Ama-rose akhuphukayo ahlala niche ekhethekile ekwakhiweni kwengadi - Ukulima mpo. Usebenzisa izitshalo, ungakha uthango, izindonga nezibalo zokuhlobisa.
Izitshalo ezibalulekile zokumboza izakhiwo ezingezinhle, ukongeza kwezihlahla ezindala namakholomu.
Izici zemvelo zokukhuphuka ama-roses, sebenzisa ekwakhiweni
Kwezokulima, wonke umuntu uyibiza ngokuthi yi-wicker Izinhlobo zama roses, zakheka amahlumela abunjiwe. Lezi izitshalo ezikwazi ukuhlangana ndawonye ngameva awo, ukuzulazula, ukugibela ibanga elithile ngokusekelwa.
Izinhlobo zokukhuphuka noma ukugibela ama-roses ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-3:
- abagembuli;
- Ama-Klimmers
- klaymbings.
Kwabanjwa abaduni ngenxa yokuwela ama-roses e-Vihurayna nama roses e-multiflora. Lezi izitshalo ezinamahlumela athambekeleyo aguquguqukayo wombala oluhlaza okotshani, ombozwe ngemikhaba emincane.
Izimbali kufika ku-2,5 cm ubukhulu zingaba lula, i-terry yemibala ehlukahlukene. Izimbali zenzeka kanye ngonyaka ngoJuni - kuJulayi futhi zihlala izinsuku ezingama-30- 35.
Ama-flower buds aboshwe kumahlumela we-biennial. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokuqina kwamahlumela, izitshalo zingahlobisa noma yimuphi umdwebo.
Ukubuka okukhwela ama-rosesKlimmers atholakala ngemuva kokunqamula ama-rambler nge-teahouse, remodels and roses of the floribunda group. Lezi izitshalo eziqinile, ezibonakaliswa ngokukhula okusheshayo kanye nobude bokudubula (2-4 m). Izimbali ezingaphezu kuka-4 cm ubukhulu zihlukaniswa ngumbala ohlukahlukene.
Izitshalo zinobusika obukhulu kunabashokobezi. Hlukanisa nokuqhakaza okuphindaphindayo amahlumela konyaka wamanje. Amahlumela awo akaguquki kalula, ngakho-ke afanelekile ukuhlobisa nokuhlobisa okusekelwa kuphela okuqondile.
Ukubuka kwama-Climbers akhuphuka ama-rosesI-Klimbings - Izitshalo ezivela ekuguqukeni kwezinso kusuka kuhlobo olunama-rose nzalo amakhulu. Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zitshalo izimbali ezinkulu kuze kufike ku-11 cm ubukhulu, ukukhula okuqinile kwamahlumela.
Maphakathi neRussia, cishe zihlala zithinteka yi-koniotirium, ngakho-ke zikhula kuphela esifundeni eseningizimu.
Ukubuka okwenyuka kwama-roses ClimbingsIzinhlobo ezithandwayo
Nakhu ukubuka konke kwezinhlobo ezethembisayo zokukhwela ama-roses, kunconyelwe ukulinyelwa ezifundeni eziseningizimu naphakathi nendawo ye-horticulture.
Isithwathwa seqhwa
Isitshalo esinamandla esinamahlumela ubude obu-3 m noma ngaphezulu. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, acwebezelayo, kukhona ameva ambalwa. Izimbali ezimhlophe (cm 4 cm) ziqoqwa emabhulashini kusuka kwezingu-5 kuye kwezingama-20.
Ibanga le-Snow GoosePolka
Isitshalo esinokuphakama okungamamitha ayi-2 noma ngaphezulu. Amacembe aluhlaza omnyama, ocwebezelayo, omncane. Izimbali ziphindeke kabili kuze kufike ku-12 cm ubukhulu, i-pastel apricot hue.
