Upelepele omnandi yimifino yethu esiyithandayo. Akumnandi nje kuphela, kuyigumbi lamavithamini, kuwo afinyelela ku-30, kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile. I-pepper emnandi inempahla enhle. Igcina izimfanelo eziningi eziwusizo kwifomu elomile nelomhlaba futhi empeleni azizilahli lapho zihlanganiswa.
Isihlahla esakheke kahle sepele yemifino. © OakleyOriginalsUmgcini wegadi ngamunye, okhulisa imifino esakhiweni sakhe, uzama ukuthola isivuno esikhulu futhi, engazi zonke izisekelo ze-agronomy, uvame ukusebenzisa imizamo yakhe, isikhathi nemali ngokungafanele.
Ezama ukukhulisa isivuno esikhulu, umniniyo uzondla kakhulu izitshalo, azinisele futhi aqede zona, azivikele ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni. Vele, lezi zindlela zinikeza imiphumela emihle, kepha kunezindlela ezizonikeza isivuno esikhulu ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu, isikhathi nempilo. Le ndlela ifaka ukwakheka kwesihlahla sopelepele, njengoba utamatisi, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini nolunye uhlobo lwezilimo zemifino.
Ingabe ukwakhiwa kwepelepele elimnandi kuhlala kudingekile?
Abatshali bemifino abanolwazi babheka ukwakhiwa kwepelepele elimnandi njengendlela efanelekile yokwandisa isivuno nosayizi wezithelo. Wabasaqalayo abayisebenzisi, bakholelwa ukuthi ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwesihlahla, upelepele uzoveza isivuno esikhulu uma kunikezwa ukushisa, ukukhanyisa, ukuthambisa nokugqoka ngaphezulu.
Abatshali bemifino abangakunaki ukwakheka kwesihlahla sopelepele obumnandi, abalimi banikela ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene kanye no-nzalo, okutshalwa kukho okungenza ngaphandle kwale ndlela. Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ezikhula kancane, ezinamagatsha amancane apelepele kanye nzalo akadingi ukwenziwa.
- Izinhlobo zezithelo ezinwebekile kancane: IFlorida, iBarguzin, iTopolin, iZodiac, i-Alyosha Popovich, iBagging, iLumina (Belozerka), iDobryak, Victoria, Bogatyr, Ilya Muromets, Swallow, Isipho saseMoldova, Dobrynya Nikitich nabanye.
- Izithombo ezinhlamvu ezigayiwe kancane: I-Pinocchio F1, uClaudio F1, u-Othello F1, uGoodwin F1, uGemini F1, uMaxim F1, uMercury F1 nabanye.
Ukuze uthole izihlahlana ezingaphansi (40-65 cm) pepper, kwanele ukusika amahlumela angenamandla, angenamabala akhula ngaphakathi. Amade amakha inqwaba yemifino, asuse izakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo ukuze izitshalo zikhule izithelo. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yini amathuba umlimi angaphuthelwa yona ngaphandle kokusebenzisa indlela yokwakha izinhlobo ezinde zephunga elimnandi, elikhulisa kakhulu isivuno somkhiqizo wamavithamini.
Ama-Pepper, amakati awo afinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-100-200, angawabude.Isixha esikhule ngokuqinile sendawo yonke sakha izimo ezinhle zokukhula kwezifo nezinambuzane. Kufanele zichithwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe umoya omncane, ukukhanyisa, umsoco. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinhlobo ezinde kanye nzalo zikapele zidinga ukwakha izihlahla.
Ukwenziwa kwepelepisi akuyona ukusika kwesikhathi esisodwa amahlumela anosawoti noma ukubhoboza izihlahla. Ukwakheka kufaka amasu amaningana futhi kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana.
Isihlahla esiminyene sepele yemifino. © umenzi wezandlaImithetho yokwakhiwa kwepelepele elimnandi kumasiko abamba ukushisa
Esikhathini esilinganiselwe somhlabathi ovikelekile, kuphela ngesakhiwo esifanelekile esingakhulisa isivuno nosayizi wezithelo zepepper. Esimweni esifanelekile sokubamba ukushisa okuphezulu, isihlahla sikhula kakhulu kulimaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezitho zokuzala. Imvamisa, endaweni ebamba ukushisa, izitshalo zitshalwa ngezithombo.
Izithombo
Ngezithombo zikapelepele ezikhulayo, ukwakheka kwesihlahla kuqala lapho isithombo sifinyelela ku-15-20 cm ukuphakama. Imvamisa kulokhu ukuphakama isiqu sopelepisi siqala ukugatsha, sihlukane sibe ngamagatsha ama-2. Kuvela ihlumela egatsheni egatsheni, elingaqhakaza ngaphambi kokudluliselwa ku greenhouse. Le bud ibizwa ngokuthi umqhele. Ngokuvamile kususwa ukuvumela ukwandiswa okwengeziwe kwesihlahla sopelepele. Igatsha ngalinye lizoba nezithelo futhi ngenxa yalokhu isivuno sisonke sizonyuka.
