Uhlobo lweTigridia, lwedatha ehlukahlukene, lingelomndeni kaKatatikov noma u-Iris, kodwa nokho ososayensi abaningi bathambekele ekukhetheni kokuqala.
Le mbali ayivelakancane futhi ayihlalwa kakhulu, kepha ekunakekelweni kwayo akuwona umthwalo, futhi nokuhlobisa kuphakeme.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo
Uhlobo lincane, futhi yizitshalo ezimbalwa kuphela ezitshaliwe kusiko, okuvame kakhulu kuzo I-Tigridia peacock. Lolu hlobo luvela esifundeni esiphakathi neseningizimu yeNyakatho Melika.
Lokhu kungumfuziselo onamandla kakhulu, ukhula ube yingxenye yemitha noma ngaphezulu okuphezulu. Amahlamvu we-xiphoid asongwe. Ukusuka ebhulini elilodwa elinempilo, kuvela iziqu ezimbali ezinhlanu kuzo zonke izithombo ezingaba zisihlanu.
Imbali yezithupha iyabotshwa, inkulu, inemibala ehlukahlukene - ingxenye yangaphandle ye-perianth ivame onsomi ngombala we-orange noma obomvu ogcwele, ingxenye engaphakathi incane, i-orange noma, imvama kakhulu. Izimbali ziyavela zivuleke ngokulandelana futhi ngenxa yalokho izimbali zihlala cishe inyanga, yize impilo ye-inflorescence eyodwa ingamahora ayi-9 kuphela.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezisuselwa kulolu hlobo:
- Alta - Ama-inflorescence amhlophe ngombala obomvu,
- Aurea - ophuzi we-carmine petals,
- I-Canariensis - Ingxenye imbali yemibala inemibala ethambile, kanti ngaphakathi ibomvu,
- Lilac - ama-lilac petals ngokubomvu nokubomvu kwe-carmine.
Tigridia tubular ihlumela lalezi zinhlobo lifushane kunaleli le-Peacock, ngaphandle kwalokho lihluma kahle. I-Foliage nayo incane. Izimbali zentambo epinki ethambile.
Tigridia Chess igama lalezi zinhlobo lizikhulumela - ezinhlamvwini zalolu hlobo, amabala abekwa ephethini yokuhlola.
I-Tigridia yokutshala ngaphandle nokunakekela
Ukunakekela i-tigridia akusiwona umthwalo, kepha nokho imbali iyi-exotic kanti ukulinywa kwayo kunezifiso zayo. Indawo ebanjwayo kufanele ikhethwe ikhanyiswe kahle, hhayi ukushayelwa ukungakapheli.
Lapho ukhule ezifundeni ezifudumele lapho kungatshalwa khona ekuqaleni, amahlumela ezitshalo azoba namandla futhi uzokwazi ukukwenza ngaphandle kwezisekeli, inqobo nje uma kunelanga elanele futhi kungekho moya uvunguza.
Inhlabathi ngokukhethekayo kulula, okuvulekile, okunempilo, ngokudonsa amanzi, ukungathathi hlangothi, inhlabathi ene-acid ayamukelekile. Uma i-substrate isinda kakhulu, isibonelo, ubumba, khona-ke luhlanganiswa nesihlabathi, amatshe ayigugu. Konke ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo kufana nokunakekelwa kwe-gladioli.
Ezingxenyeni ezifudumele zezwe, ngokwesibonelo, e-Ukraine, eningizimu yeRussia neBelarus, ukutshala kungenziwa emhlabathini ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Amabhuleki ajulelwe ngokuphelele emhlabathini, futhi phakathi kwabantu ngamunye ashiya okungenani amasentimitha ayi-15. Ngemuva kwenyanga noma ngaphezulu kwalokho, amahlumela azoqala ukudonsa. Izihlahla zikhula zikhulu, kepha zizoqala ukuqhakaza kuphela ekupheleni kwehlobo.
Uma unentshisekelo yokuthi ikhula kanjani i-gladioli ngesikhathi sokutshala nokunakekela endaweni evulekile, kanye nezinye izincomo eziningi kokuqukethwe kwalesi sitshalo, funda le ndatshana.
Izithombo zeTigrid
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lapho utshala ngqo enhlabathini ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo, ama-bulbs amasha awathuthukisi ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngisho nalapho uhlala ezindaweni ezifudumele kungakuhle ukutshala amabhodwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho ezengeziwe, esisezingeni leSt. Petersburg, kungcono ukwenza ukutshala kwangoko (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo) emabhodweni nokuzilima ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ngaphambi kokuqala kwehlobo.
Imvamisa, ama-tigrid bulbs abekwa emabhodweni engxube ye-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-turf land, izingcezu ezi-3 inye. Ziyaniselwa kancane, kuthi lapho kuqhuma amahlumela, ukuthambisa kuyaqiniswa. Ngaphambi kokudlulisela embhedeni wezimbali, zikhulile ezimweni ezijwayelekile zekamelo. Uma lokhu kukhula kungenziwa, khona-ke amahlumela angaqala ukwelula ngokungaphezulu ngokufanele futhi kuzodingeka aboshwe ngokusekelwa.
Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, badlulisela enhlabathini evulekile, imvamisa lokhu kwenziwa ngebhodwe. Kungcono ukubeka ama-30 cm omquba wamahhashi oxutshwe namahlamvu ezimbizeni ngaphambi kwenqubo, nenani elifanayo lomhlabathi phezulu, bese wehlisa imbiza ngesitshalo.
