisisekelo eligcwele.
I-Broadleaf Lupine (Lupinus latifolius).
Ukusetshenziswa KwamaLupin aseNyakatho Melika Engadini Yomhlobiso
Ukubukeka okungajwayelekile kwama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika, aseqala ukuvula nathi, kuvumela ukubukeka njengezinkanyezi zangempela. Ziyafana ngasikhathi sinye futhi azifani nhlobo nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile, zibonakala ziyigugu, zinhle futhi zikhethekile. Futhi benza umbono onjalo njalo futhi yonke indawo, kepha ukukhetha okulungile kwezingoma nendawo ezungezile kungabenza baziqhenye ngempela ngengadi yakho.
Ekubunjweni kwengadi, ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika angasetshenziswa:
- kuma-alpine slides;
- kuma-rockeries;
- ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezintabeni kanye nasezingadini zamatshe ezingaphakathi endlini;
- ezivandeni zamatshe ezithandekayo;
- njengesitshalo esibunjiwe;
- ezindongeni ezisekelayo noma emithambekeni;
- ngaphambili kukhona imibhede yezimbali enomhlabathi onamatye;
- emaqenjini we-landscape namasudi;
- ekwakhiweni kwemvelo;
- ekwakhiweni kwezingadi zezitayela zodumo;
- osebeni lwezindikimba zamanzi (lupine nutkansky).
Izimo zezinhlobo ezingandile zama-lupins
Umhlabathi wokutshala ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika kumele uhambisane nendawo yawo yemvelo. Njengoba wonke ama-lupins ejwayele ukukhula emagqumeni, enhlabathini enamadwala nokukhanya, engadini, ukufika kuphela kokukhanya, okukhanyayo, kwesihlabathi, enesihlabathi noma inhlabathi enesihlabathi. Lezi zitshalo zithandwa ngabampofu kunokuba zibe nenhlabathi enempilo. Emhlabathini ojwayelekile, kuyalulekwa ukubeka ungqimba lwamanzi. Isiza esifanele sokubamba yi-rockeries, izingadi zamadwala, ukuphakama okufakwayo noma kwendalo. Ngisho nengozi encane kakhulu yokugcwala kwamanzi, ukumanzisa, ukugxadazela kwamanzi kudinga izindlela ezengeziwe zokudonsa, noma indawo yokuhlala eyengeziwe.
Lapho ukhetha indawo yama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika, kungcono ukuma emithambekeni eseningizimu, evikelwe emimoyeni nasezindleleni, ezindaweni ezifudumele. Umthunzi wesitshalo awunakuma. Zitshalwa kuphela ezindaweni ezinelanga.
I-Nutkan Lupine (Lupinus nootkatensis).
ENyakatho Melika Ukunakekelwa Kwasemanzini
Ama-lupins amasha adinga okungenani umswakama womhlabathi ozinzile. Kepha ngokunisela ngalezi zitshalo kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu: lezi zinhlobo zingafa ngisho nokugcotshwa kwamanzi okuncane. Uma inhlabathi ikhethwe kahle, izitshalo zivikelekile ekumanzeni, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokunisela izitshalo ezisencane kungcono ukulawula isilinganiso somhlabathi omanzi nokuvikela ukuvuna. Ama-lupins abantu abadala baseNyakatho Melika awadingi ukuthambisa, kepha ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okumangalisa kakhulu, kungcono ukufeza ukunisela kokulondolozwa ngezikhathi ezomile. Ikakhulu umswakama-onothando kuphela i-Nutcan lupine, ekhetha ukuchelela ukukhanya okujwayelekile.
Ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika ayawuthanda umhlabathi ompofu futhi awadingi umanyolo. Banakekele, ngaphandle kokunisela, akudingekile. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, unganquma ama-peduncle aqothulayo, kepha kungcono ukuvumela isitshalo sithele izithelo ngokukhululekile, sisakaze imbewu, siqoqe ezinye zazo ngekusasa: ngale ndlela lesi sitshalo singaphinde siqale ngokwaso.
Ubusika be-lupins ezingavamile
Wonke ama-lupins aseNyakatho Melika (ngaphandle kwe-wideleaf) ayizitshalo ezijwayele izimo ezinzima. Bayakwazi ukubekezelela noma iqhwa elinzima ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-40 weqhwa, abadingi ukulungiselela ubusika. Uma entwasahlobo ingekho iminonjana yezitshalo, lokhu kungenxa yobuthakathaka babo bemvelo bese befa, hhayi ngokuphumelela ubusika.
Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Nezifo
Ama-lupins ethu aseNyakatho Melika ahlushwa ama-slugs kanye neminenke, ngakho kungcono ukuthatha izinyathelo kusengaphambili, abeke izicupho futhi asebenzise ezinye izindlela zomzabalazo. Lapho ikhule ebhodweni noma esitsheni sesitsha, kufaka phakathi izingadi zamatshe ezingaphakathi, ama-lupins avela e-United States ajwayele ukuhlushwa yi-aphid, izimbuzane zesigcawu kanye nezimbungulu ezibomvu nezinye izinambuzane. Kungcono ukulwa nezinambuzane ngokushesha ngama-insecticides.
Ukuzala amaLupin aseNyakatho Melika
Ukwazi ukuzalanisa okusuka enhlanyelweni awukona kuphela ekusatshalalisweni okubanzi kwe-lupins kusuka e-USA ngemvelo, kepha futhi nakalula kokutshala kwabo. Minyaka yonke, kungcono ukuqoqa ingxenye yembewu futhi uyisindise, ukuze kuvame ukuba nethuba lokuhlwanyela kabusha isitshalo, uma ngemuva kokufa nokuwohloka, ukuzilwanyelwa ngokwakho akuhlali ngengozi.
Imbewu yezitshalo ihlwanyelwa ingene ngqo enhlabathini. Ekwindla, ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa kuphela ezifundeni ezinobusika obuthambile, ukumboza izitshalo ngaphambi kwesithwathwa. Ngomzila ophakathi nendawo, ukuhlwanyelwa kwentwasahlobo kungcono, ngemuva kokusatshiswa kwesithwathwa sokubuyela emuva. Izikhathi zikaMeyi noma zikaJuni ngeke zibe nzima ukulima izitshalo ngoba ama-lupins anjalo avela ngokushesha okukhulu - ngesonto elilodwa noma amabili, bese akhula ngenkuthalo.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngokujulile futhi kukalwa, enhlabathini enezakhi zomzimba emibhedeni noma endaweni ehlala njalo. Isimo esiyinhloko sokuhluma esinobungane umswakama ozinzile. Ngaphambi kokuba izitshalo zenze amaqabunga wesibili amaqabunga angempela, amahlumela aqothwe ngaphandle noma atshalwe ibanga le-15-25 cm phakathi kwezihlahla. Ungatshuza izitshalo hhayi endaweni ehlala njalo, kepha kulokhu, ukufakelwa kungaba yinkinga ethile. Ama-lupins amasha anikezwa ngokuphuza kwisomiso futhi avikele izitshalo emangeni ukhula ngokuhlala.
