Ubusika yisikhathi sokulala nokuphumula kuzo zonke izitshalo, kepha abalimi bafundile ukukhohlisa imvelo futhi namuhla bakhulisa imifino ngenkathi ebandayo kuma-sill e-windows. Uma ufuna ukujabulela ukhukhamba oluhlaza nokotshani obusika bonke, udinga ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlwanyela ngezigaba eziningana. Ukuthola izithelo zokukhiqizwa kwethu kwetafula loNyaka oMusha, imbewu kufanele ihlwanyelwe ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Bese kuthi ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari, kuqhamuke isilinganiso sezithelo. Uma uhlwanyela ukhukhamba ekuqaleni kukaDisemba, khona-ke ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari usuvele uvune izithelo zokuqala. NgoMashi 8, iZelentsy otshalwe ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari uzovuthwa.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana namakhukhamba akhulayo
- Ukhukhamba yizitshalo ze-thermophilic. Ababekezeleli ukushisa okwedlulele futhi bathande umswakama. Ukuze kube impumelelo ephumelelayo egumbini, kudingeka badale izimo eduze kwemvelo yemvelo.
- Uhlelo lwezimpande zezitshalo liseduze komphezulu womhlabathi, ngakho-ke, kungakuhle ukumboza ukhukhamba wamabhichi hhayi engadini kuphela, kepha futhi kuvulandi noma ewindini lewindows.
- Lapho uvuna kakhulu kusuka emithini yamakhukhamba, kungcono athele izithelo.
- Ukukhanya kwemini kusengaphambili kokumisa izithelo. Ngokuthola imifino ephelele, lesi sitshalo sidinga amahora angama-10 wokukhanya. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuvula isibani se-fluorescent ngenhla kwezitshalo ukuze zingeluli futhi zingakhuli izithelo ezimise kabi.
Izimfihlo Nezeluleko
Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo bamakhukhamba akhula efasiteleni ebusika buyisayensi elula futhi ngisho nomlimi oseqalayo angayazi kahle. Ukuze ugweme amaphutha abalulekile azokuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesitshalo, kufanele uhambisane nezincomo nezeluleko ezizokutshela: ukuthi ungalima kanjani ukhukhamba ekhaya ebusika futhi uthole isivuno esicebile.
- Umhlabathi wokuhlwanyela imbewu nokutshala izithombo kumele ungabinantengo. Namuhla, phakathi kwabalimi abanolwazi, indlela edumile yokukhulisa imifino kuma-hydroponics. Isebenza kakhulu ngenkathi yasebusika, kepha kumele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela ukuze ingeqi umthamo wamanyolo wamaminerali.
- Lapho uthenga imbewu, udinga ukuxhumana nabathengisi futhi umtshele ukuthi imbewu iyadingeka ukuze kutshalwe ubusika.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, kungakuhle ukuthi ungcoliswe futhi uphathe imbewu ngevuselelo lokukhula. Uma umenzi ukunakekele lokhu futhi embozwe ifilimu ekhethekile, ke asikho isidingo zokwelashwa.
- Imbewu ehlanganisiwe idinga umswakama omningi futhi imila ngesonto elizayo kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukhukhamba zitshalwa kangcono ezitsheni ezihlukene zembewu engu-2-3 ebhodweni ngalinye. Ngemuva kokuhluma, izitshalo eziningi ngokweqile ziyasuswa bese kusala isihlahla esisodwa.
- Ungagcina izinto zokutshala ukhule imbewu yamakhukhamba ngaphambi kokutshala. Imbewu enkulu kunazo zonke iyathathwa futhi ifakwe emgodleni othambile amahora ayi-12. Lezo zilungele ukutshala ukudumba. Zingahlwanyelwa emabhodweni.
- Ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi 1: 1 ilungele ukuhlwanyela ukhukhamba.
- Emhlabathini omanzi, ukufakwa okuncane okungafika ku-2 cm noma imisele kuyenziwa bese imbewu ibekwa kuyo ibanga eli-1 cm.
- Uma ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngesilinganiso esikhulu esikhulu, khona-ke ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele lifinyelele ku-3 cm. Ngenxa yale ndlela, izithombo zingadluliselwa endaweni engapheli ngenhlama enkulu yomhlaba futhi zingalimazi izimpande.
- Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, izimbobo nemisele iminyene yesundu noma i-spatula, bese isitsha sibekwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma embozwe ifilimu esobala ukuze kulondolozwe umswakama enhlabathini.
- Izinga lokushisa elifanelekile lokuvela kwezithombo okunobungane lingama-22 degrees.
- Amahlumela okuqala avela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya kumaviki amabili, kuya ngohlobo lwembewu nezimo zokushisa.
- Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukufafaza, ngoba amahlumela amaningi angeke akwazi ukuzikhulula ngokuzimele kwifilimu yembewu. Kuyathandeka futhi ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa libe ngama-20 degrees, kwandise amahora okukhanya kwelanga abe ngamahora ayi-12, ukuze izitshalo zingaluli.
- Ukunisela okugcwele kwenziwa ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lokuqala leqiniso. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungaqala ukufaka isicelo sokufaka umanyolo ngama-microelements kanye nomanyolo wamaminerali.
- Iqabunga lesithathu leqiniso liyisibonakaliso sokuthi isihlahla sidinga ukutshalwa kwisitsha esingapheli. Kuyadingeka ukuyikhetha ukuze kudlule okungenani amalitha amathathu esikhala esitshalweni esisodwa.
- Ngokutshala izithombo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube yomhlaba wesod ne-humus (1: 1), umlotha wezinkuni, i-potash kanye ne-phosphorus fertilizer. Kuhle uma kukhona i-vermiculitis. Bese kufakwa elinye ilitha le-vermiculite kumalitha amathathu ale ngxube. Izitshalo zamakhukhamba zithanda ukudla, ngakho-ke umhlaba wazo kufanele ube nomsoco futhi ukhululeke. Ngosizo lukakhukhunathi kakhukhunathi kanye ne-peat ngokusekelwe ku-sphagnum moss, ukuqina komoya kwenhlabathi kungandiswa.
- Ngaphambi kokubuza umbuzo wokuthi ungatshala nini ukhukhamba ku-sill yewindows, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi emigwaqweni kusebusika futhi izitshalo zidinga ukushisa okuphansi, ibanga ukusuka efasiteleni, ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi.
- Inetha lokweluka lizosiza ekuxazululeni inkinga yokugcina ibanga ukusuka efasiteleni elibandayo futhi lizoba ukwesekwa okungcono kakhulu kokuhlumela kwekhukhamba. Into esemqoka: ukubeka kahle amahlumela kugridi futhi ulawule umthwalo.
- Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezinhlobo ezimbili zezimbali zidinga ingcosana yehlumela eliphakathi ukwandisa inani lezimbali zabesifazane esihlahleni.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukushukumisa isihlahla noma ukusekela igridi kaningana ngosuku ukuze kusheshiswe inqubo yokuqothula.
- Kubalulekile kakhulu ukugcina umswakama omningi futhi uvikele nomhlaba omningi ngokweqile. Ukushisa akufanele kwehle ngaphansi kwama-degrees angama-20.
- Udinga ukunaka kakhulu ukuthambisa. Uma kwenzeka zichichima, lesi sitshalo singagula ngomlenze omnyama. Kungcono ukunisela ngemithamo emincane nsuku zonke.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukhukhamba udinga umquba. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-tincture yokhuni lomlotha ingcono kakhulu: ingilazi engu-1 yomlotha ovela kwi-linden, imaple (hhayi i-oki) ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Umanyolo we-Micronutrient wamakhukhamba nawo unengxenye ekubekeni kwezithelo okungcono. Umanyolo awusetshenziswe isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa kumaviki amabili.
- Ukuqoqwa kwezithelo zansuku zonke kuzothuthukisa impilo yesihlahla sikhukhamba futhi kwandise isivuno saso kaningana.
Indlela efanelekile yamakhukhamba ebusika ebusika izosiza abalimi abanolwazi nama-novice ukuba bathole isivuno esicebile sezithelo ezinamanzi noKhrisimu. Futhi ukuze yonke imizamo ingahambi ekuchitheni, kuyadingeka futhi ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele ezilungele ukukhula endlini ngaphakathi ebusika.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zamakhukhamba ngokukhula kufasitela ebusika
Ukuthola isivuno esihle, kufanele ukhethe izinhlobo ezifanele zamakhukhamba wokutshala efasiteleni ebusika.
Kungcono ukuhlwanyela inzalo ezenzelwa wena uqobo.
Phakathi kokuningi okukhulu, ama-hybrids anjengoMarinda F1, Masha F1, Legenda F1, iMicrosoft Greenhouse F1, neRomance F1 kufanele aqokonyiswe. Lezi zitshalo zibonakaliswa ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, zinganciphisi izimo zokuvalelwa kanye nokumelana nezifo.
Lapho ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo, kubalulekile ukugxila kuhlobo lwezimbali, amandla okukhula emivini nesikhathi sokungena ekuhlwayizeni. Ukulima okungaphakathi endlini, ama-hybrids asanda kuvuthwa wamakhukhamba anohlobo lowesifazane wezimbali azibonakalise kahle.
Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinezinhlobo ezimbili zezimbali, ze-balcony ne-windows sill, ukhukhamba woMfana onezinhlobonhlobo zeminwe zikulungele kakhulu. Noma yikuphi ukuhlukahluka okukhethwayo, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ngaphandle kokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa, umvini wamakhukhamba ngeke ulethe umphumela oyifunayo.