Okuhlukahlukene PolkaAmakhasino
Bush kuze kube ngu-4 m ukuphakama ngamahlumela anamandla nezikhala ezinkulu. Izimbali ze-Terry kusuka kububanzi obungu-8 kuye ku-10 cm womthunzi okhanyayo ophuzi.
Ibanga leKhasinoISantana
Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwesihlahla kungamamitha ayi-3, amahlumela aqinile ngama-spikes acwebile. Amaqabunga aqoshwe, acwebezelayo, aluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali zi-raspberry ekhanyayo, ububanzi obuphindwe kabili kabili ka-8-10 cm.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeSantanaElf
Faka isihlahla esingu-2-2,5 m ukuphakama ngamahlumela aqinile namaqabunga amakhulu. Izimbali zimhlophe, eduze nendawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, inobubanzi obungu-10-14 cm.
Izinhlobonhlobo ElfLapho ukhetha izinhlobonhlobo, udinga ukugxila ekuvumelaniseni kwezinhlobonhlobo esifundeni, ukumelana nesithwathwa kanye nokuthambekela kwezifo.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukutshalwa kokukhuphuka kwama-roses esifundeni esiphakathi nesenyakatho ye-horticulture futhi kuzodinga ukuchitheka okukhulu kwesikhathi.
Ukutshala ngaphandle, ukutshala nokunakekela
Ukutshala
Ngokutshala ama-roses akhuphukayo, bakhetha indawo enelanga ngaphandle kokuntengantenga komoya omanzi. Lapho ungatshala khona - kulokhu, izindonga zezakhiwo noma izinkomba zaseningizimu, izinkomba zaseningizimu nentshonalanga zilungele kahle.
Ukuvuthwa kokukhula konyaka lapho izimbali zezimbali zibekelwe khona isizini elandelayo kuncike kuzinga lokukhanyisa.
Indawo iyambiwa, isuse izimpande zokhula. Lungiselela umgodi wokufika ngaphambi kwesikhathi (50X50 cm). Ukugcwalisa, hlanganisa i-substrate kusuka kuzakhi:
- umhlaba we-turf 50%;
- humus 20%;
- Peat 10%;
- isihlabathi somfula 10%;
- ubumba olubunjiwe 10%.
Amakhilogremu ama-5 womquba obunjiwe kanye nama-200 g we-superphosphate afakwa emthonjeni, othululwa ngamanzi.
Entwasahlobo, ama roses atshalwa kusuka ngo-Ephreli 20 kuya ku-Meyi 20, ekwindla ngezinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala zikaSepthemba.
Maphakathi nomgodi wokutshala, kwakhiwa indunduma yesigatshana esingaphezulu komhlaba, lapho izimpande zesitshalo ziqonde khona, zimbozwe, zihlanganisiwe futhi ziniselwa.
Indawo yokugoma kufanele ihlale ekujuleni ka-3-4 cm ngaphansi komhlaba. Ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela anqunywa kusuka ku-15 cm kusuka emhlabathini.
Ungatshala kanjani futhi unakekele i-rose ekhuphukayo:
Ungayinakekela kanjani
Ukugibela ama-roses ukuthambisa okuqabukela kodwa maningi kuyadingeka. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngenkathi eyomile kuba kanye ngeviki ngamalitha ayi-10-20 amanzi. Ukunisela izitshalo kungenye ngokuvula umbuthano oseduze bese ukhula ukhula.
Esikhathini sokuqala sokukhula, isitshalo ngeke sidinge Umanyolo. Kamuva, ama-roses avundiswa kaningana ngesizini ngezixazululo zamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo:
- entwasahlobo yokuqala nesisombululo samanzi se-ammonium nitrate (30 g / 10l), ephindwe emva kwezinsuku eziyi-15;
- ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa kwe-bud by izakhiwo zamaminerali (NPK);
- ngaphambi kwesigaba sokuqhakaza ngesixazululo se-mullein (1: 10);
- ngemuva kokuqhakaza ngezakhi zamaminerali (NPK);
- eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaSeptemba, i-superphosphate, usawoti we-potassium.
