Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukulandela ubuchwepheshe bokutshala nokunakekela. Ochwepheshe bathi: kungcono ukubeka isivuno esizayo ebusika. Kungani ukutshala ama-currants ekwindla kuyinto enhle kakhulu nokuthi ungayitshala kanjani ngendlela efanele.
Kungani ama-currants kufanele atshalwe ekwindla
I-currant kufanele itshalwe ekwindla, ngoba ichaza ama-buds ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Futhi uma utshala isivuno cishe ngo-Ephreli, khona-ke awukwazi ukulinda amajikijolo ngonyaka ofanayo ne-99%. Ngenkathi isihlahla sithatha indawo futhi siphenduka sibe luhlaza, asikho isikhathi esisele sokwenza ukwakheka kwesiqu nokuvuthwa kweziqu.
Lapho utshala ekwindla, ungathatha amajikijolo ezihlahleni ezilandelayo ehlobo
Izinzuzo eziphambili zokutshala ebusika:
- ukujwayela okusheshayo kwesiko enhlabathini kanye nasekubikeni kwezimpawu;
- ukuntuleka kwezinambuzane emhlabathini;
- ukuvuselelwa okufika ngesikhathi entwasahlobo, ukubonakala kwamahlamvu kanye namaqanda.
Cabanga umehluko ekutshaleni ama-currants amnyama nokubomvu noma okumhlophe: owokuqala uthanda inhlabathi enomunyu kancane, oswakanyiswe kahle ezindaweni eziphansi, kanti owokugcina ukhetha umswakama omncane, ukuntuleka kwe-acidity nezindawo eziphakeme.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula: ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla kuhlale kunobungozi bokuthi izithombo noma ukusika kuzokhululeka phakathi nobusika obunzima. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa, uma kwenzeka, ukumboza izihlahla kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Kulokhu, i-spunbond eminyene noma i-spruce paws ifanelekile.
Izinsuku kanye nokuma kokufika: itafula
Lapha umthetho omkhulu ukunikeza isikhathi sezihlahla ukuthi zithole izimpande, zithole izimpande futhi zilungele ubusika. Kuzothatha izinsuku ezingama-20 ukuthi i-blackcurrant, ibe ngama-25 ngokubomvu nokumhlophe.
| Ukuma komhlaba | Isikhathi sokufika |
| Isifunda saseMoscow neMoscow | ingxenye yesibili kaSepthemba - Okthoba |
| Imicu emaphakathi neRussia | |
| Isifunda seLeningrad | ukuphela kwempucuko |
| Ural | |
| ISiberia | |
| ENingizimu yeRussia | ingxenye yesibili Okthoba - maphakathi Novemba |
Ungayilungiselela kanjani indawo oyifunayo
Njengoba kucatshangwa ukuthi ama-blackcurrant bush azohlala endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eyi-10, futhi abomvu noma amhlophe wonke angama-20, izindawo zazo kufanele zikhethwe ngendlela efanele.
Emhlabathini onama-acid amaningi futhi oswakanyiswe, tshala isihlahla esimnyama bese uthola umphumela:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo esihle
- fecundity ephezulu;
- ukuntuleka kwenyumba;
- amajikijolo amakhulu futhi anamanzi.
Emhlabathini ongenawo acidic egqumeni, khomba ama-currants abomvu noma amhlophe.
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo, ukuvikelwa komoya kubalulekile.
Ama-currants amnyama awathandi umthunzi, obomvu nokumhlophe akubekezelela ngokwengeziwe noma kancane, kepha adinga nelanga.
Izandulelo ezinhle zokutshala ama-currants zingamakhorali, amakhambi wonyaka. Okubi kukhona ama-raspberries, ama-gooseberries.
Umanyolo
Umanyolo omuhle umquba nomquba. Ungazisebenzisa zombili ngasikhathi sinye: faka umgodi wesithombo.
Ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa, kufakwa umanyolo ongaphezulu kwama-0.5 kg
Umanyolo wokutshala kumele uhlanganiswe nomhlabathi noma okungenani ufafazwe ngawo ukuze izimpande zesitshalo zilale emhlabathini futhi zingashisi ngokuhlangana ngqo namafutha.
Uma udinga ukususa inhlabathi (endaweni yama-currants abomvu namhlophe), sebenzisa ikhareji noma usimende wakudala. Igobolondo leqanda elichobozekile nalo lifanelekile.
Abaningi benza umlotha lapho betshala. Kepha lo ngumcimbi ongaphumeleli ekwindla: I-calcium, eletha umlotha, ngokushesha ihlanzwa yizimvula ezivela kungqimba yenhlabathi ephezulu, kanye nomanyolo we-nitrogen. Ngakho-ke, lapho utshala ngaphambi kobusika, yenza i-superphosphate ephindwe kabili kuphela - 2 wezipuni ngesihlahla ngasinye. Konke okunye kusentwasahlobo.
Ukufakelwa enhlabathini acidic
ama-currants awakwazi ukutholakala emhlabathini ofanele ngokuphelele, isibonelo, acidic ngokweqile
Esakhiweni sokufika, susa ungqimba lomhlabathi lube ngama-40 cm ubukhulu, ulixube nefulawa ye-dolomite ngesilinganiso esingu-0,5 kg ku-1 sq. m bese uthele le ngxube emuva lapho kwasuswa khona inhlabathi, bese ufaka umanyolo ngezithako zamaminerali.
Izinto zokupheka zokutshala
Ungatshala ama-currants ngezithombo noma ngemisiko. Indlela yokuqala ilula: izithombo zingathengwa futhi zitshale ngokushesha. Kepha kuphela uma uqonda lolu daba futhi ungayikhetha kalula impahla enhle yokutshala.