Ukunisela tigridia
Ukuchelela kwenziwa njengoba inhlabathi yomile, ekushiseni khuphula inani loketshezi. Amanzi okunisela kufanele afudumele futhi, kungcono, afeze ukuthambisa okujulile.
Okusho ukuthi, bhala ucezu lwamashubhu anezimbobo eduze kwesitshalo bese uthela amanzi kuwo. Ukunisela okunamandla kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali.
Umanyolo we-tigridia
Ngemuva kokutshala, kungakuhle ukuthi ungeze i-nitrogen top dress ngezinga lama-35 g nge-1 m2. Ngemuva kwenyanga ngemuva kokutshala, yenza umanyolo ogcwele wamaminerali, umthamo okhonjisiwe kwiphakheji.
Ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, akukubi ukwethula i-nitrophoska - 50 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi wokunisela. Isixazululo esifanayo singafafaza amaqabunga.
I-Tigridia ebusika
Ngezimbali ezilahliwe, ihlumela liyanqunywa. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ama anokulungela kangcono ubusika obalandela. Uma iziqu zide kakhulu noma ziwela phansi, khona-ke ungakhohlwa ukuzenzela ukusekela.
Ngemuva kwesithwathwa sokuqala sokukhanya, ingxenye eluhlaza yamasethi izofa, emva kwalokho inqunywe, bese u-anyanisi abiwe, kucace ngobunono ingxenye ethile yomhlaba, kepha ingxenye esele - izokuwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Zomile okungenani izinsuku ezingama-30 egumbini. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-15 uqale ukomisa okokugcina, izinsalela zomhlaba ziyahlanzwa kuzo, izimpande zisikiwe, bese kuthi iziqu zisikwe ku-2 cm.
Ukuze ugcinwe egumbini elomile, kungcono ukuthatha isihlabathi. Uma indawo yokubeka imanzi kakhulu, kungcono ukumane nje ulengise okuthethwe kuseyili yenyoni.
Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokutshala, nezilimo eziyizigaxa zihlukaniswa. Yenza lokhu ezinsukwini ezi-4 ngaphambi kokutshala, ngoba izindawo lapho izinhlamvu zicindezelwe eyodwa kuya kwenye kufanele zome.
Ukutshala imbewu yeTigridia
Ezilinganisweni eziseningizimu, lapho kuqhakaza khona izimbali maphakathi nehlobo, ungaqoqa imbewu ye-tigrid bese usabalalisa isitshalo usisebenzisa.
Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa phakathi kobusika, stratization yokuqala, okungukuthi, ukwelashwa ngamazinga okushisa aphansi, akufuneki. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa ngengxube yesihlabathi nge-peat ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-1.
Isendlalelo asivumelekile ukuba some, siyinkcenkceshele ngezikhathi ezithile. Amahlumela aqala ukudonsa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-20 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.
Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, izithombo zingatshalwa embhedeni wezimbali, futhi ekwindla, ama atholakala ezitshalweni ezisencane azobe esekulungele ukusakazwa okwengeziwe.
Ungawaqoqa kanjani, uwagcine kanjani ama-bulbs bese uwatshala, okuyindlela yesitshalo yokuzala, kwaxoxwa ngayo ngenhla.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
I-tigridia ekhulayo ingabhekana nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Kaningi, abalimi kufanele babhekane nazo ama rotting ebusika. Ukuze izinto zokutshala zigcinwe kangcono, ziphathwa ngamalungiselelo we-fungicidal, ngokwesibonelo, isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-baseazole.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuyatholakala ukugqwala. Ngasikhathi sinye kuvela amabala obomvu kumahlamvu. Ukulwa nalokhu ukhunta, izindawo ezinobunzima ziyanqunywa bese kusetshenziswa isisombululo esingu-1% soketshezi lweBordeaux noma isikhunta esifanayo.
Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza kuvame ukwenzeka lapho umanyolo onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen kufakwa enhlabathini yezakhi, kuyilapho amahlamvu eqala ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi okuqhakaza, ngapha, kungenzeki.
Amabhu weTigrid ayakuthanda ukudla amabhere amancane. Ngokushaya izimpande zesitshalo, bayasibhubhisa. Lesi sinambuzane singabonakala ngezinqwaba ezincane zomhlaba ebusweni bomhlaba. Indlela engcono yokubhekana nazo umquba, uju, noma izicupho zikabhiya. Futhi, usuthole isidleke, ungasigcwalisa ngensipho nangamanzi. Uma kunezinambuzane eziningi kakhulu, bese usebenzisa amakhemikhali.
Ama-Thrips yidla ngamajusi wezitshalo. Lesi sinambuzane siphindaphindeka ngokushesha esimweni sezulu esifudumele, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho singathinta izitshalo eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Ushiya ngemuva amabala aphuzi owomile kumahlamvuosheshe afe futhi omile.
Ngenxa yama-thrips, ukuqhakaza kuqeda ekuseni. Balwa nalesi sinambuzane ngokubeka iphepha elinamathele elizungeze izitshalo nokusebenzisa ugwayi, i-celandine, nezinambuzane.
Kwesinye isikhathi tigridia iyahlaselwa slugs. Ukuze ulwe nabo, kwanele ukusakaza ulamula noma amaqanda amaqobelo aqhobozekile ezitshalweni. Futhi, lezi zinambuzane zingaqoqwa ngesandla.
