Noble Laurel - isihlahla sekolo esihlotshaniswa neGrisi yasendulo, nesithombe sezinganekwane sikankulunkulu wasendulo u-Apollo, okuwuphawu lobuhle besilisa. Futhi i-laurel ingenye yezinongo ezithandwa kakhulu, ezisetshenziselwa umhlaba wonke ekuphekeni nasekulondolozeni. Emithini yesintu usebenzisa i-laurel ebabazekayo, ama-tinctures, ukusikaza kanye ne-decoction ephumelelayo yokulwa nezifo ezahlukahlukene ayalungiswa. Silima ama-laurels engadini (esifundeni eseningizimu) nezangaphakathi. Lo mbhalo uzokhuluma ngezici ezikhulayo ze-laurel nokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezokwelapha nasekuphekeni.
Laurel noble
Isitshalo seLaurel emlandweni, izinganekwane nezinganekwane
U-Ovid odumile ku- "Metamorphoses" wakhe usitshela ukuthi u-Apollo, owayehlala phakathi kwabantu, wathandana no-nymph Daphne futhi wamlandela njalo. Ngesinye isikhathi, ngemuva kokuhlula inyoka, uPython, u-Apollo wahlangana noNkulunkulu osemusha we-Love Eros ngomnsalo nangomcibisholo futhi wahlekisa ngaye: "Kungani wena baby, umnsalo nemicibisholo? Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi ungangehlula kubuciko bokudubula?" Lokhu kuhlambalaza kwamcunula u-Eros, futhi wathumela imicibisholo emibili ukuze aziphindisele. Owokuqala, umcibisholo wothando, wabhoboza u-Apollo, kanti owesibili - uthando lokubulala - washaya uDaphne.
Kusukela lapho, uDaphne ubelokhu ebalekela u-Apollo. Awekho amaqhinga amsizile. Ekhathele ukuhlupheka, ukushushiswa kwaphakade, uDaphne waphendukela kuyise uPeeneus noMhlaba ukuze bathathe isithombe sakhe. Ngemuva kwalawa mazwi, yaphenduka isihlahla se-laurel (kuyamangaza ukuthi eRussia kuze kube ngekhulu le-XVIII iqabunga le-bay labizwa ngokuthi "daphnia" ("laurel" ngesiGreek - "daphne") .U-Apollo odabukisayo kusukela lapho waqala ukugqoka umqhele i-evergreen laurel.
EGrisi, amakhaya ayehlotshiswe ngamahlamvu e-bay ukuze aqabule igumbi. Amagatsha eLaurel abekwa kumatilasi ukuze amaphupho angokwesiprofetho akwazi ukuphupha. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi i-laurel isindisa embaneni. Ngakho-ke, iqiniso liyaziwa ukuthi umbusi waseRoma uTiberius ngesikhathi sokuduma wagqoka isigaxa se-laurel futhi wakhasa ngaphansi kombhede.
Laurel noble (I-Laurus nobilis) - umuthi ongaphansi komhlaba noma isihlahlana, uhlobo lwe-genus Laurus (Laurus) Umndeni kaLaurel.
Igatsha le-laurel, njenge-laurel wreath, libhekwa njengophawu lwenkazimulo, ukunqoba nokuthula. Kwigama lalesi sitshalo kwavela:
- Amagama: uLaurel, uLawrence, uLaura, uLorentz;
- Igama elithi "laureate" elisho "umqhele nge-laurel";
- Izinkulumo: "Vuna ama-laurels" - sebenzisa izithelo zempumelelo yakho, "phumula kwiimpahla zakho zokugcina" - yeka ukulwela ukunqoba okunye, ukujabulele ukufezeka.
I-laurel yayithathwa njengesihlahla esingcwele, imichilo yama-laurels yayihlobisa amakhanda abanqobi eGreece yasendulo. Amaqabunga e-laurel enhle asetshenziswa endaweni yonke njengesiqholo (iqabunga le-bay).
