I-Kalochortus (i-Calochortus) - eyaziwa kancane ezweni lethu i-herbaceous herbaceous perennial yonyaka ka-Liliaceae. Imbali yeKalohortus iyakwazi ukukhula emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ikhule njengesihlahla sendlu. Le mbali inezimpande zaseMelika, ngakho-ke isatshalaliswa kabanzi ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-USA, kanye naseCanada, Mexico, naseGuatemala.
Incazelo Calochortus isitshalo
Imbali yekalohortus iqukethe isiqu esincane segatsha elisuka ku-10 cm siye ku-2 m ukuphakama (kuya ngohlobo), lapho kutholakala khona amapuleti amaqabunga amancanyana anomugqa omfishane, kanye nezimbali ezimbalwa ezintekenteke noma izambulela ezingama-inflorescence aqoqiwe kusuka ezinhlamvwini ezintathu ngesimo samaphiko enundu.
Izitshalo zingaba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu nengadi ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo-ehlobo, futhi ezimweni zangaphakathi - okuqokomisa ingaphakathi nengxenye yokusondela kwemvelo unyaka. Ungawathanda umhlophe, upinki, ubomvu, onsomi, izimbali ze-lilac nezphuzi entwasahlobo nasehlobo. I-Kalohortus isakazwa ngembewu noma ngamadodakazi endodakazi.
Ukukhula kalohortusa kusuka imbewu
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Imbewu akumele igcinwe ingabi ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-2-3 endaweni eyomile neyomnyama ngamazinga okushisa angama-15-25 degrees Celsius. Lokhu kumele kubhekwe lapho uthenga izinto zokutshala.
Njengoba usayizi wembewu ungu-1-2 mm, ukujula kokuhlwanyela akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-5-15 mm. Entwasahlobo, imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokungahleliwe enhlabathini yomhlabathi, emva kwalokho ibekwe uphawu nge-rake. Ekutshaleni ekwindla, kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa ama-grooves amancane angajulile kwe-1.5 cm. Isikhala somugqa singama-25 cm.
Ezinye izinhlobo (isb., Zemvelaphi yaseCalifornia) kumele zihlukaniswe ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu
Ezinyangeni ezi-2 ukuya ku-2, izinto zembewu kufanele zigcinwe esikhwameni sepulasitiki esinesihlabathi esimanzi eshalofini elingaphansi kwesiqandisi noma egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba (imbewu) ngaphambi kokuba imbewu iqhume, emva kwalokho ingahlwanyelwa endaweni evulekile (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo).
Uma kungekho ubusika obubi, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngaphansi kobusika ukuze kube yimvelo.
Izimbali zokuqala ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu emibhedeni evulekile zenzeka kuphela emva kweminyaka engama-5-6.
Izithombo zeKalohortus
Indlela yokutshala izithombo inconyelwe izinhlobo ezithanda ukushisa zezitshalo ze-calochortus. Kulokhu, ukuhlukaniswa kwembewu akudingeki.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa ngezinsuku zokugcina zobusika noma ngeviki lokuqala lentwasahlobo. Uzodinga isitsha sokutshala ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi enempilo yezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Imbewu ngayinye idinga ukucindezelwa kancane enhlabathini ifinyelele kumamilimitha amahlanu, ikhiqizwe kusuka ku-atomizer enhle futhi embozwe ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene.
Izimo ezithandekayo zokukhula zingama-20 degrees okushisa egumbini, ukukhanya okukhanyayo okugqamile amahora ayi-12-12, umoya omncane ojwayelekile kanye nomswakama, ukuqina kwezithombo.
Ibhokisi lasehlobo elinama-bulbs amancane ehlobo kufanele ligcinwe ngaphandle emthunzini oyingxenye ngokushisa okungeqi ku-28 degrees Celsius. Ukunisela kuyinto elinganiselayo, izitshalo ezincane zondliwa kanye ngonyaka ngamanyolo anzima wezimbiwa.
Ngonyaka wokuqala, akuzona zonke izimbewu ezingamila. Ebusika, iziqukathi zidluliselwa ezimweni zekamelo. Izithombo zingatshintshwa ukuze zivulwe imibhede kuphela emva kweminyaka eyi-2.
