Uyazi ukuthi i-gerbera ayikhulelwanga ukusikwa kuphela, kodwa futhi njenge -planethi yendlu? Ekwindla, sisuka eHolland sihlinzekelwa izitshalo eziqhakaza zezinhlobonhlobo zemifino. Ngokwesiko, kunezindlela zombili ezingekho kabili futhi eziphindwe kabili ezinama-inflorescences-basiketi afinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu, ovame ukubizwa ngokuthi izimbali. Zinemibala ehlukahlukene kanye nezimbali eziphuzi, eziwolintshi, ezibomvu, ezibomvana nezimhlophe ("amacembe") ezizungeze lesi sikhungo ophuzi. Mayelana nezimpawu zokukhula kwe-gerbera ekhaya, funda le ndatshana.
Gerbera.
Ukuchazwa kwesitshalo
Gerbera (Gerbera) - uhlobo lwamakhambi anaphakade omndeni wama-Astrovia, noma uCompositae (I-Asteraceae) Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezilwane, eziningi zazo ezikhula e-Afrika (ngokuyinhloko eSouth Africa naseMadagascar), ezinye izinhlobo ziyatholakala nase-Asia esishisayo.
Izimbali zeGerbera ngesimo zifana nezimbali zabamele i-genera Nivyanik, Osteospermum nezinye "daisies"; umbala wezimbali ze-gerbera ungaba yilutho oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
AmaGerberas atshalwe kuwo wonke umhlaba (kufaka phakathi ezingadini zokugcina izithombo) njengezimbali zomhlobiso ogelezayo - ngokuyinhloko ukusika, kanye nezitshalo zasengadini, kwesinye isikhathi njengezitshalo zasendlini.
Ukunakekelwa kweGerbera
Indawo
Izimbali zincike kubude bemini, ngakho-ke isitshalo sivame ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti bese siqhakaza kuze kube nguNovemba. IGerbera isitshalo esithatha izithombe eziningi, sikhula kahle endaweni enelanga noma ekukhanyiseni okukhanya okukhanyayo.
Izinga lokushisa lilingana, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - + 16 ... + 20 ° C. Ehlobo, izitshalo ziwusizo ukuthatha kuvulandi noma zingene kahle egumbini. Ebusika, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuze kube nguFebhuwari, i-gerbera igcinwa emazingeni okushisa ka + 12 ... + 14 ° C.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Ukunisela ama-gerberas kufanele kube maningi, kepha hhayi ngokweqile. Phakathi kokunisela, udaka oludinga ukuvunyelwa ukoma kancane. Ukuchelela ngokweqile kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zokukhunta. Umswakama ulungile. Kuyasiza ukufafaza amaqabunga ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, i-gerbera idliswa ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali (akukho ndaba e-organic) njalo emavikini amathathu.
Ukufakelwa
AmaGerberas atshalwa njengoba kudingeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Inhlabathi - umhlaba wamashidi, u-peat, isihlabathi noma i-sphagnum (2: 1: 1). Ungalokothi ufake umquba noma i-humus entsha enhlabathini.
Gerbera.
Ukuzalela kweGerbera
IGerbera isatshalaliswa entwasahlobo - ngembewu ekushisa kwe + 18 ... + 20 ° C, ukwahlukaniswa kwesihlahla nokusikwa.
IGerbera ayivelakancane ukusatshalaliswa yimbewu (ngasikhathi sinye ukusakazeka okukhulu kwezinhlamvu), kungcono ukukwenza lokhu ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
IGerbera ihlukaniswe entwasahlobo ineminyaka engama-3-4, ishiya amaphuzu wokukhula angama-2-2 kwisabelo ngasinye; kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-10 kuya kwe-11 ukususa uqhekeko ngaphambi kokuba luqhume.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-gerbera yezithombo kwenziwa ngaphakathi entwasahlobo. Isendlalelo esihle kunazo zonke isoddy, inhlabathi enamaqabunga kanye ne-humus ngokulingana (2: 1: 1) ngokuhlanganiswa kwesihlabathi. Izithombo zeGerbera ziyantshontsha okokuqala esigabeni samaqabunga wangempela angama-2-3 emabhokisini, bese okwesibili (enamaqabunga angama-4-5 wangempela) ezimbizeni ngazinye. Ukusuka ekuhlwanyeleni imbewu ye-gerbera kuya kwezithombo eziqhakazayo ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-10-11; izitshalo ezincane ziyaqhakaza izinyanga ezingama-3-4.
Ubunzima obungaba khona bokukhula kwama-gerberas
IGerbera ilahlekelwa ukukhanya kwamahlamvu. Isizathu ukungaphezu kokukhanya. Isitshalo sidinga ukubiliswa elangeni eliqondile emahoreni aphakathi nantathu kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla.
Izifo zokukhunta avele ku-gerbera ngenxa yokungena umoya omncane, okuhambisana nokwenyuka komswakama.
Uma isitshalo saqala ukuguquka, welule futhi ulahlekelwe ukubukeka ayenakho lapho uthenga, lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi i-gerbera ayinakho ukukhanya okwanele, kodwa futhi nokuthi kunenqubo yokuzivumelanisa nezimo zasekamelweni.
Ukuzitika ngokweqile kuyingozi kakhulu ku-gerbera, ngakho-ke ukuthambisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphumula kokuqukethwe okupholile.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-gerbera i-Photophilous, ehlobo, phakathi nesikhathi sokushisa sasemini esishisa kakhulu, kungcono ukukhipha imbiza efasiteleni noma ukuyihlobisa ngendwangu ekhanyayo (indwangu emhlophe engeyona eyokweluka, inethi yomiyane), Izimbali zeGerbera elangeni elikhanyayo zilahlekelwa ukukhanya kwazo futhi ziphele.
IGerbera ayibekezeleli i-acidization yenhlabathi, ukugcwala kwamanzi ngokweqile. Umhlaba kufanele uniselwe ngokulinganayo kuphela uma womile. UGerbera uthanda izimpande zakhe ukuphefumula, ngakho-ke ngaphezu kwesihlabathi, kungcono ukwengeza amagxolo kaphayini noma ubumba oluncane olwandisiwe emhlabathini.
Ama-Gerberas athengiswa ezitolo ngokuvamile akhula esebenzisa okubizwa ngama-retardants - amakhemikhali athintela ukukhula kwezitshalo.
Ama-retardants abangela ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-chlorophyll emaqabungeni, futhi athola umbala omnyama oluhlaza. Ngakho-ke, okuvame ukuthengwa ngama-gerberas ekhaya ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile kuphuzi, qala ukwelula bese ulahlekelwe ukubukeka kwawo kwangempela. Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nakho konke ukukhanyisa kanye nezidingo zokushisa ukuze lesi sitshalo sibe ngokoqobo. Futhi emva kweminyaka emibili, iphindaphinda kabusha ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Gerbera.
Izinambuzane nezifo zeGerbera
IGerbera isengcupheni yezifo ezahlukahlukene zokukhunta (i-powdery hlobo, i-grey bola), ezivuswa ngumswakama owengeziwe kanye nomoya omncane wokuphefumula. Ezikhungweni zegciwane le-gerbera, imikhaza, ama-whiteflies, aphid kanye nezinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikali kungalimaza.
IGerberas izimbali ezinhle ezizokujabulisa ngezimbali zazo isikhathi eside. Akuzona ezimnandi kakhulu, kodwa kakhulu, zokuhlobisa kakhulu. Uke wazama yini ukukhulisa ama-gerberas ezimweni zasekamelweni? Yabelana ngesipiliyoni sakho kumazwana aku-athikili noma kuForamu yethu.