Incazelo ye-laurel enhle
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo laurel enhle yiMedithera. Ensimini yeRussia ikhula ezifundeni eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Krasnodar Territory. Umuthi ophansi ohlala njalo womndeni we-laurel ongama-8-10 m ubude, kodwa futhi ungaba nesihlahla esifana nesihlahla. Kwesinye isikhathi emahlathini kunezihlahla ezingafika ku-18 m ubude.
Isiqu somuthi sifinyelela ku-40 cm ubukhulu ngamagrey grey amnyama. Umqhele omnyama, imvamisa owesimo se-pyramidal. Kushiya ama-petioles amafushane, alula, alternate, lesikhumba, acwebezelayo, aqine, anomumo oblong, akhombe phezulu, futhi ancishisiwe esisekelweni. Amnyama aluhlaza ngaphezulu ngenhla, futhi alula ngezansi, anendawo ebonakalayo ebonakalayo ye-cirrus, acinene kancane emaphethelweni. Banephunga eliqinile lesimilo.
Laurel noble
I-Laurel isitshalo esijwayelekile futhi izimbali zaso ziyizitabane. Ezihlahleni ezithile, izimbali ezincane ezinamandla ziqoqwa kuma-axillary inflorescence ama-6-12 ama-pc.. I-perianth yazo ilula, ifakwe inkomishi, yamaqabunga amane aluhlaza okotshani noma omhlophe. Kwezinye izihlahla, izimbali ezingama-pistillate kuphela, ezincane kakhulu kunezimbali ezinamandla, ziqoqiwe kuma-axils amaqabunga. Izithelo - emnyama-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwehla esiphundu, enamakha afinyelela ku-2 cm ubude, i-ovoid noma i-elliptical ngesimo, enethambo elikhulu. Iqhakaza ngoMashi-Ephreli, futhi izithelo zivuthwa ngo-Okthoba-Novemba.
Inani leqabunga le-bay alinakuphikwa, ngoba liqukethe uwoyela obalulekile (i-4.5%), i-cineole, i-acetic, i-valerianic, i-caproic acid. Emapheshana kukhona i-pinene, geraniol, eugenol. Izithelo namaqabunga aqukethe ama-tannins, umunyu.
Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cholecystitis engapheli, i-cholelithiasis. Ama-decoctions amaqabunga e-bay athuthukisa ukugaya, avusele isifiso sokudla, abe nomphumela omuhle kwizitho eziningi. Kusuka emaqabunga, izithelo nezimbali zithola uwoyela obalulekile embonini yokudla. Kusetshenziswe kancane embonini yamakha nensipho.
Ukusetshenziswa kweqabunga le-bay ekuphekeni
Iqabunga leBay linephunga elimfiphele nokunambitheka okumunyu. Njengesiphunga, kusetshenziswa amaqabunga (omisiwe naluhlaza okotshani), izithelo nefulawa eyenziwe ngamaqabunga omisiwe, kanye nama-briquette, lapho kwesinye isikhathi kufakwa khona i-powder. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphekeni nasekheniweni.
Iqabunga le-Bay kwesinye isikhathi libizwa ngokuthi yisinongo, ngakho-ke livame ukusetshenziswa. Ifaka ama-ennobles nama-aroma izitsha ezinama-acid (amasoso, i-gravy). Yengeza ezitsheni zokuqala - isobho (inyama, imifino, inhlanzi, njll.), Isobho seklabishi, i-borscht. Iqabunga leBay linikeza i-piquancy ezifundweni zesibili zewundlu, inyama yenkomo, ingulube, kuhlanganiswe nenhlanzi ebilisiwe ne-stewed. Kuyavumelana nezitsha zemifino ezivela kubhontshisi, uphizi, ubhontshisi, iklabishi, izaqathi.
Amaqabunga e-Bay, ngokungafani nezinye izinongo eziningi, angezwe imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokupheka okokuqala kanye nemizuzu engu-7-7 ekhosini yesibili. Amanani amabhukumaka angama-1-2 kuya ku-3-4 amapheshana endishini ngayinye. Ngemuva kokubeka izinongo, isivalo sivaliwe, ishidi lisuswa esitsheni esisele.