Izithombo
Ngaphandle, isihlahla kufanele sibukeke siphilile
Izindlela eziphambili lapho ukhetha izithombo:
- bekungafanele babe nezimpande nezicubu eziphukile;
- isitshalo sinamahlumela amabili noma ngaphezulu;
- une-fleecy, impande yokhuni.
Izimbumbulu
Ngokusika, isimo siyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Bona-ke, futhi bangcono ukuzithenga kubathengisi abathembekile, ngoba izihlahla zesibeletho ezinengqondo zikhule ngokukhethekile, zigadiwe, zivikelwe ezifweni. Ngokwemithetho yokusatshalaliswa kwama-currant, akukho lutho okufanele lukhule ngaphakathi endaweni engamakhilomitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka emasimini esibeletho. Kodwa-ke, akunangqondo ukulandela lo mthetho ngokwakha uzungu lwakho. Kodwa ukuze ukhule isihlahla esinempilo kungenzeka, khona-ke ukuthatha ukusika okunekhwalithi ephezulu kuyo.
I-algorithm yokutshala izithombo imi ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Amahlumela wonyaka onobukhulu okungenani bama-7 mm kufanele asikwe ngobude be-20 cm ngethuluzi elibukhali. Ingxenye engenhla yenziwa ngo-1 cm ngaphezu kwezinso, ingaphansi, i-oblique, ngaphansi kwesiza se-inoculation.
- Soak amahlumela emanzini izinsuku ezingama-5-7, phakathi nesikhathi lapho uketshezi kufanele lushintshwe kabili.
- Cwilisa ukusika kolunye usuku kusisombululo se-heteroauxin.
Uma ufuna ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukusikeka
Lapho kuxhunyelelwa, izinqubo zabanye kufanele zihlanganiswe kuqala izitshalo ezikhona. Ngemuva konyaka, thatha izithombo zokutshala emhlabathini.
Isinyathelo-by-sinyathelo sokufika
Ukutshala ama-currants nganoma iyiphi indlela kwenziwa kangcono ngokubambisana: enye ibamba i-sapling (ukusikeka), enye imbayo.
Izithombo
Indlela yokubamba imi kanje:
- Bamba umgodi ngokujula okungama-30 cm no-40 x 40 cm ngosayizi.
- Gcoba ezindaweni ezintathu zokujula, zixube nenhlabathi.
- Tshala isihlahla nge-angle engu-45 degrees, hlela amahlumela ngefeni.
- Fafaza izimpande ngomhlaba, uhlanganise uzungeze izithombo.
- Yenza umkhondo wokunisela ezizungeze isilinganiselo sesitshalo.
- Thela ibhakede lamanzi ku-groove.
- Ngemuva kokuthi amanzi amunwe, fafaza isiqu ukuzungeza nge-peat noma ngesihlabathi esomile.
- Sika amahlumela afinyelele ezingeni lokuthi ama-buds ama-3-4 aqhubeke ngenhla komhlaba.
Izithombo ezingama-currant zivame ukutshala imigqa emincanyana kude ne-1 m ukusuka komunye nomunye.
I-Currant isiko elizenzele lona, kepha -ukupholisa impova kuzokusiza kuphela, ngakho-ke beka izinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe emugqeni owodwa.
Izimbumbulu
Okokuqala, intambo idonswa endaweni elungiselelwe, lapho ama-currants atshalwe khona emigqeni eminingana, kusale cishe amasentimitha angama-20 phakathi kwawo, no-40 cm phakathi kwemigqa, izitshalo kufanele zibe kude kwe-10-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye
Inqubo yokufika ngokulandelayo:
- Bumba izimbobo zesentimitha esincane ngokujula kwama-20 cm.
- Faka umanyolo, uwaxube nenhlabathi.
- Faka isiqu esilinganisweni sama-degree angama-45 emgodini bese ufafaza ngomhlaba.
- Qondanisa inhlabathi ezungeze isibambo. Izinso ezi-2-3 kufanele zihlale ebusweni.
- Yenza i-groove ezungeze isibambo futhi uthele amanzi amaningi - cishe isigamu sebhakede ngesitshalo esisodwa.
- Mulch emhlabeni nxazonke nge-humus noma i-peat ungqimba lwe-3-5 cm.
Entwasahlobo, izithombo ezisikiwe izimpande zidluliselwa “endaweni yokuhlala yaphakade”; ekwindla, amafomu asekhule ngokugcwele aqhamuka kuwo, aqala ukuthela izithelo ehlobo elizayo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwama-currant
Isitshalo esincane sidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Inhlabathi ezungezile kufanele imbozwe ungqimba olungamasentimitha ayi-10 womquba, we-peat noma we-humus.
Ukuze uqweqwe lungabonakali ngemuva kokunisela, fafaza umhlaba eduze nesihlahla ngesihlabathi. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa, izitshalo ze-spud, kanye nangentwasahlobo, susa lo mhlaba eziqwini.
Amanzi kufanele aniselwe kakhulu ngamanzi afudumele uma ekwindla kungemvula, ikakhulukazi nge-currant emnyama
Mboza izithombo ngemuva kokutshala nge-spanbond noma i-gauze. Ungagxobha amagatsha. Amanzi amaningi amasonto ambalwa okuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho ungajwayela ukubanda - ukuvula kancane, futhi kancane kancane ubashiye ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela. Kungafakwa kumanyolo we-nitrogen.
Ukubona imithetho elula yokutshala ama-currant ekwindla nokunakekela isivuno, ungaqiniseka ukuthola isivuno esihle ehlobo.
