Izitshalo ezinkulu zasendlini zithandwa kakhulu namuhla. I-shrub eyodwa enhle ingathatha isikhundla sezinkanyezi ezinotshani obuningi, futhi ithonya le-silhouette elivezayo elingaphakathi kwekamelo alinakukhinyabezwa. Ukugcina ukuhlobisa kwawo unyaka wonke, izihlahla zasendlini nezihlahlana kuyaziswa ngokusebenza kwazo okuhlukahlukene. Enye yezitshalo enanoma isiphi isici esihle - kusuka emagqeni kuya emagxolo, okuqhakaza nezithelo - ngumqhathi oqinile ngokumangazayo. Yehlisa umoya futhi inesizotha ngokwemvelo, kodwa hhayi ngokubukeka, ifanelwe kakhulu ukunakwa.
I-Akokanthera iyajabulisa, noma i-Longleaf (Acokanthera oblongifolia, ehlobene ne-Acokanthera spectabilis).
I-Akokanter - ubuhle kuyo yonke imininingwane
Ama-acocanters angabamele umndeni wakwaKutrov (Apocynaceae), yize kunzima ukuqagela ubudlelwano nama-periwinkles ngokuya ngokubukeka kwesitshalo kanye nendlela yokukhula ngayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-acocanters ayizihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza okwenele ngokwanele, ezingabonisi kuphela ngamahlamvu anethezekile, kepha futhi ziqhakaza kahle futhi zithele izithelo.
Emvelweni, ama-acocanters awatholakali kakhulu e-Afrika, engenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezimbali zasendaweni.
Igama Lakhe acocanters (Acokanthera) etholwe kusuka esiGrekini "point anther". Emhlabeni wonke, lesi sitshalo esinobuthi saziwa ngokuthi ubuthi beBushman noma isihlahla esinoshevu, yize izithelo zasebusika emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi zaholela ekuqhamukeni kwelinye igama - ubumnandi bebusika.
I-Akokanter iyajabulisa, noma i-Longleaf (Acokanthera oblongifolia, amagama athi - Acokanthera spectabilis) okuwukuphela kohlobo lwe-acocanter olusetshenziswa kwezimbali zasendlini. Futhi emasikweni engadi emazweni anomoya ofudumele, kunzima ukuqamba uhlobo lomelele lwalezi zihlahlana, ngoba zonke izinhlobo ezinhlanu ze-acocanter ziyizitshalo ezingandile.
Namuhla emabhalweni ezincwadi ngezinye izikhathi ungathola ukuthi akunawo amahlamvu amade, kepha omunye umqambi - ubuthi (Acokanthera Oppitifolia), okunzima kakhulu ukuyihlukanisa kwabanye (kuphela ngesimo esiyindilinga samahlamvu).
Izimbali eziqhakaza izimbali.
Ngabe ubukeka kanjani umuntu ongenacala?
Ama-acocanters ayizihlahla zikanokusho ezihlala zinethezekile lapho noma isiphi isici ukusuka emagqeni kuya kuzithelo singadala ukuthandwa. Lezi yizitshalo ezinamacembe, zikanokusho ezine-silhouette emnandi yamagatsha ebukeka njengeziqalo ezincane eziphilayo futhi zakhiwe kahle.
Ukuphakama kwe-acocanter yangaphakathi ngqo kuya ngokuthi isitshalo sinqunywa kanjani nokuthi ngabe kuvimbela ukukhula kwaso. Uma kungekho wokuthena, i-accerer izodlula kalula i-1 m, kepha ngesikhathi sokuklama ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ama-acocanters akhula ngokushesha ngokwanele, kepha ijubane lokukhula kwawo lingalawulwa. Amahlumela amancanyana kakhulu, aluhlaza, noma esemncane kakhulu, abonakala ezintekenteke ngokumangazayo.
Amaqabunga e-acocanterae alula, aphambene, anamafushane, amakhulu, anqanda okuyi-ovate ngesihloko esikhombe. Bafinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-12, bamangala benendawo enhle enesikhumba enobukhazikhazi obukhanyayo ne-cirrus, indawo evamile yokuma. Amaqabunga ahlelwe kuma-amahlumela ngokulandelana okuqinile, adala umhlobiso ocishe ube ophelele kanye nemigqa. Ngokuphambene nesizinda sezimbali ezinhle kakhulu ngombala oluhlaza ogqamile, ophakathi nendawo, izimbali zibonakala zimangalisa kakhulu.
Ama-tassels amakhulu ama-axillary we-inflorescence, abonakala elele phezu kwemicamelo yamaqabunga aqine, abukeka njengomsebenzi ophilayo wobuciko. Ngaphandle kokukhulu kwama-inflorescence, imbali ngayinye ibonakala kuzo - ezincane, kodwa zikanokusho, ezinamaphawu akhonjwe kahle, amhlophe qhwa, aneshubhu elibomvu elibomvu. Iphunga elimnandi nelingathandeki ngokungathi lithuthukisa ubuhle bezimbali.
