Isitshalo esinama-herbaceous njenge-gypsophila (Gypsophila) sibizwa nangokuthi i- kachim, tumbleweed, isinkwa se-gypsum. Kuhlobene ngqo nomndeni we-clove. Igama lalesi sitshalo lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ulimu onothando" iqiniso ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zembali enjalo ezimweni zemvelo zithanda ukukhula emfanekisweni. Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu, izitshalo ezinjalo zifanekiselwa yi-herbaceous perennials, ngonyaka, futhi nezihlahla. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ingahlangatshezwa eNyakatho-East Africa, e-Eshiya naseNew Zealand. Abalimi bahlakulela zombili i-gypsophila zisetshenziswa kanye ngonyaka.
Izici ze-Gypsophila
Impande eqinile yalesi sitshalo ihlotshisiwe. Isiqu esiqonde noma sokuqina Izinhlobo ze-Half-shrub zingakhula zibe ngamasentimitha ayi-100 ngisho nangaphezulu. Amapuleti amancane amaqabunga wonke anesimo se-lanceolate, scapular or oval. Ama-inflorescences axegile, athukile. Kubandakanya izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe eziluhlaza okotshani noma ezimhlophe, kodwa, ezinhlotsheni eziningana (ngokwesibonelo, i-Pacific gypsophila noma ezinwabuzelayo) zinombala opinki. Kungaba lula noma i-terry. Izithelo ziyi-achene eyodwa enezidleke, ukwakheka kwayo kungaba yisiyingi noma i-ovoid. Le mbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka engama-2-3.
Ukutshala kwe-Gypsophila kusuka imbewu
Ukuhlwanyela
IGypsophila ingasakazwa zombili imbewu kanye nohlaza. Isitshalo esinjalo, okuwunyaka, singasakazwa kuphela ngendlela yenzalo, kukhona nama-perennials asatshalaliswa yimbewu.
Imibhalo ihlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika ngqo enhlabathini evulekile, kuyilapho ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa embhedeni wokuqeqesha (wiring). Ngenkathi yentwasahlobo elandelayo, izitshalo ziyoqina, futhi zingatshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Izihlahla zokuzala zikhula ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa emabhokisini, kuyilapho isatshalaliswa ngokukhululekile, futhi ingcwatshwe enhlabathini ngamamitha ayi-5 kuphela. Ngaphezulu kwesitsha udinga ukumboza ngengilazi, bese usibeka endaweni efudumele ngokukhanya okuhle.
Izithombo
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7-15, izithombo zokuqala zizovela. Badinga ukuncishiswa ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele libe ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Zingadluliselwa futhi zibe ngamabhodwe we-peat ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zizodinga ukukhanyiselwa okwengeziwe, ngoba amahora okukhanya kosuku kumele kube amahora ayi-13-16.
Ukufakelwa
Isikhathi sokufika emhlabeni
Ngemuva kokuba imbali ikhombise amapuleti amaqabunga ayi-1-2, kufanele atshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo. Lapho ukhetha isiza esifanele, kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi ama-gypsophiles ama-perennial angakhula ngaphandle kokufakelwa iminyaka eminingi ilandelana. Kungcono ukuthi imbali enjalo ikhethe indawo enamanzi futhi eyomile, kanti inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-lime, kanye ne-humus encane. Uma kungekho limu enhlabathini, kufanele ifakwe lapho. Kulokhu udinga i-1 m2 thatha kusuka ku-25 kuya ku-50 amagremu weCaCo3, kuyilapho i-pH yenhlabathi ekugcineni kufanele ibe ku-6.3-6.7. Lapho ukhetha isiza, khumbula ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele alale ngaphansi kwenhlabathi, ngoba i-gypsophila isabela ngokudabukisayo esimeni sempande.