Ngokuthola okuzimele kwembewu yepelepele, ihlumela lomqhele lishiywe emithini eyi-1-2. Yakha imbewu enempilo esetshenziselwa ukuzala okwengeziwe.
Izithelo ze-Pepper ezivela ecebeni lomqhele kwimfoloko kumagatsha oku-oda wokuqala. © Roberto A SanchezUkwakhiwa kwesihlahla sopelepele obumnandi endaweni ebamba ukushisa
Lapho idluliselwa ku-greenhouse, upelepele uyatshalwa ukuze uqhubeke ukukhulisa umthamo wesihlahla ngamagatsha angama-2-3. Uhlelo lokutshala lwezinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo nge-bushility ephezulu ingaba ngu-40-50x70-80, i.e. 2-5 noma 3-6 izingcezu sq. m. Uma ukuhluma kungamaphakathi, kuyimitha yesikwele. m otshalwe kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-8 ehlathini lipelepele.
Ukwakheka kwesihlahla sopelepele kuqukethe ukucindezela, kususa amahlumela angenalutho futhi asikwe. Ngemuva kokutshala nokwakha, amahlathi ayahlolwa ukuze aphile futhi akanazinambuzane. Amahlumela angaphansi angamakhaba namaqabunga asesigxotsheni ngaphambi kokuba imfoloko isuswe, anikeze izihlahla umoya omncane ojwayelekile kanye nokukhanyisa.
Ama-sprigs of pepper owenziwe ngemuva kwamagatsha abizwa ngokuthi yi-lateral. Lawa ngamagatsha we-oda lokuqala, noma amathambo. Igatsha ngalinye eliseceleni ekuqaleni likhula ngesiqu esimaphakathi lapho kukhona khona amaqabunga. Phansi kwethanga lamaqabunga (ku-sinus) kuvela amahlumela. Lezi zingane zokutholwa. Basuswa ngokukhonkotha.
Isikimu sendlela yokwenza isihlahla sopelepele ngeziqu ezimbili. © NatalyaIgatsha eliphakathi nendawo le-oda lokuqala nalo ligatsha libe amahlumela ama-2. Lezi amahlumela wokuhleleka kwesibili. Ikhefu elinamandla. Kubhekwa njengamathambo futhi kufanele kube namandla okuxhasa amanye amahlumela akhiwe ngaphezulu. Kushiywa amaqabunga, amaqabunga noma izimbali / izithelo. Ukudubula kwesibili kwe-oda lesibili le-pepper kuvame ukuba buthakathaka. Cindezela kuye, kusale izithelo kanye neqabunga.
Ihlumela lesibili le-skeletal, lihlukaniswe ngamagatsha ama-2. Lawa ngamagatsha we-oda wesithathu. Ziyaphathwa nazo. Hlanganisa amakhulu, noma amathambo. Ikhula futhi ikhula njengokujwayelekile. Kumazembe amaqabunga awo, ama-stepons ayasuswa. Amahlamvu apelepele aphuzi ayahlolwa futhi asuswe emagatsheni esiqu nasemahlathini. Umdwebo wesibili (obuthakathaka) we-oda wesithathu ukhishwe phezu kwehlumela lokuqala lembali. Qiniseka ukushiya ishidi elizonikeza umsoco esibelethweni.
Inqubo efanayo yenziwa ekuhlafunweni kwamathambo kwe-oda lokuqala legatsha lesibili (khumbula, imfoloko yokuqala). Lokhu ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla ngeziqu ezi-2. Uma kungeyona eyodwa kodwa amahlumela amabili aseceleni ashiywe esiqwini sopelepele, khona-ke amagatsha e-oda wokuqala awazukuba-2, kepha abe-4. Kuneziqu ezi-3 ezisele. Ifomu ngokuya ngohlelo olungenhla.
Uma kuhlelwa ukubumba upelepele kusetshenziswa indlela yesiqu, kufanele kufakwe i-trellis kusengaphambili ukuze i-oda ngalinye lamagatsha linamathele entabeni enqenqemeni. Isisindo sezithelo ezikhulayo singaphula amagatsha abuthaka. Ungakhohlwa, uhlola isihlahla sopelepele, ususe amahlumela ngaphandle kwezimbali (ukukhipha amafutha, inyumba). Ungazisoli ngokufaka isikhwebu esisodwa sezimpande lapho uthatha khona amaqabunga amadala aphuzi (angasebenzi).
