Ukutshala iRosemary nokunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile nasekhaya kukhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweniI-Rosemary (i-Rosmarinus) isitshalo esihlala sihlala sihlala njalo emndenini u-Iasnatkovye.
Emvelweni yemvelo, i-rosemary ihlala eNyakatho Afrika (iTunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morokho), eCyprus, eTurkey kanye namazwe aseYurophu (Spain, Portugal, Greece, Italy, France, endaweni yeYugoslavia yangaphambili).
Umlando wegama nezakhiwo eziwusizo
Ukusuka kwisiLatini, igama lesitshalo lihunyushwa ngokuthi ubusha basolwandle. Kepha iphunga le-rosemary lihlanganisa iphunga likaphayini kanye ne-camphor, ngakho-ke igama lesiGrikhi lisondele eqinisweni, okusho ukuthi ishibals yebhalsamu.
Kungenxa yephunga ukuthi rosemary idumile. Kuhlanganiswa nesixha sezithako (inqwaba yamakhambi anephunga elimnandi noma isixha sezimbali), kanye nasekuqoqweni kwamakhambi weProvencal. Kungezwe neziphuzo, ama-marinade. Iziqongo zamahlumela ziba isizini entsha yokupheka isobho, izitsha zenyama, isitshalo seqanda, isigaxa. I-Rosemary isihlobo esiseduze sehisopi, i-basil, i-lavender, i-peppermint, i-thyme, i-oregano, i-lemon balm, i-peppermint.
Izimpawu nezinkolelo-ze mayelana nerosemary
Abafundi be-Greece yasendulo babegqoka imichilo yerosemary emakhanda abo, ngoba bekholelwa ukuthi kuthuthukisa inkumbulo. Wayebhekwa njengophawu lobuqotho emshadweni. Isetshenziswe emasikweni: umshado, umngcwabo, umhlobiso wamasonto, izikhathi zemimoya neminye imicimbi yemilingo. Ngenxa yezakhi zokubulala amagciwane, izitshalo zazisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza umoya ezikhungweni zezokwelapha.
Lesi sitshalo yi-thermophilic - sihlala endaweni evulekile kuphela ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, izithako nokukhula kwembiza kufanelekile.
Ukukhula rosemary kusuka imbewu
Isithombe sembewu yeRosemary
Mhlawumbe imbewu nokusakazwa okukhanyayo (nge-cutways, layering, ukuhlukanisa isihlahla).
- Hlwanyela izithombo rosemary ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kanye ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi.
- Cwilisa imbewu emanzini afudumele amahora amaningi.
- Ngaphansi kwesitsha sokufika, beka ungqimba lwamapayipi aqukethe ubumba olwandisiwe, izingcezu zegwebu le-polystyrene (kufanele lithathe u-1/3 wesitsha).
- Inhlabathi idinga okunempilo, umswakama-uvunyelwe, ukuxega. Kungaba isigceme sendawo esekwe peat noma ingxube yesihlabathi ne-vermiculite noma i-peat enomquba oqinile.
Rosemary kusuka imbewu amahlumela isithombe
Sakaza imbewu ebusweni (ungaqale uzome kancane emoyeni kuze kube ukugeleza), ufafaze ngomhlaba, u-moisten ngokufafaza kusuka kusifutho esihle. Mboza izitshalo ngefilimu noma ngengilazi. Imila ekushiseni okungama-25-30 ºC.
Izithombo zezithombe zembewu yeRosemary
Faka umoya ku-greenhouse, uvundise inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile. Amahlumela azovela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2. Susa indawo yokukhosela, unikeze ukukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Lapho izitshalo ezincane zifinyelela kubude obuyi-7-8 cm, zingatshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukile noma emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukusakazwa kwe-rosemary ngokusika
Ukusika kwesithombe se-rosemary se-cutways egxilile emanzini
- Ukusika kwenziwa ngoSepthemba-Okthoba.
- Ukusuka amahlumela waminyaka yonke, ukusikwa kobude obuyi-8-10 cm. Kufanele aqukathe ama-internode angama-3-4.
- Susa amaqabunga kusuka phansi, ubambe ukusika kusikhuselo sokukhula.
Ukusika kwe-roosemary emhlabathini
- Umsuka okhanyayo, inhlabathi evulekile nge-drainage enhle noma amanzi.
- Nikeza ukufudumala nokukhanya okukhanyayo ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, gcina umswakama womhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amasha, ungahlala phezulu.
Ukusakazeka ngokuhlelwa
Ukusakazeka ngokulambisa kuyindlela elula elula. Tsheka ihlumela emhlabathini, lungisa ngamabakaki, ufafaze ngomhlaba, ushiye i-apex ngaphezulu komhlaba. Amanzi ngesitshalo esikhulu. Lapho phezulu likhula, lingahlukaniswa esihlahleni bese litshalwa kabusha.