Ungatshala kanjani
Lapho utshala phakathi kwezimbali, kufanele kubhekwe ibanga elingamasentimitha angama-70, futhi izikhala zendlela kufanele zibe nobude bamasentimitha ayi-130. Lapho utshala izithombo, khumbula ukuthi noma kunjalo kufanele intamo yezimpande ingcwatshwe enhlabathini. Izimbali ezitshaliwe zidinga ukuniselwa. Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana yokutshala, kuzodingeka ukuncipha, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi 1 m2 Isitshalo esisodwa kuphela okufanele sikhule. Amabhasi azobe ebunjiwe adinga ukupholisa izimpande, bese atshalwa kwenye indawo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izihlahla zibukeke zibukeka ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali. Izimbali ezinhle zesitshalo esinjalo zisetshenziselwa ukusika, ngokwesibonelo, zivame ukuhlobisa izingcezu zezimbali.
Ukuqhakaza kokuqala kwesitshalo okunjalo kungabonakala ngemuva kokukhula okungenani ngamabili amabili ayi-12 amapuleti eqabunga. Isihlahla esimangalisa kakhulu siba iminyaka emi-3 ngemuva kokutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.
Izici Zokunakekela
Ngisho nomlimi wegadi ongenamava anganakekela imbali enjalo. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe kuphela esikhathini esomile futhi sultry. Ngesikhathi sokunisela, amanzi kufanele athululelwe ngaphansi kwempande. Kuyadingeka ukondla izitshalo amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 isizini yonke, kuyilapho umanyolo wamaminerali kufanele uguqulwe kanye nowokuphela kwezinto eziphilayo. Njengomanyolo we-organic, kunconywa ukuthatha ukumiliselwa kwe-mullein, kuyilapho umquba omusha ungafanele usetshenziswe kunoma yikuphi.
Ukuzala kwe-Gypsophila
Ngaphezu kwembewu, le mbali ingasakazwa ngokusikwa. Isibonelo, amafomu e-terry asakazeka ngokusika kuphela. Kunconywa ukuthi kusikwe ukusikwa kweziqu ezincane lapho izimbali zingakaqali ukwakhiwa, futhi kulokhu ziqala ngoMeyi noma ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Ephreli. Ukusika okusikiwe nakho kungenziwa ngo-Agasti, ukukhetha amahlumela amancane ngalokhu. Ukuze usike izimpande, zitshalwe endaweni eyisisekelo, okuyiwona okufanele ufake ushoko. Isiqu kufanele sijule ngamasentimitha ambalwa, futhi ukuze ikhule kahle, kufanele kugcinwe amazinga okushisa angaba ngama-20 degrees. Izilimo ze-Gypsophila zibuye zidinge amahora angama-daylight amahora ayi-12, futhi umswakama ophezulu (cishe u-100%) nawo uyadingeka, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukubeka lesi sitshalo endaweni ebamba ukushisa okuluhlaza. Ngokutshala okusikiwe engadini, kufanele ukhethe isikhathi esinjalo ukuze babe nesikhathi sokugula futhi uthathe izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kokubandayo ekwindla.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Uma isitshalo sinakekelwa ngendlela engafanele, singagula ngokugqwala noma ukubola okungwevu, bese ama-cyst-form noma i-gall nematode nawo angaqala kuyo. Ukuze ubhubhise i-nematode, i-phosphamide kufanele isetshenziswe, kudingeka ukuthi afafaze esihlahleni amahlandla amaningi, kanti ikhefu phakathi kokwelashwa kufanele lisuke ezinsukwini ezintathu ukuya kwezi-5. Kodwa-ke, uma ngabe ama-nematode angafi, kuzodingeka ugaye isihlahla futhi ugeze izimpande saso emanzini, izinga lokushisa laso okufanele lisuke ema-degree angama-50 liye kwangama-55. Iqiniso ngukuthi ama-nematode afa vele ekushiseni kwama-40 degrees. Ukuze uqede ukubola okungwevu nokugqwala, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-ejenti yokuxhumana ye-fungicidal (i-oxychrome, ingxube ye-Bordeaux, i-sulfate yethusi).
