Izinhlobonhlobo zezimbali zanamuhla zimelelwa ngamaqembu amaningi, futhi kuzo ngazinye zazo kunezitshalo ezingavamile. Kunjalo emndenini weMarenov ingadiya - imbali enobuhle obukhulu nobumnene. Abalimi abaningi bezimbali abakwazi ukukhohlwa ubuhle baso, futhi kuyaqondakala lokhu, uma inhlamvu yamahlamvu okuhlobisa eluhlaza ihlotshaniswa kahle nezimbali ezimbala zohlobo olumhlophe.
IGardenia imelwe kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu ye-Afrika, China neNdiya. Uhlobo lwalesi sitshalo luningi kakhulu futhi luhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250. Iningi lazo lisendle ngaphandle kwe-jasmine gardenia, ekwazi ukuguqula isitshalo esitshaliwe. Noma kunjalo, ukukhulisa lokhu okuhlukahlukene endlini, kufanele kunakekelwe ngokucophelela.
Incazelo
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sitshalo sihlaba umxhwele ngosayizi waso omuhle kakhulu, ngoba singafinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-2. Izinhlobo ezinhle ezinesizotha ezikhulile ngaphakathi endlini, imvamisa zilinganiselwe ekuphakameni ngamasentimitha angama-50. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ingadi ingathathelwa indawo njenge-rose efanelekile, ngoba inephunga eliseduze kakhulu nokubukeka kwayo.
I-Gardenia jasmine ingahlotshiswa kuphela ngezimbali noma izimbali ezizodwa ezethulwe ngendlela ye-inflorescence. Lo mehluko unqunywa yizinhlobo ezithile.
Isithakazelo esikhulu kubatshali bezitshalo yi-jasmine gardenia, ngoba izimbali zayo zihlanganisa isikhathi eside kakhulu: izimbali zokuqala ziyaqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo futhi zibuna ngo-Okthoba kuphela. Abaningi ozibonele mathupha lesi sitshalo waphawula ukufana kwazo okuqinile njenge-rose. Ngakho-ke, ingadi yangaphakathi endlini izokulunga kakhulu. Ngosizo lwayo ungakha umoya oqabulayo futhi omuhle, futhi futhi uzokwanelisa umoya ngephunga elimnandi.
Ngenxa yokuba khona kwalezi zinto ezihlotshisiwe zokuhlobisa engadini, kutholile nokusatshalaliswa ezingadini emazweni anesimo sezulu esishisayo. Ezindaweni gIzimo zezinto azithambile kangako, zikhula ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphakathi nangokubamba ukushisa. Futhi yize isimo sezulu sibeka imingcele, lapha ungathokozela izimbali ze-jasmine ezimise jasmine.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Esimweni semvelo, ingadi ayinciphisi ezimweni ezikhulayo. Kodwa-ke, indlela ehluke ngokuphelele kuyo kufanele ibe lapho ikhula indlu, lapho idinga khona ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi. Okokuqala udinga ukunakekela ukudala izibani ezinhle unyaka wonke. Kepha ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa, kumele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaholela ekushisweni kwamaqabunga. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo efanelekile yokukhula egumbini. Kunconywa ukuyibeka kufasitela elisogwini olusentshonalanga noma eningizimu.
Ukunisela nomswakama
U-Gardenia jasmine uzozizwa ekhululekile uma enikezwe umswakama ophezulu futhi ofanayo. Lokhu kungafezeka uma imbiza yezimbali igcinwa kwipallet egcwele ubumba olumanzi olumanzi. Izindlela ezisebenzayo ukufafaza njalo nezihlambi ezifudumele. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama awutholi izimbali, ngaphandle kwalokho amabala azovela kuwo. Ngesikhathi senqubo enjalo, kuyalulekwa ukuvikela inhlabathi emanzini.
- Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa elifanele lokukhulisa ingadi lifana ne-jasmine-like, izinga lokushisa lingama-degree angama-20-25, kanti ebusika - ngu-10-15. Ebusika, ingadi ikhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezipholile ukuze ukungakhanyi kukhanya kungabi nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwayo. Kuyasiza ukufeza umoya omncane owenziwayo ukuvikela izinga lokushisa lingakhuphuki. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokwenza inqubo efanayo, kunconywa ukuthi imbali idluliselwe egumbini elingumakhelwane. Okwenziwa engadini, okusalungiswa kuyingozi enkulu, ngoba lokhu kungadala ukuwa kwezimbali;
- unyaka wonke udinga ukugcina inhlabathi inomswakama. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele isilinganiso, ungavumeli ukumiswa komswakama. Ukunisela okungaphezulu kunconyelwa ukuze usawoti ufinyelele ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ebusika, ukunakekelwa engadini kudinga ukunisela ukunisela okungenani, kunengqondo ukukwenza kuphela uma kunezimpawu zokuphuma. Amanzi afudumele endaweni yokushisa yegumbi afaneleka kakhulu kulezi zinhloso. Lapho kukhula ingadi ekhaya ezifundeni ezihlanzekile nemvelo, amanzi ompompi angathathelwa indawo yimvula ancibilike;
- ngokuya ngezincomo zabalimi abanolwazi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amanzi kasawoti phakathi kwako konke ukunisela okungu-2-3. Ilungiselelwe ngokuxubha kwilitha elilodwa lamanzi ama-3 wejusi kalamula. Ngokuhlinzeka ngengadi ngamanzi anjalo, ingathola kangcono izakhi zomhlabathi ezivela enhlabathini. Ngohulumeni okhethwe ngokungalungile wokunisela, kukhona ithuba lesifo sohlelo lwempande.