Esiqwini ngasinye sesikebhe se-1, 2nd, 3 kanye neminye imiyalo engezansi kwegatsha, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amanye avela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (iziqu azihlali zingenalutho, zikhula ngamahlamvu, amahlumela). Kufanele zisuswe, kepha kancane kancane. Akukho ngaphezulu kwamaqabunga ama-2 ngosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okokuqala, kususwa amaqabunga amaza amaqanda ama-pepper.
Lokhu kusebenza kuyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho sezihlahla zifinyelela ophahleni lokukhula kwazo okungu-1.0-1.2 m. Sika phezulu ukuze uyeke ukukhula ngokuphakeme uphinde uqondise izakhi zomzimba kuma-ovary nezithelo ezingaphansi. Izinyanga eziyi-1.5 ngaphambi kokuphela kokuvuna, izihloko zamagatsha asemathanjeni awo wonke ama-oda anqunywa ukuze kumiswe ukukhula futhi kudluliselwe izakhi ezitsheni ezisencane.
Imvamisa, izithelo ezikhulu ezingama-20-25 ezibiyelwe ngodonga zishiyelwa emithini ebunjiwe. Ebhishi elingagugi ngokuwa liyobe ligcwele amaqanda amancane nezithelo. Isitshalo esigcwele upelepele kuleli cala sizoba ngaphansi futhi empeleni, izinhlobo ezivuthiwe eziphakathi nendawo, ngaphandle kwezithelo ekuvuthweni kwazo kwemvelo.
Kwakheka ngeziqu ezimbili zepepper bush.
Ukwakheka kwepelepele elimnandi emhlabathini ovulekile
Lapho kukhula upelepele emhlabathini ovulekile, kuphela izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezinde ezinde ezihlanganisiwe ezingaphansi kokwakhiwa. Kumahlumela aphakathi nendawo, amahlumela angenanithelo, amahlumela aphansi kanye nama-stepons asuswa ukuze kuhlinzeke isihlahla ngokukhanya okujwayelekile nomoya omncane. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwepelepiki azidingi ukwakhiwa. Ama-Curves, aqhekekile, amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi azosuswa. Ebhishi eliphakathi nendawo eliyisimanga, ukuqothulwa kwamahlumela makhulu kwenziwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakhiwa kwamagatsha kwakamuva. Inani eliphelele lamahlumela athela izithelo ka-pepper alidluli ku-4-6, kanti inani lezithelo, ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, ngu-15-25.
Izitshalo ezinde lapho zikhule endaweni evulekile kumele zilayishwe ngamahlumela aseceleni. Ukuze wenze isitshalo sikhule isihlahla, nciza esiqongweni ngeziqu ezinkulu ezingeni lama-25-30 cm kusuka ezingeni lomhlabathi bese ususa izihlahlana zomqhele. Isisekelo sesihlahla se-pepper sizoba amahlumela ama-4-5 wamathambo we-oda lokuqala. Zonke ezinye ziyasuswa.
Yonke inqubo yokwenziwa ihlotshaniswa nokuncipha kwezimpande ezingeziwe. Shiya ama-3-5 amahlumela aqine kakhulu akhiwa ngemfoloko ihlumela. Ekulwelweni ngakunye okwalandela kwesihlahla, cishe inani elifanayo lamahlumela lishiywe, lonke liyasuswa. Kuvela isihlahla esikhululekile. Lapho kwakheka inani elanele lezithelo esihlahleni sopelepele, amagatsha anamathambo ancipha noma anciphise phezulu. Izithelo zepelepele ezisele esihlahleni zizokhula ngesisindo kakhulu, futhi ezintsha ziyeke ukubopha. Amandla wezinqubo zokukhula azoshintshela ekuvuthweni kwezithelo esezivele zakhekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqabunga amasha kanye namahlumela azoqhubeka nokukhula.
Ukungena ngemvume nokususa amaqabunga e-pepper kuzoqinisekisa isiko elihle. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula yepelepele elimnandi, izimo zezulu kumele zibhekwe. Uma ihlobo selomile, kungcono ukungawasusi amaqabunga aphansi. Bazomboza inhlabathi kusuka ekushiseni ngokweqile. Ehlobo elisemvula nelinisa imvula, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxenye engezansi yesihlahla idinga ukudalulwa (ikakhulukazi ezingeni lesiqu) ukuze umswakama owedlulele ungagxili, okuvusa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwepelepele, ukususwa ngesikhathi, ukunitha izihlahla nokuthena kuzosiza ekutholeni isivuno sekhwalithi esiphakeme nesiphezulu sopelepisi wakho owuthandayo.