I-gypsophila yasendulo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali
Ukuqoqwa kwembewu
Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuba isihlahla somile, endaweni lapho kwakukhona izimbali, kuvela amaqhubu amancane lapho imbewu encane itholakala khona, ayalingana nosayizi wesihlabathi onsundu. Amabhokisi adinga ukusikwa. Ekamelweni bafafaza imbewu ephepheni lezindaba. Zidinga ukomiswa bese zibilisiwe egumbini elinomoya omncane. Imbewu eyomile idinga ukuthululiselwa ezikhwameni zamaphepha noma emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, lapho izogcinwa khona.
Ubusika
Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sekwindla, ama-perennial kumele anqunywe yi-gypsophila, kuyilapho kuphela amahlumela anamandla ayi-3 noma amane. Lapho-ke amahlahla kufanele ambozwe ngamaqabunga omisiwe noma ambozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce, lokhu kuzowasindisa ngesikhathi sasebusika esineqhwa noma ngesikhathi sesithwathwa esineqhwa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gypsophila ezinezithombe namagama
I-Gypsophila paniculata (Gypsophila paniculata)
Lesi sitshalo se-perennial singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,21.Ihlahla esihlathini ngesikhathi esifushane impela lakhiwe ngendlela eyindilinga. Kumahlumela aqothulwe ngokuqinile kukhona amapuleti amaqabunga aluhlaza grey-grey, ngaphezulu okukhona kuwo i-pubescence. Izimbali zincanyana (ububanzi ngamasentimitha angama-0.6), ziyingxenye yokukhathazeka kwama-inflorescence. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, izimbali zingaba-terry noma zilula, zimhlophe noma zipinki. Izinhlobo:
- I-Bristol Fairy. Isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-0.6-0.75 m, kanti kuso kukhona izimbali ezimhlophe eziphindwe kabili.
- I-Pink Star. Izimbali ze-Terry, ngombala onsomi omnyama.
- UFlamingo. Isihlahla sifinyelela ubude obungamamitha ayi-0.6-0.75. Izimbali ze-Terry zinombala opinki.
I-Gypsophila inomusa (i-Gypsophila elegans)
Lesi sitshalo siba minyaka yonke, isihlahla sinwebekile ngesimo, sifinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha angama-0.4-0,5. amahlumela awo aqoshwe kakhulu, amaqabunga amancane e-lanceolate nezimbali ezincane ezingapendulwa ngombala wepinki, omhlophe noma we-carmine. Bayingxenye yemikhakha evulekile ye-corymbose. Izimbali zihle kakhulu, nokho, azihlali isikhathi eside. Izinhlobo:
- URose. Izimbali zipinki.
- UCarmine. Izimbali zibomvu.
- I-Double Star. Le nhlobonhlobo iyamangaza, isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20. Izimbali zipinki ezipinki.
I-Gypsophila ezinwabuzelayo (i-Gypsophila muralis)
Lesi sitshalo sonyaka esinamagatsha anamanzi. Isihlahla singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-0.3. Amapuleti aluhlaza amnyama ahlotshiswe ngendlela enobude obunjengomugqa oqondile. Am panicles afaka izimbali ezincane zombala omhlophe noma opinki. Izinhlobo:
- I-Fratensis. Izimbali zipinki.
- I-Monstrose. Izimbali zimhlophe.
I-Gypsophila pacific (Gypsophila pacifica)
Lokhu kungokoqobo. Ukusabalalisa isihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-100. Amahlumela aqhakaze kakhulu. Amapuleti eshidi ebanzi leLanceolate adwetshwa ngombala onsomi ompunga. Izimbali eziphinki ezikhanyayo zinobubanzi obungu-0.7 cm.
Okuthandwa kakhulu yisiqu se-gypsophila, i-areca, emnene ne-patren's gypsophila.