Ngemuva kobusika uzodinga ukunakekela: ama-rose anqunywe iqhwa futhi avuthwe amahlumela kwezicubu ezinempilo. Amahlumela asele asatshalaliswa phezu kwenhlabathi.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, amahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni sikhula. Lapho zifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama, amahlumela amadala aboshwe ngokusekelwa.
Ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali, bayathenwa, kusale u-1-2 okuqine kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwamathambo esihlahleni, anciphisa amahlumela aseceleni ngamahlumela angama-2-3.
Ngaphezu kwezisekeli zokufakelwa zama roses ezikhulayo, ungasebenzisa izihlahlana noma izihlahla. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umuntu ngeke azikhethele izitshalo ezinezimpande ezikhulu nezinolaka njengabalingani ku-rose.
Izinketho ezinhle: umlotha wentaba, eliphakathi kweqabaka, iqhwa, isihlahla sama-apula, i-larch noma uphayini.
Ukusakazeka kwama roses ekhuphukayo
Izitshalo zikhiqiza ngezindlela ezintathu: ukusika, layering kanye luthela.
Ukusika kwenziwa ekwindla ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali.. Izinto zokutshala zinqunywa kusuka amahlumela anezinhlaka ezinemifino emincane. Ingxenye engezansi yenziwa ingabonakali ngaphansi kwezinso, eyaphezulu ngqo ingu-0.5 cm ngaphezu kwezinso.
I-Shank kufanele ibe ngu-6 cm ubude nezinso ezi-3-4. Amaqabunga avela ezansi ayasuswa, bese okusele kuthenwe.
Ukususa izimpande, kusenziwa iziqukathi ezigcwaliswe isakhi esingumsoco. Ukudangala kwenziwa enkabeni yesitsha futhi kugcwele isihlabathi. I-cutlery itshalwe ngokungacacile esihlabathini, ingcwatshwe 2/3.
Izimo eziphambili zokususa izingcembe - Ukuhlinzekwa isikhathi eside kokukhanya okulahlekile kanye lokushisa okungama-23 ° -25 ° C. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukumboza iziqukathi ngopende noma ukumboza ngendwangu edlulisela ukukhanya, bese ubeka okutshalekile endaweni ekhanyiselwe kakhulu.
Ukunakekelwa kokutshala kufaka ukuthambisa njengokomisi ongaphansi komhlaba, ukufafaza amaqabunga kaningana ngosuku, kube nomoya ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukubangelwa kwezimpawu kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30.
Ukusika kwenziwa ekwindla ngemuva kwenkathi yezimbali.Ukuze kusakazeke ngokuhlelwa, kukhethwe amahlumela amasha aphilileikhula ngaphansi kwentambo yezimpande. Abaphikisi bakha ama-grooves angajulile.
Amahlumela abekwa kuwo, ahlanganiswe ngosizo lwama-hairpins futhi ambozwe nge-substrate evulekile, eshiya izingaphezulu zingaphezulu. Lapho kuhlangana khona amagatsha nenhlabathi, kwenziwa imigilingwane emincane.
Isendlalelo siyanyiswa njengoba seyomile. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, izithombo zisika izimpande, noma kunjalo, zihlukaniswa kuphela intwasahlobo elandelayo, futhi zikhule kahle ngemuva konyaka.
Indlela yokusabalalisa ngokuqhakaza yenziwa kuphela ngabalimi abanolwazi. Lo mcimbi udinga ukugcinwa ngqo kwezinqubo ezidingekayo namakhono athile.
Umcimbi ubanjelwa ngo-Agasti-Septhemba. Intamo yezimpande zesitoko ihlanza kusuka enhlabathini iye ezimpandeni ezinkulu, amahlumela amancane ayasuswa. Ingxenye ye-T yenziwa entanyeni yezimpande.