Isikhathi sezimbali zabacocanters ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile ziqala maphakathi nobusika futhi zihlala okungenani amaviki ama-3, kepha imvamisa ezindlini ziqhakaza izinyanga ezimbalwa bese zijabulisa igagasi lesibili ngemuva kwekhefu elifushane. Ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, zivame ukuqhakaza zilindele ubusika, zithokoziswe izimbali zazo ezinde zezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu ngekhefu lamasonto ambalwa.
Njengezihlahlana eziningi zase-Afrika, i-acocanter iyakwazi ukujabulisa ngesikhathi samaholide wasebusika. Kusukela ngoNovemba kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMashi, umucu wokukhanya kwakhe we-inflorescence ukhumbula izimangaliso ezincane zobusika.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, isitshalo akagcini nje ngokulahlekelwa umphumela waso wokuhlobisa, kodwa futhi siyamangaza ngobuhle bezithelo. Phakathi kwe-acocanter kunezinhlobo zombili ezidinga impova yokuwela-impova, kanye nezinhlobo zokuzenzisa impova, kepha emabhalweni ethu zibhekwa njengeziyisiqalo.
Ukufeza i-acocanteri yegumbi le-fruiting, kuzodingeka uzinakekele ungcoliseko lwakho. Okukhulu, kuyi-inky, ngesithombe esihle, izithelo zihlobisa amagatsha ngamaqoqo futhi kubukeka njengomgexo wangempela.
Ngaphandle, izithelo ze-acocanters zifana kakhulu neminqumo. Ubuthi besitshalo sonke abusona isithelo, yize kungcono ukungazidli ngenxa yezimpawu eziqinile zenhliziyo.
Izithelo zingama-acocanters.
Izimo zokukhula acocanter yangaphakathi
Isithunzi se-Akokanter asifani nesimilo sakhe. Ezilimeni eziqhakazayo zomdabu zase-Afrika, lesi esinye esifunwa okungenani isondlo. I-thermophilic acocanter "incike" kuphela ekujuleni kokukhanya futhi iyakwazi ukuqhakaza noma ngaphandle kobusika obubandayo. Zizwa kukuhle kuma-sill e-windows, kepha ukukhanyisa emuva kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ezinye izinketho zokuhlala.
Lapho kukhula ama-acocanters, kufanelekile ukubheka ubuthi bayo. Lesi sitshalo asifanele wonke umuntu, ngoba ingozi yokuxhumana nejusi egcotshwe izimpande, amahlumela kanye namaqabunga idinga ukuqaphela kulabo abanezilwane ezifuywayo nezingane ezincane.
Ukukhanyisa nokubekwa
Abasebenza nge-Acocanters, njengabesifazane abaningi baseNingizimu Afrika abakhula ezindlini, bafuna amandla amancane. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okukhanyayo, okujwayelekile, esikhundleni samafasitela pan panic, kudinga amahora amaningi ukukhanya kwelanga ngosuku.
Ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngemithi akukhona okwamukelekayo kuphela, kodwa futhi kukuvumela ukuthi ukhule isitshalo kude nefasitela, kuyinto efiseleka kakhulu ebusika. Kuliqiniso, ungakwenza ngaphandle kwawo, unciphise isikhathi sakho ukuze uhlele kabusha isitshalo ezindaweni ezigqamile. Ngisho nasethunzini elingatheni, ama-acocanters alahlekelwa amandla awo okuqhakaza, kepha amaqabunga agcina umhlobiso ekujuleni okuqinile, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi ama-acocanters asekhulile ukuhlobisa ukujula kwezangaphakathi ngezigqebhezana ezinkulu.
Lapho ubeka ama-acocanters, kufanelekile ukukhetha ama-sill asempumalanga noma asentshonalanga. Emafasiteleni aseningizimu, lesi sitshalo singashintshelwa engaphakathi, sigxile kwizimpawu zaso mayelana nokuthi ukukhanyisa kuhamba kahle ukukhula okujwayelekile nentuthuko.
Ukushisa nomoya omncane
U-Akokanthera uthanda indawo ezinzile efudumele. Lesi sitshalo asenzi kahle emazingeni okushisa aphansi nakancane ekushiseni. Ukuhlobisa okukhulu kakhulu kusuka kuma-acocanters kungatholakala uma isitshalo sitholakala unyaka wonke egumbini elinamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-20 degrees Celsius - kusuka okungenani ku-18 kuye kuma-25 degrees.
