Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, imisebenzi yokuqala yabahlali basehlobo nabalimi iyaqala. Lapho umhlaba ufudumala kancane, wonke umuntu uqala ukucabanga ngokukhula kwezithombo. Kulolu daba, kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa okwamanje, ube ngesikhathi ngesikhathi. Ngenxa yendlela yokutshala, izimbali eziningi zensimu zingatshalwa. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-asters, i-dahlias, ama-phloxes, i-petunia, i-chrysanthemums, izihlahla zomhlobiso wesimbali nezinye izimbali eziningi ezihlobisa ingadi.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokukhulisa izithombo ezinempilo nezinamandla. Eziningi zazo zilula. Awudingi imishini ekhethekile, izimo ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sekuhlolwe iminyaka ihlolwa. Ngenxa yabo, ungatshala izithombo zezimbali nemifino.
Ungayilungiselela kanjani imbewu yokutshala
Izinga lezithombo lincike ezintweni zokutshala. Ukuze ukhule izithombo ezinhle, udinga ukukhetha imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ilungiselelwe ukuhluma. Kubalulekile futhi ukubalungiselela ubunzima bokuqala - ushintsho lokushisa, izifo, ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane. Inqubo yenziwa ngasikhathi sinye. Okokuqala, kulungiswa isixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate, kufakwa i-boric acid encane lapho, bese kubekwa imbewu yezitshalo zaminyaka yonke lapho. Isikhathi sokuqala imbewu sofakwe egumbini lamahora ayi-10-12. Ngemuva kwalokho zihlelwe kabusha esiqandisini amahora angu-12. Inqubo iyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho imbewu ibamba.
Izithombo zezitshalo eziningi zaminyaka yonke, ezinemisebe eningi kanye nezitshalo zasendle zikhula kancane, ngakho-ke, ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezimbali ezithile kufanele kuqalwe ebusika. NgoFebhuwari, izithombo zikapuni, i-viola, i-salvia ziyatshalwa. NgoMashi, ama-primroses, ama-aster, ama-phloxes, ama-dahlias, ama-clove, izitshalo zikawoyela we-castor ziyahlwanyelwa. Futhi ngo-Ephreli, ungatshala izithombo zezimbali ezikhula kahle futhi zihlume - i-ageratum, ama-marigolds, ama-Iberis, zinnia.
Amandla ezithombo
Okubaluleke kakhulu lapho kukhula izithombo izitsha. Kunemigomo ethile yokukhetha isitsha sezithombo. Ngesibalo esikhulu sembewu, kungcono ukuthatha amabhokisi enkuni. Kufanele zibe nezindawo ezikhiphekayo ezingasuswayo, izinhlaka eziningana ezenziwe ekhaya. Ukuphakama kwebhokisi elinjalo akufanele kudlule amasentimitha ayi-5. Amabhokisi enezithombo agcina isikhala futhi kulula ukuthwala. Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo kuzoba lula. Kodwa-ke, kunzima kakhulu ukukhipha izithombo ebhokisini ngaphandle kokulimaza uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo. Ibhokisi ngokwalo lisinda, futhi nomhlaba kuba sekuthululwa.
Abalimi abaningi bakhulisa izithombo ezitsheni ezithuthukisiwe. Isibonelo, kumabhodwe avuzayo, izitsha ezindala, amathini wamathini. Le ndlela ayifanele abalimi abasaqala. Okokuqala, umhlaba akufanele uhlangane nensimbi. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni acidization enhlabathini kanye nokuqina kwamanzi. Okwesibili, kuzokuphazamisa ukungena emanzini amahlumela amancane.
Kulula kakhulu ukumila imbewu emabhokisini amakhadibhodi aphansi. Izikhwama zobisi ziphelele. Okokuqala udinga ukwenza izimbobo ezincane ezansi kwebhokisi, ukuze amanzi akwazi ukuphuma. Ezitsheni ezinjalo, abantu abaningi batshala izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile. Kungcono ukungakwenzi. Iphakheji liqukethe hhayi amakhadibhodi kuphela, kodwa futhi foil, polyethylene. Uma amakhadibhodi encibilika kalula emhlabathini, khona-ke kuzothatha okuphakade ukuhlakaza ezinye izinto zebhokisi. Kungani uvale umhlaba futhi ulimaze imvelo?
Njengeziqukathi zezithombo, ungasebenzisa izinsalela zamapayipi we-polyethylene. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha amapayipi angenasidingo onesilinganiso esingamasentimitha ayisithupha. Zinqunywe ku-8-10 cm, zibekwe zibheke phezulu, zigcwalisa ngomhlaba, futhi zihlwanyele imbewu. Lapho izithombo sezikulungele, ziyayikhipha ngapayipi bese ziyithumela emhlabathini kanye nenhlabathi.
Izithombo zingatshalwa ezimbizeni. Usebenzisa amabhodwe, ungakwenza ngaphandle kokukhetha izithombo. Kwanele ukuzidlulisela emhlabathini ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. Ngenxa yale ndlela, izimpande ezincane nezincane zamahlumela ngeke zesabe ukubola kwezimpande. Kepha ukubeka amabhodwe kufasitela kuzothatha isikhala esiningi. Lokhu kuyaphazamisa kakhulu.
Kepha kungcono ukusebenzisa iziqukathi ze-peat ezithengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile zezimbali. Akubizi, kufinyeleleka kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazosiza ukonga isikhathi, futhi benze impilo ibe lula kubalimi abasaqala. Kukhona neziqukathi zekhompyutha zepulasitiki ezingasetshenziswa kabusha. Ukuzisebenzisa kulula kakhulu.