Ukuzala kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla
Ungahlukanisa kanjani isithombe se-rosemary bush
I-rosemary yangaphakathi ivame ukusakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Susa isihlahla enhlabathini, uhlukanise sibe izingxenye eziningana: ukuhlukana ngakunye kufanele kube ne-rhizome ethuthukisiwe kanye namahlumela. Phatha izindawo zokusikeka nge-fungicide, izithombo zezinzuzo.
Ungakhula kanjani irosemary ekhaya
Isithombe seRosemary bonsai
Ukufakelwa
Ungakhula kanjani irosemary kufasitela? Akukho lula! Tshala i-rosemary ebhodweni (mhlawumbe udaka) enobubanzi be-9-11 cm ngezimbobo ezinhle zokudonsa. Phansi, beka ungqimba lwamanzi abunjiwe.
Inhlabathi
Inhlabathi inamanzi futhi iyakwazi ukuphefumula. Ungaxuba i-substrate yendawo yonke nesihlabathi ne-vermiculite. Ingxube elandelayo ilungile: Izingxenye ezi-2 zeqabunga, umhlaba wesod, i-humus ngokufakwa kwengxenye eyi-1 yesihlabathi. Nyakazisa inhlabathi, wenze umgodi kuyo ngokuhambisana nohlelo lwempande yesithombo, ikubeke ebhodweni, engeza inhlabathi, icwecwe kancane.
Ukubeka
Indawo ekahle kakhulu yesitshalo kungaba windows windows eningizimu. Jikelezisa imbiza ye-rosemary engu-180 ° isonto ngalinye ukuze uqinisekise ukukhanyisela.
Ukushisa komoya nokunisela
Ungasinisa kanjani isithombe se-rosemary
Hlikihla njalo egumbini, kodwa gcina kude nokubhaliwe.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, beka kuvulandi, ithala, engadini. Buyela egumbini elinokwehla kwezinga lokushisa komoya ku - 1 ºC. Ebusika, gcina okushisa komoya ngaphansi kwe-16 ºC.
Gcina umswakama oqhubekayo womhlabathi, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi. Ukuntuleka kwamanzi kukhonjiswa ngokuphuzi kwamaqabunga engxenyeni engezansi yesitshalo, futhi kusukela kokuswakama okuthe xaxa kuba nokuphuma kwamaqabunga. Sebenzisa amanzi ahleliwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni. amanzi akufanele awele emacembe - angaba isikhunta.
Yini futhi kanjani ukondla
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo (Mashi-Septhemba-September), faka umanyolo wamaminerali, ugxile ku-calcium. Yondla njalo emavikini ama-2. Ungenza ukugqoka okuphezulu ebusika, kepha isikhathi esingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-1-1,5.
Ungayakha Kanjani Bonsai yeRosemary
Ungasenza Kanjani isithombe seRosemary Bonsai
Isitshalo sikubekezelela ngokuphelele ukwenza izihlahla futhi sizibophezele ekushintsheni kwesimo, esetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ngabathandi be-bonsai. Ngakho-ke, ungakha futhi isihlahla esingajwayelekile esidonsela ukunaka nge-charm ekhethekile.
- Thatha ucingo oluningi bese usonga ihlumela elingaphakathi lesitshalo, udale izimbobo nokuthambekela.
- Yenza isitshalo kwelinye ihlumela ukwenza umuthi omncane.
- Njengoba ukhula, unqume futhi ugobe njengoba ufisa.
- Lapho isiqu sifinyelela ubude obufisayo, izihloko ziyasikwa, zivuselele ukuphoqa amahlumela aseceleni. Ngakho-ke, kutholakala umqhele omnyama emagatsheni angaphansi kwehlumela eliphakathi.
- Lapho amagatsha egcotshwa, izintambo zingasuswa futhi ukunakekelwa kungaqhubeka kuphela ngokuthena izihlahla, kunikeze isitshalo ukubukeka okubonakalayo.
Ukutshala ngaphandle nokunakekela i-rosemary
Ungatshala kanjani i-rosemary esithombeni somhlabathi
Ukutshala nini futhi kanjani
- Umhlaba endaweni evulekile engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi.
- Khetha indawo enelanga elikhanyayo nokuvikelwa yimimoya enamandla.
- Inhlabathi iyadingeka ihlulekile, ilula, ingene kahle.
Bamba izimbobo ngokobukhulu bohlelo lwempande, beka izithombo, engeza inhlabathi, uphonsa kancane. Isithombo kufanele sibe ekujuleni okufanayo njengangaphambili. Gcina ibanga eliyi-10 cm phakathi kwezitshalo, cishe ama-50 cm amahlahla amakhulu. Isonto ngemuva kokutshala, nciza iziqongo zezihlumela ukukhuthaza ukulima.
Ukunisela nokukhulula inhlabathi
Amanzi ngokulinganisela ukuvikela amanzi ukuthi angangeni emaqabungeni. Ukuntuleka noma ngokweqile komswakama kuziveza ngendlela efanayo nasekhaya.