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukufihla futhi siqhume emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kepha asivunyelwe ukuwela ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayi-15. Uma kungekho amathuba okwehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-15-18 degrees, i-acocanter ingabekezelela ubusika obufudumele (irejimeni enjalo yokulondolozwa ngeke ithinte izimbali, inqobo nje uma ukukhanya okuphezulu nomswakama ophezulu).
Ehlobo, i-acocanterus ingasetshenziswa njengomhlobiso wensimu noma i-balcony. Lesi sitshalo sizizwa sinomoya omuhle futhi sidinga ukungena komoya njalo. I-Akokanteru ivikelekile kokusalungiswa okusebenzayo nezinguquko zamazinga okushisa kuwo womabili amakamelo nasengadini.
Ukukhuthazela kwe-akokanter kuvumela ukwenza amaphutha ngokunisela.
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-acocanter
Umzuzu kuphela onzima ekunakekelweni kwe-acocanter yisidingo sokuvimbela ukomisa okuphelele kwe-substrate. Ukukhuthazela kwesitshalo kukuvumela ukuba wenze amaphutha ngokunisela, kepha ukuntuleka kwe-acocanter ngeke kubathethelele. Futhi umoya owomile akuyona inketho enhle kakhulu kuye. Lokhu okusele kungamapulasitiki ngokumangazayo futhi kufanelekile ngisho nakubalimi abangenalwazi, isitshalo esizokujabulela ukuqhakaza ngokuqhakaza ngokunakekelwa okuvamile njalo.
Ukunisela nomswakama
Izinkomba zomswakama ozinzile ze-substrate, ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukweqisa, ukuvama, ukuthambisa okufanayo ehlobo futhi okuvame kakhulu ebusika - leli isu elihle kakhulu lokukhetha uhlelo lokunisela i-acocanter. Isitshalo singatshalwa ngokwe-hydroponically noma ezitsheni ezinisela ngenkasa okuzenzakalelayo. Imvamisa yezinqubo isethwe, okuvumela ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesigcawu esomile ukuba some. Ukucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi ngokuphelele kwalesi sitshalo akwamukeleki, kepha ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, uma singakhulumi ngokugcotshwa kwamanzi njalo, i-acocanter ngeke ilimaze.
Lesi sitshalo siniselwa kuphela ngamanzi athambile. Lapho sifafaza futhi sinisela, kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphakeme ngamazinga athile okushisa komoya egumbini.
I-Akokanteru yabalwa ukuthi inzima ukutshala izitshalo ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yothando lwayo lomswakama, kodwa iyalingana. Lesi sitshalo sizogcina umphumela waso wokuhlobisa iminyaka eminingi emoyeni owomile, uma ungavumeli ukuphuthelwa ngokunisela. Vele, izimo ezinhle zingakhiwa kuphela uma umswakama womoya ungawi ngaphansi kwama-70%. Umoya omile, ikakhulukazi uma wephula umthetho wokushisa ophakanyisiwe, awusiyo ingozi kuma-acocanters, kepha, uma kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukudala indawo enomswakama ngokuqinile.
Ngalesi shrub, kungakuhle ukufaka umswakama okhiqizwayo noma wobungcweti, kepha ngenxa yamaqabunga amakhulu isitshalo singaneliseka ngokufafaza okulula. Ama-acocanters ahlala asusa uthuli emaqabunga ngesiponji esimanzi.
Ukufakwa nokufakwa komanyolo
Kulesi siko, ukugqoka okujwayelekile kufanelekile. Uma ufaka umanyolo kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla kanye nokuvama kanye emavikini amabili, lesi sitshalo ngeke sintule izakhi zomzimba, kepha kungcono ukufaka umanyolo unyaka wonke, sinqande imvamisa noma ukuhlangana komanyolo ebusika. Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali, umthamo onconywe ngumenzi emiyalweni kumele ubhekwe ngqo, ngaphandle kokunciphisa noma ukwanda.
Umanyolo we-Universal ulungele ama-acocanters. Uma kungenzeka ukhethe umanyolo okhethekile wezimpahla zasendlini ezinezithelo, khona-ke zingamiselela ukugqoka okujwayelekile okuphezulu.
Ukugoqa nokubopha
Ama-acocanters asendlini kungenzeka angabi yizitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, kepha alula sonke isikhathi futhi alahlekelwa yinkambiso yawo nobudala. Ukuthena kwenziwa, kushiya okungenani amahlumela amabili amahlumela. Ukuze uthole izihlahla eziqinile, kungcono ukhethe ukungancishiswa kweziqongo zamahlumela nokuvuselelwa njalo kwentwasahlobo ngokususwa kwez amahlumela amadala nokuqina. Kwanele ukusika izitshalo kanye ngonyaka. Ungakwazi ukufeza ukwakheka endleleni oyifunayo.