Ukufakwa kwe-kalohortus emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala Autumn kusetshenziselwa izinhlobo zezimbali eziqhakaza entwasahlobo. Entwasahlobo, kungcono ukutshala izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhula isikhathi sazo ezinyangeni zasehlobo.
Indawo
Indawo engcono kakhulu yokukhula kwe-kalohortusa yisigaba esinomthunzi oyingxenye, ngaphandle kokusungiswa komoya nokuqina komoya onamandla, enomhlabathi oshaywe kahle (onomthelela omncane we-alkali noma ongathathi hlangothi).
Ngaphambi kokutshala ama, kunconywa ukucwilisa isigamu sehora kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese, bese usula bese womile. Ukutshala ukujula - hhayi ngaphezu kuka-15 cm futhi kungabi ngaphansi kuka-5 cm. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo - 10 cm.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela ngokulingana kwe-kalohortus kwenziwa kuphela ngenkathi yokukhula; ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, ukuthambisa akudingeki. Umswakama owengeziwe ungadala ukubola kwezinhlamvu.
Umanyolo kanye nomanyolo
Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, izitshalo zinconywa ukuthi zondliwe izikhathi ezi-3: ngoMashi (ngamanyolo wezimbiwa), esigabeni sokubunjelwa kwe-bud (phosphorus) nangemva kokuqhakaza (potassium).
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Izinhlobo ezingamelana nobusika nezinhlobonhlobo ze-kalohortus azikwazi ukubumbeka ebusika, zingasinda eqandeni ziye kufinyelela kuma-34 degrees, ukuphumula kungcono ukuthi ubusika buqhubekele ezimeni zephishi noma ezansi. Izitshalo ezisele emhlabathini ziyanconywa ukuba zimbozwe ngomquba noma nge-peat mulch.
Isitoreji se-Bulb
Ama-bulb ama-dig, ngemuva kokumiswa nokuhlunga, kufanele agcinwe ezitsheni zamakhadibhodi endaweni emnyama neyomile enezinga lokushisa elingu-15 degrees Celsius.
Ukuzalaniswa kweKalohortus
Ukusakazwa kweKalohortus ngamabhuleki endodakazi
Imithetho yokukhula kalohortusa kusuka kumalokoti endodakazi ukulungiswa okufanele nokugcinwa kwezinto zokutshala. Ama-bulbs endodakazi ahlukaniswa ama-bulbs ayinhloko, akhutshwa enhlabathini ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuhlungwe, kumiswe emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-20 degrees nokujikeleza komoya okuhle, emva kwalokho agcinwa endaweni epholile emnyama aze atshala.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izinambuzane eziphambili ze-kalohortus ngamagundane, amagundane, amahashe kanye nemivundla. Isifo kungenzeka i-bacteriosis, esenzeka lapho kuba nomswakama owedlulele. Kuyadingeka ukugcina umbuso wokunisela futhi, ngesikhathi semvula ende, ukumboza okutshalekile nge-polyethylene.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-kalohortusa
Uhlobo lwe-kalohortus luqukethe izinhlobo ezicishe zibe ngu-70 ezahlukahlukene, ezihlukaniswe ngombandela ngamaqembu amathathu ngokusho nokuphakama kwezitshalo, kanye nokuvumelana kwazo nesimo sezulu, inhlabathi nesimo sezulu.
Iqembu 1 - Kalochortus Mariposa (iminduze yaseMariposa)
Iqembu lokuqala lifaka abamele abade, abakhula kahle esifundeni esiphakathi ezindaweni ezinamadlelo owomile kanye nogwadule, eduze kwezihlahla ezinameva. Ezinye zazo ziyizilwane ezidumile kakhulu.
Kalohortus enhle - Siqukethe isiqu esihlotshisiwe esisukela ku-10 kuye ku-60 cm ukuphakama, amaqabunga e-basal angamashumi amabili amasentimitha anendawo enombala ompunga kanye nama-inflorescence - izambulela eziyisithupha zezimbali eziyi-6 ezimhlophe, zibomvu, zipinki noma zinsomi ngendlela yezinsimbi. Ikhetha ukukhula ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi enesihlabathi ngaphezulu kwezinga lolwandle ngo-0,5-2,5 km.