Ngemuva kokunisela, khulula inhlabathi. Susa utshani lokhula.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Isitshalo sidinga ukugqoka okuphezulu. Entwasahlobo, faka umanyolo we-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, faka umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi. Ekwindla, qeda ingxenye ye-nitrogen ngokwandisa umthamo we-phosphorus.
Izihlahla
Ungasinikeza kanjani isithombe s rosemary
Ukuthena kuqala eminyakeni engu-2.
- Ngo-Ephreli, ukhule izihlahla ngasikhathi sokukhula okungama-3-4 wokukhula ngonyaka ophelile.
- I-rosemary evulekile ayimetwanga.
- Njalo ngeminyaka engu-7 kufanele iphindwe yenziwe kabusha: unqume wonke amahlumela, ushiye isiphunzi esiphansi.
- Ukuthena okwenziwa kusentwasahlobo kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Unganikeza isihlahla ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: ikhiyubhu, ibhola, umshanelo, isihlahla esincane.
Ubusika esifundeni saseMoscow kanye nomgwaqo ophakathi nendawo
Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nezimozolile, ukufakelwa ubusika ungene esitsheni bese ugcine egumbini elinokushisa komoya okungaphansi kwe-16 ºC. Uma isimo sezulu singekho noma kubanda ubusika obufudumele kulindeleke (ukumelana nesithwathwa kwe-rosemary kungaphakathi -15 ° C), usike isihlahla endaweni engaphezulu komhlaba, usimboze ngamaqabunga, sawdust eyomile, usimboze ngesiqoqelalwazi.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokukhulula le ndawo kusuka kwi-rosemary, u-anyanisi, ugarliki, izaqathi kuzokhula kule ndawo esikhundleni salokho.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Lesi sitshalo simelana kakhulu nezifo kanye nezinambuzane ngaphakathi nasengadini.
Ukulinyazwa yi-Powusy isikhutha kungenzeka kusuka kumswakama owandisiwe - susa izindawo ezithintekile, phatha nge-fungicide.
Umonakalo ongaba khona we-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu, izilwane ezinamaphiko amhlophe - ziphathe ngesinambuzane.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-rosemary ngezithombe namagama
Emvelweni wemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingama-3-4 kuphela zerosemary. Kuhlungwe ezimbili ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
I-Rosemary ezejwayelekile iRosmarinus officinalis noma i-rosemary officinalis
I-Roseminus officinalis noma isithombe sokwelapha esijwayelekile
Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayi-0,5-2. Uhlelo lwezimpande lunamandla, lungena ngokujulile kumamitha angama-3-4. Amahlumela aqukethe i-tetrahedral, i-pubescent esemncane, ukukhanya okumpunga ngombala, futhi ekugcineni kube nokugcwala, athole umthunzi ompunga omnyama, amagxolo ambozwe ngokhuni. Amapuleti amaqabunga anesikhumba, acwengekile, aqondile, emaphethelweni agobile phansi. Iqabunga lingama-3.5 cm ubude nangu-4 mm ububanzi. Blooms Rosemary ehlobo. Izimbali zokusomi okukhanyayo onsomi, onsomi omnyama, umbala omhlophe ziqoqiwe kuma-inflorescence omnyama we-panicle.
Izinhlobo:
Izithombe ezimhlophe ze-rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis albiflorus
UMiss Jessopp's Upright (Fastiguatus) - izimbali zinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
I-Benenden Blue - i-rosemary enamahlumela we-arched, izimbali ze-tint eblue;
I-Albiflorus - izimbali ezimhlophe;
I-Rosemary pink Rosmarinus officinalis 'Roseus'
I-roseus - izimbali ezipinki;
Ulwandle iSevern neTuscan Blue - ukuphakama kwezitshalo cishe kungama-50 cm.
I-Rosemary prostrate iRosmarinus prostratus
Isithombe seRosemary sokudonsa isithombe seRosmarinus prostratus
Isihlahla esihlala sikhona sikhula size sifinyelele ku-0.5 m, sikhule ngobubanzi ngo-1.5 m. Amagqabi afana nezinaliti. Izimbali ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma lilac. Ukhule njengethala lesisekelo.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Amafutha weRosemary umuthi obalulekile osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zesikhumba (i-furunculosis nomqubuko, i-eczema), nokwelapha amanxeba.
Ama-infusions, ama-tinctures, ama-decoctions we-rosemary athathwa njenge-antioxidant, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, tonic. I-Rosemary iphatha ezinye izifo zenhliziyo, umkhuhlane kanye nokukhuluphala. Ukuthatha amalungiselelo we-rosemary kusiza ukuqinisa nokwenza umzimba kabusha umzimba.
Contraindication: ukukhulelwa, izingane, kuze kube yiminyaka engu-9 ubudala, isithuthwane, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuthambekela kokugunda, i-hypersensitivity esikhunjeni.