Transplant kanye substrate
Kuma-acocanters, kungcono ukuhlinzekela ukufakelwa konyaka noma ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2 yezitshalo ezindala (ngokufakwa komhlaba waphezulu ngaphezulu). Uhlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo lukhula ngokushesha, lunamandla amakhulu, ngakho-ke ukushintshanisa isakhi esingaphansi komhlaba namandla ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali kukuvumela ukuthi udale izimo ezizinzile kakhulu ze-shrub. Ukufakelwa kuhlale kudluliswa entwasahlobo.
Kulesi siko, ungasebenzisa i-substrate evulekile futhi enempilo yomhlaba wonke. Izakhi zomhlaba ezikhethekile zezihlahlana nezindlela ezingakhiwe ngamapulangwe zangaphakathi zinhle kuma-acocanters, kepha ungasebenzisa ukuxubana kwenhlabathi okulula. Uma ulungiselela inhlabathi ngokwakho, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyenza ngesisekelo se-turf inhlabathi nge-additives yesihlabathi neshidi lomhlabathi ngokwesilinganiso 3: 1: 1.
Okwe-acocanteri, ukufakelwa ngokuthintana okuncane nezimpande kuyathandwa. Lesi sitshalo siphinde silayishwe kabusha emigqonyeni emisha, sisusa kuphela inhlabathi ehlanganayo, ebhobokayo noma engcolisiwe. Ngaphansi kwamathangi ama-acocanters, ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi lubekwa. Kuma-acocanters, ungasebenzisa umhlobiso wokuhlobisa ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesigcawu.
Izifo, izilokazane nezinkinga ezikhulayo
I-Acocanter ayithinteki kakhulu yizilokazane. Ingozi yamaqabunga amakhulu esitshalo imelelwa kuphela yizibucu zesicabucabu nezinambuzane ezikhulukazi, ezivame ukuthelela lesi sitshalo eduze kwaso komakhelwane abangenampilo. Imvamisa, ukuze ubhekane nale nkinga, kwanele ukugeza amaqabunga ngensipho namanzi bese kwandisa umswakama womoya.
Izinkinga ezivamile kuma-acocanters akhulayo:
- ukweqa kuze kufike kumaviki amabili noma yiluphi ushintsho ezimweni ezikhulayo ngaphakathi kohlaka lokuphendula okujwayelekile kokuguquguqukayo;
- ukuphonsa amaqabunga noma ukomisa ingxenye yamaqabunga emoyeni owomile;
- ukukhula okucindezelwayo noma ukweqiwa isikhathi eside ngentshiseko yomhlabathi engapheli;
- ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza kumithunzi;
- azikho izimpawu zokukhula ngemuva kokuthena ukukhanya okuncane.
Indlela elula yokusakaza i-acocanterium ukusikwa.
Ukuzala acocanteri
Ama-acocanters asendlini atholakala kahle ngokusatshalaliswa ngokuhlaza. Imbewu yezitshalo nayo ingasetshenziswa, kepha le ndlela idinga iminyaka eminingi yokukhula kuze kube ukuqhakaza kokuqala, futhi imbewu yokutshala kumele yenziwe ngokushesha emva kokuqoqwa kwayo.
Izithombo ezisikiwe zingalinganiswa kahle kuma-acocanters ukuthola izitshalo ezintsha. Iziqongo zamahlumela zisikiwe, zikhetha amahlumela aqinile, aqinile anama-2 kuya ku-3 ama-node. Ukuze kube nokubola, sekwanele ukuthi ube nezisiko ubude obungu-6-10 cm. Izimbambo azivame ukuphathwa nge-stimulator yokukhula, ngoba lezi zinqubo azikhuphi amaphesenti we-rooting (alingana no-50% okungenani), kepha kufanele zifakwe emanzini amahora amaningi.
Ama-cutways atshalwe endaweni engaphansi komhlaba wonke, ajule kwi-angle ka-1-2 cm. Ukhula lwenhlanganisela lwenziwa ngokukhanya okukhanyayo futhi ngaphansi kwehod enomoya ojwayelekile, ukuvimba izinga lokushisa lomoya ukuba lingashoni ngaphansi kwama-degree angama-25.
Imbewu ye-acocanter ihlwanyelwa ngemuva kokuvunwa (ngokushesha okukhulu). Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngezinkomishi eziphansi, ezibanzi ezigcwaliswe nge-substrate enomswakama, imbewu ibekwa kude nobude obuyi-2-3 cm ukusuka komunye, bese uyimboza ngesendlalelo esingama-5mm ngaphezulu bese uphinda i-hydration emnene. Ngaphansi kwengilazi noma ifilimu, enomswakama womhlabathi ozinzile futhi emazingeni okushisa angama-25 degrees Celsius, lesi sitshalo sikhombisa izinga lokuhluma eliphezulu impela. Izitshalo ziyantshontsha ngemuva kokukhipha iqabunga lesithathu.