Ukufakelwa kanye nokufakelwa
Esigabeni sokulungiselela ukutshala ingadi, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ene-acidic. Ukwakheka okunjalo kumlungele kakhulu, ngoba kuvumela inikeze ngezinto ezilusizo. Uma kungenzeki ukulungiselela inhlabathi enjalo ngokwakho, ungaxhumana nesitolo esikhethekile uthenge ingxube yezitshalo ze-acid lapho.
Uma ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngamanzi alukhuni, khona-ke ukuze kugcinwe izinga elidingekayo le-acidity yenhlabathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi njalo ku-acidite amanzi. Izimbali zalo mndeni zizizwa zizinhle kakhulu emhlabathini, lapho umswakama udonswa khona ngokushesha futhi ubanjwe isikhathi eside.
Izakhiwo ezinjalo zenhlabathi zinganikezwa ngokungeza izingxenye ezilandelayo kukho:
- isihlabathi;
- isisekelo;
- i-sphagnum, nayo enika umhlabathi inhlabathi.
Ukunquma isikhathi esivumayo sokufakelwa kwegadi ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele usayizi wembali nokuba khona kwendawo yamahhala ebhodweni wohlelo lwezimpande. Ukufakelwa ngokwako kwenziwa ngokudlulisela i-coma yobumba esitsheni esikhudlwanangaphambi kokuba uwagcwalise ngokwakhiwa kwenhlabathi efanelekile. Izinhlobo zabantu abadala kumele zitshalwe kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile zeminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine.
Yondla nokuthena ingadi
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kunikeza ukondla, lapho isitshalo sisabela kahle. Umanyolo usetshenziswa kangcono ezigabeni ezisebenzayo kakhulu zokukhula kwegadi, ngakho-ke lokhu kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Imvamisa, ukugqoka okuphezulu kubekwa esikhathini lapho izinsuku ezingama-30-60 sezidlulile ngemuva kokufakelwa noma ukutshala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi ezitshalweni ezisanda kuthengwa esitolo ezisele ngaphandle komanyolo ngesikhathi sokukhula sokuqala. Inhlabathi esitsheni igcwele izakhi ezanele. Imvamisa, ukugqoka okungaphezulu kwenzelwa kusetshenziswa izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-acid ezenzelwe ukukhiqiza i-azaleas.
Umthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kwe-jasmine gardenia unikezwa ngokugqoka okuphezulu kwefoliar. Kungaba yisisombululo ngamanyolo angenamaminerali. Ebusika, ungasebenzisa isidakamizwa i-Magnesium Sulfate noma i-Iron Chelate. Zisetshenziswa ngendlela engenamqondo.. Kodwa-ke, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuzoba kungasebenzi ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okunekhono nangesikhathi esifanele. Ngakho-ke, kuso sonke isikhathi sokukhula, kuyadingeka ukuba kulondolozwe izinga eliphezulu le-acidity yomhlabathi, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaba nokubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni, kanye nezinkinga zokuqhakaza.
Izihlahla
Lapho kukhula ingadi ye-jasmine ekhaya, ukuthena kufanele kwenziwe njalo. Inhloso enkulu eyenzelwe yona ukudala ukubukeka kokuhlobisa. Kungcono ukwakha umqhele ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yezimbali. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi kuzimbali ezisanda kuthengwa, okuthi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila ushiywe unqunyiwe.
Ukuzala
Ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha, izithombo ezisikiwe zivame ukusetshenziswa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu ngemuva kokutshala, ingadi iqala ukuqhakaza hhayi ngendlela eyecasulayo njengasekuqaleni kangangokuba ayinakuqashelwa ngumnikazi. Noma kunjalo futhi kulesi simo, ungathola isisombululo. Ngokusebenzisa ukusika, ungabuyisela impahla elahlekile esihlahleni esidala noma ukhule isitshalo esisha. Kungenzeka ukuvuna ukusika ngemuva kokuba izimbali zokugcina zibune. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukukhetha ngokucophelela amahlumela: amagatsha kudingeka ukuthi anqunywe eziqongweni futhi avuthwe kahle kuphela.
Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu yizona ezisikiwe lapho kukhona khona “isithende” - lokhu kuyisiko ukubiza ucezu lwokhuni oludala. Ungangezelela amathuba okubamba imbumbulu ngokuwuphatha nge-ezikhuthaza ukukhula - Kornevin noma Heteroauxin. Ungatyala izithombo emhlabathini ukuze ubambe noma nini nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka - ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Kodwa-ke, okokuqala kudingekile ukubulala amagciwane amahlumela, lawo adinga ukugcinwa isikhathi esithile kusixazululo se-potanganum permanganate. Ngokulandelayo, ukusikeka kudluliselwa kumugqa ongaphansi olungiselelwe, lapho isihlabathi ne-peat zithathwa ngamanani alinganayo.
Ngemuva kokutshala, ama-cuttings kumele ambozwe ngongembu lweplastiki adluliselwe egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe khona okungenani ngama-25 degrees. Amahlumela kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela ngaso sonke isikhathi.ngokufaka umoya nokugcina inhlabathi inomswakama. Lapho udala izimo ezikahle zama amahlumela, ukhula lwazo lwazo lwenzeka emva kwezinsuku ezingama-30. Okulandelayo kuza umzuzu wokudluliselwa kwabo endaweni ehlala njalo: njengesihlabathi esingaphansi komhlaba sisebenzisa ingxube elungiselelwe ngesisekelo se-peat, umhlaba ohlanganayo nesihlabathi.
Okuqukethwe ebusika
Ebusika, ukunakekela i-jasmine engadini akumele kube ngaphansi kangako ehlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka, udinga ukunikeza ukukhanyisa okwanele, ngoba ngokushoda, imbali ingancipha. Lokhu Inkinga ingaxazululwa uma ugcina ukukhanya okukhulu ngaphakathi endlini kanye nokushisa kwamazinga ayi-10-15. Ezimweni zokukhanya eziphansi, kunconywa ukuthi kukhanyiswe okwenziwe. Umhlabathi akufanele unganakwa, okufanele ugcinwe usesimweni esimanzi esincane.
Izikhathi zokuqhakaza kwezimbali zeGadiia zingahluka, okuthonywa yizinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Ukusheshisa leli phuzu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa izinga lokushisa elizinzile lobusuku, okungafanele liwe ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-16. Izinhlobo eziningi zegadi zimhlophe., okuthi kamuva kushintshe kube ophuzi noma ukhilimu. Iningi lezinhlobo zasengadini azijabulisi kuphela ngezimbali ezinhle, kodwa nephunga elimnandi le-jasmine.
Kodwa-ke, izifo nezinambuzane kungaphazamisa ubumnandi noma kunini. Ingozi enkulu yezingadi imelelwa yizilokazane ezinjenge:
- i-mealybug;
- ama-aphid;
- isihlangu esikalini.
Indlela ephumelelayo yokubhekana nabo ukwelashwa ngezinambuzane.
Izinkinga
Kwezinye izimo, esifundeni sezingadi, kungenzeka izinguquko eziyingozi ezidinga ukuthi umniniyo athathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.
Ukupunga amaqabunga kuwuphawu lwesifo sohlelo lwempande olubangelwa ukungahambi kahle embusweni wokunisela. Uma ingadi iniselwa njalo noma kuyaqabukela, khona-ke lokhu kuthinta kabi uhlelo lwezimpande, futhi ivele emaqabungeni. Imvamisa basabela kulokhu kuphuzi, baphinde bathole namabala ansundu. Kwesinye isikhathi amaqabunga angaguquka aphuzi uma engasebenzi yinsimbi. Kulokhu, inkinga ilula ukuyixazulula - udinga ukusebenzisa umuthi i-Ferovit. Lo manyolo kumele usetshenziswe kuze kube yilapho imbali ibuyiselwa ngokuphelele ngemuva kwesifo.
Isiphetho
Enye yezizathu ezenza abatshali bezitshalo abaningi basebenzise ingadi ye-jasmine ukulima okungaphakathi ukuthi nguyena kuphela omele umndeni wakheokuyisitshalo esitshaliwe. Futhi lokhu akushiwo izakhiwo zokuhlobisa izimbali zakhe ezinazo.
I-florist ngayinye ingabujabulela lobu buhle, ngoba ekunakekelweni kwalokhu okuhlukahlukene kwengadi akubangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Noma kunjalo noma kunjalo imithetho ethile yokunakekelwa kufanele ibonweuma kungenjalo, le ngadi ngeke nje iqhume, kodwa ingabuna endaweni ethile. Futhi, ukwazi ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ingadi ekhaya, ungaqiniseka ukufeza izimbali eziningi zonyaka.