Kalohortus ophuzi - ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ezinombala onsomi omnyama wezimbali onendawo ebomvu onsundu maphakathi nendawo nokuphakama okukhulu okungaba amasentimitha angama-30.
Kalohortus omuhle kakhulu -ivame ukutholakala emithambekeni yezintaba ngasogwini lolondolozi noma ezintabeni eziwugwadule. Ukukhula kwesitshalo okujwayelekile kungamasentimitha angama-40-60.I-inflorescence yezimbali ezintathu noma izimbali ezizimele zidwetshwe ngombala omhlophe noma opinki.
Kalohortus Vesta - Siqukethe isiqu esihlutshiwe, ama-rosette amaqabunga e-basal nezimbali ezimhlophe ezizodwa ezinendawo emhlophe ephuzi maphakathi nendawo. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kungamaphesenti angama-50. Ukhetha ukukhula ezindaweni zamahlathi, uthanda inhlabathi yobumba.
Iqembu 2 - Izinkanyezi Zenkanyezi Nezindlebe Zekati (Izinkanyezi Zezinkanyezi kanye Nezindlebe Zekati)
Iqembu lesibili lama-colohortuse lifaka izitshalo eziphakeme ezincane ezinamaphakethe abushelelezi noma ama-pubescent, akwazi ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu enhlabathini eyinkimbinkimbi.
Kalohortus Tolmi - inhlobo ebonakala ngokuhluma okuphezulu kwembewu engadingi ukuhlukaniswa, kanye nemibala ehlukahlukene yokuqhakaza. Uyakwazi ukukhombisa bonke ubuhle bayo ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu owomile. Ukuphakama okumaphakathi kungama-10-60 cm.
Kalohortus akufani - Ukuqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi ngezimbali eziphuzi nge-pubescence encane emaphethelweni wezipals. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Izizwa imnandi ezindaweni zobumba ezimeni ezithile zomthunzi.
Kalohortus encane - isitshalo esincane esinezimhlophe ezimhlophe, ezikhula zingadluli ku-10 cm. Sithanda inhlabathi evundile, kepha ikhula kahle emithambekeni yezintaba ngasendaweni ephakeme.
Kalohortus nudus - uhlobo lwesitshalo esinezimbali ezithile ze-lilac noma i-pink hue ekhanyayo, zincamela ukuhlala kunhlabathi enomswakama omkhulu endaweni eseduze kwechibi noma ixhaphozi. Ukuphakama okumaphakathi - akukho ngaphezu kwama-30 cm.
Kalokhortus monochromatic - uhlobo oluye lwathandwa kakhulu ekutshaleni ingadi ngokungabekezeleleki kwalo ekukhuleni, ebusika obuqinile be-hardness kanye nokumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
Iqembu 3 - I-Spherical, magic flashlight (Izibani ze-Faіry noma i-Globe Tulіps)
Iqembu lesithathu libizwa ngokuthi "ama-Spherical, magic taa", ngoba izimbali zakhiwe njengamabhola amancane.
Kalokhortus mhlophe - Siqukethe amaqabunga amancanyana basal angaba ngu-20-50 cm ubude nama-inflorescence amhlophe wezimbali ezi-3-12 ezinomhlaba obanzi. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo cishe kungamasentimitha angama-50. Emvelweni wemvelo kutholakala emaphethelweni amahlathi nasemithambekeni yezintaba ezimweni ezithile zomthunzi osesilinganisweni.
Kuhle Kalohortus - uhlobo lwesitshalo esinezimbali eziphuzi zegolide ezivulekile, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinsikeni zamahlathi ngokukhanya okuhle nasemithambekeni yezintaba endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-0-1-1 ngaphezulu kolwandle.
Kalohortus Amoenus - inesiqu esiqhekeziwe esifinyelela ku-15 cm ukuphakama, izimbali ezibomvana ngombala oyindilinga. Ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezinomthunzi nomswakama omuhle womhlabathi.
