Uma ama-aphid avela ezitshalweni zasendlini, zibangela ukulimala okukhulu. Ukukhula kwazo kuyama, isiqu siqala ukugoba, ama-buds awavuleki, bese amaqabunga egobela, ngenxa yalokho izitshalo ezinhle ezithola ukwakheka okubi. Lezi zinambuzane zenezela izimbali ngaphandle kwelungelo lokubuyiselwa, ngakho-ke, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala ze-aphid, izinyathelo ezinqumayo kufanele zithathwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izitshalo ezifuywayo zifa ngokushesha.
Kulesi sihloko, sizozama ukuthola ukuthi yini i-aphid ngezimbali zasendlini, ukuthi ungasusa kanjani lesi sinambuzane ekhaya?
Isimo sezinambuzane
I-Aphid Ethinta Izitshalo Zasendlini eqenjini. Udla ujusi wezitshalo. Uma ikoloni lalezi zinhlwayi lihlala imbali, lokhu kulimaza kakhulu ukondleka kwezicubu zalo namaqabunga, ngenxa yalokho liqala ukuba buthaka futhi liphele.
Lesi sinambuzane sincane kakhulu ngosayizi, singeqi ubude obungu-2-3 mm. Kuya ngokuthi ihlala kuphi, lesi sinambuzane siluhlaza, simhlophe, siphuzi, sipinki futhi simnyama.
Ngenxa ye-proboscis ekhethekile, ama-aphid aqhoboza ingxenye engenhla yamahlumela namaqabunga. Ukudla ujusi wezitshalo ezinothile kuma-carbohydrate, izinambuzane ziqala ukufihla uketshezi olumnandi ngamanani amakhulu (i-paddy), esiza ukuheha ezinye izinambuzane. Le ntandokazi idonswa ikakhulukazi yizintuthwane, ezingazakhela eyazo imihlambi ye-aphid bese iqala ukuzivikela, izidlulisele amahlumela amasha, zize nazo ziye nayo emakhaya ayo ebusika.
Leloloni ngalinye laphid linobabili izinambuzane ezingenamaphiko nezingenantambo. Izinhlobo ezinamaphiko zithuthukisa ukusakazeka okusheshayo kwama-aphid ezitshalweni zasendlini, nokuzala okungenazintambo nge-parthenogeneis, lapho umbungu ukhula ngaphandle komanyolo.
Izizathu zokubukeka
Ezitshalweni zasendlini uvame ukuthola ama-aphid amhlophe, isithombe esivezwe kuleli ndatshana, kepha ezinye izinhlobo nazo zingaqala. Izinambuzane zihlala ngeziqu, izimpande, amaqabunga nezimbali.
Lesi sinambuzane sivela ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene:
uma kuthengwe isitshalo esisha esathinteka inkathazo;- ama-aphid angangena emgwaqweni ngomnyango ovulekile noma iwindi ngezimbali zasendle;
- kuvame ukulethwa endlini ngezingubo noma kwezinye izinto;
- ikoloni le-aphid ezitshalweni lingaxazululwa izintuthwane ezidla ngephedi futhi zithwale lezi zinambuzane ngemibala.
uma kuthengwe isitshalo esisha esathinteka inkathazo;Ama-aphid ezitshalweni zasendlini avame ukutholakala emaceleni amahlumela noma ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, amboze cishe ngokuphelele. Amaqabunga athintekile aqala ukubuna kancane kancane, aqhekeke futhi omile. Ngaphandle kwabo, efihlekile futhi iyafangaphandle kokuqhakaza. Izinambuzane zibonakala ngokucacile ngeso elinqunu, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuthola ukuthi kungani izitshalo ziqala ukufa.
Ungasusa kanjani aphid ngezimbali zasendlini?
Ukubhekana nalesi sinambuzane ekhaya futhi uvikele ukusakazeka kwaso, sebenzisa izindlela ezilula namathuluzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokuvimbela ngesikhathi esifanele nokufika ngesikhathi esifanele ekulweni kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule ngezimbali eziqinile nezinempilo zasendlini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali
Ungasusa inkathazo ekhaya ngosizo lotshwala obunobuthi. Le mikhiqizo ine-composition emnene equkethe ama-pesticides kanye nama-insecticides angalimazi imvelo. Le mishanguzo isetshenziswa kaningi, ukwakheka kwayo kumelwa yizakhi ezinjengamafutha acid noma uwoyela wemifino.
Uma inkathazo isifikile endaweni encane yesiphuphu sendlu, kufanele isuswe ngokucophelela. Lokhu akumenzi alimale, futhi asule nengxenye engonakalisiwe ngamanzi anensipho.