Abalimi abaningi abamangazayo balingana nezinkomishi zepulasitiki. Le ndlela ayifaneleki kuphela, kodwa futhi iyabiza. Kungcono ukutshala imbewu ezitsheni ezisebenzisekayo, bese ugxibha ungene ezinkomweni zepuniat. Lokhu kuzonga isikhathi, ukuqeda ukukhetha okungaphezulu, uthole inani elifanele lezithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yale ndlela, ungalawula usayizi wezithombo.
Amadivayisi afakwe kuhlu wokutshala izithombo asiza ukugcina ubuqotho bohlelo lwezimpande lapho kutshalwa izithombo zezimbali. Lapho usebenzisa noma isiphi isitsha sezithombo ezikhulayo, kufanele sibulawe amagciwane - sikhafulwe ngamanzi abilayo noma sibambe isitsha ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate.
Umhlaba wezithombo
Ikusasa lezimbali lincike kwikhwalithi yomhlaba yezithombo, ongazithenga esitolo noma uzipheke. Ngokuthenga inhlabathi yonke yezitshalo esitolo sezimbali, ungonga isikhathi. Njengoba usulungiselele ingxube yomhlaba ngezandla zakho, ngeke kube nokungabaza ngekhwalithi yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela izokubiza kancane. Kunoma ikuphi, ukuze kukhule isivuno esihle, esinamandla sokutshala, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela umhlabathi omuhle. Isitshalo ngasinye sinezidingo zaso zokwakheka kwenhlabathi.
Umhlaba wokutshala kumele ube musha. Inhlabathi lapho ezinye izitshalo zisetshenziselwa ukutshala ayifanele izithombo ezikhulayo. Ingxube yenhlabathi akufanele ibe nezinsalela zezitshalo, inqwaba yesikhunta, imbewu yokhula, amagciwane, izibungu, izibungu. Bangacekela phansi isitshalo esincane. Umhlaba kumele ube nokudla futhi uvunyelwe. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ivundile, ibe nezakhi ezidingekayo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesitshalo, ukwakheka komhlaba kukhethwe ngakunye. Ukwakheka kwengxube yobumba ethandwa kakhulu kufaka phakathi ingxenye eyodwa yomhlaba we-turf, enye ingxenye yesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezintathu z peat. Uma ungagcini ukulinganiselwa, ikhwalithi yezithombo izoba ephansi. Isihlabathi samalahle, okumele sibekwe ezansi ethangini, singasetshenziswa njengamanzi akhanyayo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesilimo esitshaliwe, ezinye izingxenye zengezwa engxenyeni yobumba.
Ukukhetha indawo yezithombo
Lapho kukhula izithombo zezitshalo eziqhakazayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imbewu kufanele imiliselwe ebumnyameni. Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu, iziqukathi ezinezithombo zibekwa endaweni emnyama. Kepha lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, iziqukathi ezinezithombo ziyahlelwa kabusha zikhanye. Kuzoba nokukhanya okuncane kwemvelo ngasekupheleni kobusika - intwasahlobo yokuqala. Ukulungisa lokhu, kuyadingeka ukukhanyisela izithombo ngamalambu we-fluorescent. Izibani zemini zikhanyiswa ngezikhathi zasemini. Lokhu kuzosiza izithombo ezincane ukuba zilondoloze ukulinganisela kosuku nobusuku. Indawo ekahle yokukhulisa izithombo ipuleti elincane. Ingatholakala esitolo sezimbali. Kepha kukhona ukubuyisa okukodwa ekusetshenzisweni kwayo - kuthatha isikhala esiningi. Amathuluzi atholakalayo azolungisa lesi simo. Isitsha esinezithombo zesikhathi esizayo simbozwe ngengilazi. Ngemuva kokuhluma kwembewu, indawo ebamba ukushisa ekhethekile yakhiwe ngokudonsa ucezwana lwe-polyethylene phakathi kwezicucu ezimbili zentambo.
Ukunisela nomanyolo
Ngemuva kokutshala imbewu enhlabathini enomswakama, ayinkcenkceshelwa. Mane uminyanise umhlaba ngesibhamu sokufafaza. Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala aluhlaza, aqala ukuniselwa ngesisombululo esipinki esimpunga se-potanganum permanganate. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane. Izithombo zidinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela. Ukuswakama ngokweqile kanye nokudangala kwamanzi kuzonciphisa ikhwalithi yezithombo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala amahlumela aluhlaza emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele ondliwe kathathu. Umanyolo ulungiswa ngesandla. Kokondla kokuqala, ukumfakwa kwe-mullein namanzi kufanelekile (isilinganiso 1:20). Umanyolo Olungiselelwe usuthise izithombo eziyi-10. Okondla okwesibili nokwesithathu, i-1.5 g ye-potassium sodium, i-nitrate ne-3 g ye-superphosphate iyancibilika 1 litre lamanzi. Le izithombo ziphathwa izithombo ezi-5. Izincomo ezinjalo zikhona emhlabeni wonke, kepha kufanele ucabangele izici zesitshalo ohlose ukusikhulisa.
Uma ukhulisa izithombo ngale ndlela engenhla, ivumelanisa kahle nempilo yezimbali ezimele neyabantu abadala. Esikhathini esiningi, izithombo zinesistimu enezimpande eyakhiwe kahle, kukhiwa amaqabunga angaba ngu-10 aluhlaza nanempilo esihlahleni ngasinye.