Iqabunga leBay - isinongo esisemqoka sokuqondisa ukunambitheka nephunga lejelly, izitsha ezihlaselayo. Kusetshenziswa embonini yokudla ukwenziwa koshizi, amasoseji, udoti, izitshulu, amasosi, imishayo, imikhiqizo yokuhlanza ukotweni, ukulungiselela imayonnaise, ketchup, njll. Kuyingxenye yemixube eminingi yezinongo: Hops Suneli, Garni Bouquet "nabanye
E-canning yasekhaya, isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi lapho kukhiwa utamatisi, ukhukhamba, squash, beet, iklabishi, ubhontshisi, amakhowe. Ngokuhambisana nezinye izinongo nezinongo, kunikeza ama-marinade ukunambitheka okumnandi okuyisiphunga nephunga eliyingqayizivele. Babuye basebenzise kukhukhamba, lapho benza khona umsebenzi ohlukile, banikeze umkhiqizo ukunambitheka okuthe xaxa.
ENtshonalanga Yurophu, isiko lokwengeza amaqabunga e-bay ezinhlotsheni ezithile zikajamu ngesikhathi sokuwafaka kwesinye isidlo nakwezinye izitsha ezimnandi, iziphuzo neziphuzo zokupheka kulondoloziwe.
Khula laurel noble
U-Laurel uzizwa engcono kakhulu ezindaweni ezikhanyayo, kepha angabekezelela ukumiswa kokukhanya. Ibekezelela ukwehla kwesikhashana nje kwesilinganiso sokushisa ukuya kuma-degrees ayi-10-12 weqhwa. Iyabekezelela isomiso futhi ayikhethi ngemihlabathi. Umanyolo we-Organic ne-mineral ukuthinta kahle ukukhula nokukhula kwe-laurel. Njengesiko lezimboni, i-laurel ibilokhu ikhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaba ngu-60.
Emasimini, ama-laurels atshalwa ezifundeni ezingaphansi komhlaba, lapho izinga lokushisa eliphansi lingaconsi ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-12. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, inhlabathi ilinywa ifike ku-40 kuya ku-40 cm cm.Okuhlanganiswa ama-organic (ama-4-6 kg / m and) kanye nezimbiwa (zamaminithini aphelele) ngaphansi kokulima. Ngemuva kwalokhu, uzungu luyaklwebhulwa futhi lukhulekwe amahlandla amabili kuya kwamathathu. Ukutshala kwenziwa ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngezikhala phakathi kwemigqa ye-1-2 m, kube nezikhala phakathi kwezitshalo 1-1,5 metres.
Emasimini, i-laurel ibhekelwa ukhula, ukulima, ukuchelela nokulawula izinambuzane. ILaurel nayo ingatshalwa endlini.
Amaqabunga avela ku-laurel aqoqwa kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari ezihlahleni ezifike eminyakeni emithathu kuye kwemine. Sika amagatsha anamaqabunga bese womile izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi emthunzini. Ngemuva kwalokho amaqabunga ayasuswa, ahlelwe futhi ahlatshwe, agcinwe emagumbini awomile. Ukuze uthole uwoyela obalulekile, amaqabunga athunyelwa ukuthunyelwa okusha.
Ukusakazeka kwe-laurel ngokusika
I-Laurel isakazwa ngembewu, ukusikwa kanye nokubekwa kwezandla. Indlela evame kakhulu ukusakazwa ngemisiko ngokusika okwenziwe ngamakhompiyutha. Ukusika i-laurel kwenziwa entwasahlobo (Mashi-Ephreli) noma ehlobo (Juni-Julayi). Okokusika kokusikeka kusetshenziswa amahlumela waminyaka yonke (avuthiwe, kodwa hhayi othambile) we-laurel. Izimbumbulu (ubude obuyi-6-8 cm, ezinama-internode amathathu), athathwe ukusuka phakathi noma engxenyeni engezansi yamahlumela esihlahla se-laurel, asikwa ngokungacacile ngaphansi kwendawo yesithathu. Ishidi elingaphansi liyasuswa, bese abangaphezulu besikwa phakathi.