Njenges scion, isimbotshana esinengxenye yamagxolo kanye nesendlalelo sokhuni (isihlangu) esinqenqemeni sinqunywa sisuka engxenyeni ephakathi nehlumela le-semi-lignified. Ubungako obulungile bophahla bungama-2-3 cm, ubukhona be-petiole eyodwa yamaqabunga buyimpoqo.
Imiphetho yokuqhekeka entanyeni yezimpande ayitholakali, kufakwa isihlangu, sicindezelwe ngokuqinilehuni sokhuni futhi siboshwe ngezinto ezithambile. Izinso kufanele zihlale zivulekile.
Ungahlulela impumelelo yomcimbi ngezinsuku eziyi-15. Kulokhu, izinso kufanele ligcine umbala wazo wemvelo futhi lenyuke, futhi i-petiole ingasuka kalula isuka esisekelweni noma iwele phansi.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama roses okhuphukayo:
Ukulungiselela nendawo yokukhosela ebusika
Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ekutshaleni ama-roses ukulungiselela ubusika. Noma ngabe kukhona ukumelana kwezinhlobo zezulu lokushisa okuphezulu okuqoshwe phansi, lo mqondo umayelana nekhono lesitshalo ukumelana nezinga elithile lokushisa eliphansi.
Usongo olungapheli kuma-roses ukuguquka kwezinga lokushisa njalo. nezinye izinhlekelele zobusika.
Ukulungiselela izitshalo ngo-Agasti, bayondla kusuka kumanyolo ancibilikisiwe ku-10 l wamanzi:
- superphosphate 25 g;
- potassium sulfate 10 g;
- Ama-boers 3.5 g.
IVolumu yenzelwe 4 m2. Kusukela ngo-Agasti akubandakanyi ukwethulwa komanyolo we-nitrogen.
Okunye ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zikaSepthemba, isixazululo samanzi se-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate (15 g / 15 g / 10 l). Ngasikhathi sinye, ukugawulwa kwamahlumela nokukhulunulwa kwenhlabathi kuyamiswa.
Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, izitshalo zisuswa kwizisekeli, amahlumela angavuthiwe ayanqunywa. Ngemuva kosuku, amabhakede esihlabathi ayi-2 athululelwa phakathi kwezihlahla. Ngemuva kwalokho, wonke amaqabunga ayasuswa futhi aphathwe ngesisombululo se-fungicidal.
Ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, izitshalo ziyasuswa kwizisekeli, kusetshenziswa amabhakede ama-2-3 esihlabathi phakathi kwezihlahla, wonke amaqabunga asusiweKuze kube yilapho amazinga okushisa esethelwe phansi ngaphansi kuka-0 ° C, amahlumela axhumeke esixukwini esisodwa. Ababuthene kugoqwe ukuze bangathinti umhlabathi futhi baqiniswa ngocingo.
Phezu kwamahlumela agobekile, izihlangu zokhuni zihlelwe ngendlela yophahlangokulungisa izikhonkwane. Ifilimu eminyene yepulasitiki ibekwa endaweni yokukhosela. Iziphetho zivaliwe kuphela ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, zilungiselelwe ngosayizi wezihlangu.
Umswakama uyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sasebusika sama roses, ngakho-ke akufanele uwele endaweni yokukhosela. Ukuze uvimbele amahlumela ukuthi ancibilike lapho kufudumala isikhathi eside, imikhawulo yendawo yokuhlala ivulwa kancane, kuthi lapho kusungulwa isimo sezulu esifanele, izihlangu zisuswa ngokuphelele.
Ngaphandle kwezici ezingacaciswanga ze-rose, abalimi abaningi bakhulisa ngempumelelo lezi zitshaloUkuguqula indawo ngemibala yayo egqamile nokubukeka okuhle.
Imfihlo yempumelelo yabo ilula - lokhu ukuqonda okujulile kwezimpawu, ulwazi oluhle nokuhambisana ngokuphelele nobuchwepheshe bezolimo besiko.