Uma i-aphid isabalale kakhulu, ukuyikhipha ekhaya Sebenzisa izinambuzane ezilandelayo:
I-Actara;- Confidor;
- I-Actarin;
- I-Actellik;
- I-Agravertine;
- I-Kinmix;
- I-Fitoverma.
I-Actara;Kukhona ezinye izidakamizwa zokuqeda lesi sinambuzane, okubaluleke kakhulu - bambelela kulezi zincomo ezilandelayo:
- Amakhemikhali kufanele asetshenziselwe iplanethi ngayinye, kungakhathalekile ukuthi kukhona i-aphid kuyo noma cha. Lokhu kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, izinambuzane zingabuya ziye imbali. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwenqubo yokuhlanzwa kwazo zonke izitshalo ngaphandle kokukhetha, amathuba okusakazeka kwalezi zinambuzane angasho lutho.
- Ama-aphid asheshe azijwayeze nama-insecticides. Ujwayela izidakamizwa eziningi futhi avumelane nezenzo zawo. Ngakho-ke, kumele ziguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-biological agents
Le ndlela yokususa ama-aphid ekhaya ifaka phakathi inani lezitshalo zasendlini ezinezinambuzane ezidla kuma-aphid. Kungenzeka ama-ladybugs, ama-lacewings, ezinye izinhlobo zeminyovu.
Le ndlela yomzabalazo ifaka umzamo omkhulu, ngoba kulokhu udinga ukuthenga izimbali ezengeziwe ezizodonsela ukunaka kwalezi zidalwa eziwusizo. Kulesi simo kuphela lapho bezokwazi ukuthatha izimpande futhi basuse izitshalo zasendlini zezinambuzane.
Uma kunezimbali eziningi, khona-ke kungcono ukuthi uzivikele ngama-entomophages we-parasitic: i-pregeallallallall yanyongo, i-lysiflebus, i-aphidius.
Izindlela zemvelo zomzabalazo
Abalimi abaningi bathanda ukuqeda izinambuzane ekhaya besebenzisa izindlela zezemvelo, bezicabanga njengephephe kakhulu. Kulokhu izimbali zihlanzwa ngamanzi anensiphofuthi hlamba njalo ngaphansi kokugeza. Uma ziningi kakhulu lezi zinambuzane, khona-ke izindawo ezithinteka kakhulu zezitshalo ziyalungiswa.
Amalungiselelo asuselwa ku-oyela nawo ayasetshenziswa, angabeki ngozi ebantwini. Ukufafaza nalawa ma-ejenti kwenziwa ukuze ingaphezulu lamaqabunga limbozwe ifilimu. Ngokuqapha, asetshenziswa endaweni yokukhula yama-buds nezimbali, ngoba lapho imikhiqizo kawoyela ingena kuzo, ziqala ukunamathela, emva kwalokho ziqale ukubuna.
Izazi zezimbali zivame ukubeka i-pelargonium yangaphakathi enamabala asondele eduze kwimbali ethelelwayo, engaxosha u-aphid. Ngenxa yalokho, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa inkathazo izonyamalala.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Njengoba ama-aphid angabhebhetheka ngokushesha okukhulu, isilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuvimbela ukuqaphela njalo kwezitshalo ezingaphakathi endlini futhi kuzihlole ukuze zikhombe inkathazo kusenesikhathi. Izimbali ezisanda kutholwa kufanele zahlukaniswe isonto.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inkathazo ithanda ukushisa nomoya owomile, ngakho-ke akufanele udale izimo ezinhle kanjalo. Uma kutholakala abantu abambalwa kuphela, kusamele bathathwe izinyathelo eziphuthumayo.
Okwenzelwe ukucubungula izitshalo ezivela ezinambuzini kuye kwenziwa inani elikhulu lama-pesticides, kepha kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuzisebenzisa ekhaya, ngoba zinobuthi ezilwaneni nakubantu. Kungcono ukuqeda inkathazo ngemithi yabantu efakazelwe engeke ilimaze abanikazi bemizi nezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ngakho-ke, sihlole ukuthi yini ama-aphid, isithombe sakho esingabonakala esihlokweni. Iphindaphindwa ngokushesha okukhulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela kuyenziwa ngempela. Kuyadingeka ukubhekana nakho, futhi ngokushesha lapho lokhu kwenziwa, kungcono. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inkathazo enjalo iyakwazi ukubhubhisa noma yiziphi izinto ezihlala endlini.