Laurel noble
Isihlabathi samalahle, noma ingxube ye-moss nesihlabathi, noma i-turf komhlaba nesihlabathi singasetshenziswa njengesiqalo sendawo yokusika ukhula lwe-laurel: ungqimba lwamanzi luthululelwa ebhodweni, khona-ke ungqimba lomhlaba we-turf (cishe u-4 cm) ngaphezulu. umswakama futhi usike izihlahla ukusika ku-1-1,5 cm.
Ukhula lwenqubo yokusika lwenzeka kahle "esikhwameni sokugcina ukushisa", noma ku-cuticle, noma ngaphansi kwengilazi yeglasi. Izimbambo zokugawula imbala zishesha zifafazwe futhi zivulwe nsuku zonke. Ezingeni lokushisa lokuqukethwe kwe-cuttings kwama-degree ayi-16 ukuya ku-20, athatha izimpande cishe inyanga.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwembewu ye-laurel
Izinto zokutshala zikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ezindaweni zokugcina izingane noma imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngqo emhlabathini. Imbewu evunwa ezihlahleni zesibeletho ezikhethekile ilahlekelwa amandla okuzala, yingakho ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvunwa ekwindla kuya ekujuleni kuka-4-5 cm. Lapho kuvela izithombo, izitshalo zinqunywe kude nge-6-8 cm.
Imbewu yeLaurel mikhulu, i-oval ngesimo, ifinyelela ku-2 cm ubude, inesikhumba esincanyana esinamanzi esivimba ukuthi singoma ukhula nokuhluma ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Imbewu ye-laurel enhle, njengawo wonke ama-laurel, ayikubekezeleli ukoma futhi iqhubeke nokusebenza izinyanga ezi-3-5 kuphela, uma igcinwe egumbini elipholile nelinomswakama.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, kufanele zikhululwe kwigobolondo, ngaphandle kwalokho zizokhula isikhathi eside kakhulu. Kungcono ukuthi uwahlwanyele ngokushesha emabhodweni ahlukile anamandla okungenani welitha elilodwa noma emhlabathini, ngokushesha afike endaweni ehlala njalo. Imbewu iqhuma ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi imbewu ngayinye ingaqala ukuhluma ngoJanuwari, kepha-ke, uma kugadla kakhulu iqhwa elinamandla, izithombo ezinjalo zivame ukufa.
Khula laurel endlini
Kungcono ukugcina izitshalo emakamelweni ebusika emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-10 degrees Celsius, kuyilapho entwasahlobo isitshalo sithathwa kangcono ngaphandle. Ngonyaka wokuqala, izithombo zenza kahle ngaphandle kokugqoka okuphezulu, kepha kusukela ngonyaka wesibili wokutshala, ungafaka noma imuphi umanyolo wamaminerali ngendlela yesisombululo kumakhambi amancane. ILaurel ibekezelela kakhulu izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi, ayivumeli kuphela ukuba manzi kakhulu.
Njengoba usukhulile i-laurel ekhaya, uzothola isitshalo esihle esihle soluhlaza njalo. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, ithuba lokulungiselela mathupha leli zinongo ezinhle - iqabunga le-bay.
I-Laurel emithini yabantu
Ukufakwa kwamacembe e-bay: phisa 1 inkomishi abilayo amanzi 2 tbsp. l ishidi elichotshoziwe, gcizelela amahora angu-1-2, ukusongelwa ukushisa, uhlobo. Uma kwenzeka kuphuma endlebeni, hlambulula izindlebe zendlebe ugaye endlebeni ukumfaka okufudumele kwamaqabunga e-bay. Ngemuva kokufakwa, ukumboza ukuvulwa kwendlebe nge-swab yekotini. Inqubo yenziwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku noma isikhathi esi-1 ebusuku.
Ukufakwa kwamacembe e-laurel: phisa ama-300 ml wamanzi abilayo ama-5 g amaqabunga aqhekekile, gcizelela ku-thermos amahora amathathu, gxobhoza izingqimba ezingama-2-3 ze-gauze, ulethe ivolumu kulokho okwangempela. Thatha ngomlomo ngobuhlungu be-spastic ekunciphiseni okuncane ipulethi yonke amahora ayi-12. Inkambo yokwelashwa iyizinsuku ezimbili.
