Sitshala u-anyanisi

Akunandaba noma ingadi yakho inkulu noma incane, ihlala ifanela umhlobiso wezimbali: izimbali ezinomusa, imigoqo eyinkimbinkimbi noma imibhede emincane yezimbali. Izimbali zizoshintsha izimpilo zansuku zonke zibe ngamaholide, futhi iphunga nokukhanya kwemibala kuzodala umoya ohlukile wenjabulo futhi kukwenze kucace ukuthi impilo yayiphumelela.

I-Colchicum

IColchicum ikhula ezindaweni eziningi: eCentral Europe, eMedithera, eCentral Asia, eTurkey, eCrimea naseCaucasus. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-40 ze-colchicum zitholakele emvelweni. Ngokwesiko, i-colchicum enhle kakhulu yokuhlobisa ngezimbali ezipinki-lilac itholakala kakhulu - inani labo lisuka koyedwa kuya kokuthathu, futhi ukuphakama kwalo kuze kufike ku-5-16 cm. I-Autumn colchicum nayo ithandwa ngezimbali namaqabunga amancanyana kunezihlotsheni ezedlule.

Womabili ama-colchicum anesimo esimhlophe se-Alba, esidume ngezimpawu zawo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezinkulu eziphindwe kabili.

I-Colchicum. © Lotus Johnson

I-Bornmüller colchicum iyaphawuleka - inezimbali ezinezisekelo ezibomvana ngombala onsomi, ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4, ziqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili kaSepthemba kuze kube yiqhwa. I-Byzantine colchicum nayo idabuka e-Asia Minor; izimbali zikhulu, zipinki futhi ziningi (kufika ezingcebeni eziyi-15).

Indima enkulu ekwakheni ukuvumelana kwezimbali engadini idlalwa izitshalo ezinamandla. Zinezinzuzo eziningi: ngokunakekelwa okuncane, izimbali zazo zihlobisa ingadi phakathi nenkathi yehlobo. Izinhlobo eziningi "ikhadi lokushaya" lesikhathi esithile.

Isibonelo, ngemuva kobusika obude obandayo, kuvela izimbali zeqhwa (iGalanthus) - uphawu kwentwasahlobo nokushisa kokuqala. Kulandelwa yinsimu yezimbali (Leucojum), chionodoxes (Chionodoxa), izingwenya (uCrocus), ama-daffodils (uNarcissus) kanye nama-tulips okuqala (Tulipa). Ngo-Ephreli - Meyi, uhlelo lweMuscari kanye ne-hazel grouse ebukekayo (Fritillaria) kufanelekile: zingama-harbinger akhanyayo ehlobo. Iminsalo yokuhlobisa (i-Allium) iqhakaza kusuka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJulayi.

Ama-Crocuses kanye namaqhwa eqhwa. © 3268zauber

Ehlobo, i-airy inflorescences yaseKamassia (Camassia) iyaqhakaza, abalimi abambekayo bezinkukhu (i-Ornithogalum) ziyaqhakaza futhi zihehe ngemibala emnandi nephunga lamalulwane amakhulu (i-Lilium). Futhi kwi-colchicum yokuwa kanye ne-crocus enhle (i-Crocus speciosus) izembula izimbali zabo ezintekenteke.

Le nhlobonhlobo ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ama-bulbs engadini yakho yezimbali ukuze ukwazi ukuwajabulisa izinyanga eziyisithupha. Izitshalo eziningi zaleli qembu azinambitheki, futhi ziyohlala zithola indawo ngisho enkulisa encane kunazo zonke. Isibonelo, ungatshala u-anyanisi ophansi emngceleni wezitshalo ezinhle, lapho zigcwalisa izikhala ngaphambi kokuthuthuka nokuqhakaza komakhelwane bezikhathi zasendulo, futhi lezo, zimboza amaqabunga azo ehlobo ehlobo. Phakathi kwama-perennials aphezulu ungahlala uthola indawo yama-tulips, i-camassia, "i-minarets" ethambile yomzingeli wezinkukhu kanye no-anyanisi wokuhlobisa. Ezindaweni ezinezithunzi ngaphansi kwezihlahla nezihlahla, ungenza ikhaphethi eliqhakaza lwezitshalo ezinamagobolondo anganambitheki futhi aqine. IScilla azinakuphinda zenzelwe le nhloso - zinjengezinkanyezi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezimhlophe noma eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukhanye. Zivumelana nama-hionodoxes amhlophe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nopinki, imbali emhlophe yasentwasahlobo, futhi, okumangalisa kunazo zonke izimbali - i-colchicum ekwindale (Colchicum ekwindale).