Laurel noble
Ukufakwa kwamacembe e-laurelThela izingilazi ezi-3 zamanzi abilayo ngamaqabunga ayi-10 ahlanzekile e-laurel, faka amahora ama-2 ku-thermos, ubunzima. Thatha njalo inkomishi engu-1/2 izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku sikashukela.
Isilinganiso seqabunga leLaurel: phisa ama-300 ml wamanzi abilayo ama-5 g weqabunga le-bay, ubilise ukushisa okuphansi noma kubhavu wamanzi imizuzu emi-5, ugcizelele ku-thermos amahora angu-4-5, ubunzima. Phuza umhluzi olungiselelwe kumashiphu amancane amahora ayi-12 ukuze uhlanze amalunga. Phinda inqubo yezinsuku ezi-3. Ngemuva kwesonto - phinda ezinye izinsuku ezi-3. Ngezinsuku zokwelashwa, izidlo zemifino kuphela. Amajoyinti kufanele ahlanze unyaka wokuqala njalo ngekota, bese kuba kanye ngonyaka futhi njalo ngemuva kokuhlanzwa kwamathumbu. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, amathumbu angcolile ngaphansi kwethonya lesinqumo seqabunga lamaqabunga e-bay angaba umthombo wokukhipha komzimba.
I-Laurel iqabunga tinctureThela u-0,5 litre we-vodka enkomishini eyi-1 yeqabunga le-chop chop bese uthele izinsuku eziyi-14 endaweni emnyama, efudumele, ngezikhathi ezithile unikine okuqukethwe, bese kuba nzima. Thatha u-1 tbsp. l Izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku amahora angama-0.5 ngaphambi kokudla ngaphambi kokwelashwa (komdlavuza womphimbo).
Ezithelo ezivuthiwe ze-laurel, kutholakala i-oyili enamafutha amaningi, esetshenziswa kwezokwelapha njenge-antiseptic yangaphandle yokuthuthwa kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nokuphikisana nobuhlungu bemisipha, ukuvuvukala kwemisipha, nama-sprains kanye ne-dislocation, ngokuhlikihla ngokukhubazeka komzimba, i-rheumatism. Emithini yesintu, i-laurel yamafutha isetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-cholecystitis engapheli kanye nesifo se-gallstone. Ngezinhloso ezifanayo, ungasebenzisa uwoyela owenziwe ngamaqabunga e-laurel.
Amafutha e-Bay ingalungiswa ngale ndlela elandelayo: faka endishini ama-30 g amaqabunga we-bay aqoshiwe, uthele ama-200 ml kawoyela onamafutha noma we-sunflower kuwo futhi ugcizelele endaweni efudumele izinsuku eziyi-7, bese uxineka bese ucindezela.
Amahlamvu we-laurel ahlafunwe anamathele emanxebeni asiza ukulunywa yizinambuzane ezinobuthi kanye nezinyoka. Amaqabunga amasha we-laurel ayasiza ngendlela yokugqoka okwelapha ukulunywa ama-hornets nezinyosi. Ngokusho kwezazi zasendulo, i-laurel iyisidambiso kubo bonke ubuthi obudakiwe. Uma ucezu lwokhuni oluyinqaba oluhle luboshwe emabeleni, ingane iyoma ukukhala futhi ilale.
Zonke izingxenye zesihlahla zinezindawo ezinhle zokubulala amagciwane. Ngokugaya, kufanele uphuze amaconsi ama-4-5 wejusi le-laurel, eligezwe ngamanzi. Ngendlela efanayo, kubuhlungu izinhlungu ezindlebeni nasezindlebeni, futhi amabala asuswa ebusweni. Amaqabunga kaLaurel, lapho egqokwa emzimbeni, avimbela ukukhishwa kwemizwa.
Ngabe ukhula i-laurel? Ilinde izindaba zakho!