Kamasia © Cliff

Indawo yokuhlala

Khumbula: umphumela wekhaphethi wezimbali ungatholakala kuphela ngokutshala inani elikhulu lama bulbs. Zonke anyanisi ezincane zinhle lapho kukhona eziningi zazo, futhi ngazinye azivezi umphumela oyifunayo. On the utshani kanye notshani, iziqhwaqhwa kanye izingwenya kubukeka kahle, ezindaweni rockeries futhi emagqumeni Alpine, izinhlobo engagciniwe yeminsalo zokuhlobisa ubukeka imvelo kakhulu. Lapho ukutshala otshanini, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi utshani abunakukhethwa kuze kuqedwe amaqabunga ezitshalo ezitshaliwe (ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni).

Ungakhuluma ngesinye salezi zitshalo ezinhle isikhathi eside kakhulu, kepha impahla eyinhloko yazo eziningi ukuthi azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ukuzondla njalo, ukuthunyelwa okuhlala njalo nendawo yokuhlala ebusika. Kepha noma kunjalo, eminye imithetho yezolimo elula idinga ukwazi. Kufanele kubhekwe ikakhulukazi ekufikeni.

Ama-Daffodils noScylla (Scilla). © Robert Frost

Ukuqala kwekwindla kusikhathi nje lapho, njengoba uKarel апapek abhala khona encwadini ethi "Unyaka Wokulungisa Ingadi," yisikhathi "sokubeka emhlabathini ukuthi iyiphi intwasahlobo okufanele ikuthole kuyo." Lokhu ikakhulukazi kumayelana nokutshalwa kwezitshalo ezinama-bulbous.

Indawo yokuhlala

Lapho wenza imibhede yezimbali, izitshalo ezinama-bulbous zingatshalwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esimweni sokuqala, yi "protagonist" eyinhloko, ngosizo lwabo ungakha ukwakheka kombala okuhle noma okucacile kwesizini. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, yonke imbali yezimbali itshalwa ngezitshalo zaminyaka yonke.

Esimweni sesibili, batshalwe ngemicu emide emincane phakathi kwama-perennials noma izihlahlana eziphansi nezihlahla. Entwasahlobo bayogcwalisa imibhede yezimbali ngezimbali zabo ezintekenteke ngokungafanele. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amaqabunga awo aphuzi acasha phakathi kwezinye izitshalo.

Umlimi wenkukhu. © Ulf Eliasson

Ukuthengwa nokugcinwa

Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthola ama-bulbs sisuka ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya kuSepthemba, lapho isibani siphumule. Lapho ukhetha ama-bulbs, kubalulekile ukuhlola isimo sawo. Kufanele zibe mnene futhi zibe nesisindo, ngama-membranes agcinwe, ngaphandle kwezimpande neziqu ezihlanganisiwe. Uma iziqu nezimpande zisaqala ukukhula, khona-ke izitshalo ezinjengalezi kufanele zitshalwe ngokushesha emhlabathini. Amabhuleki kufanele abe aphelele: ngaphandle kokusikeka nomonakalo. Ama-Donets kufanele futhi acine futhi ngaphandle kokubola. Ngisho nama-bulbu aphezulu ngaphezulu osikiwe, kepha angonakaliswa phansi nezinso, agcina ukusebenza kwawo. Musa ukuthenga kuphela ezikhubazekile, ukukhanya, ama ephukile. Izindawo ezithambile ezansi noma emaceleni ziyisibonakaliso sokuqala sokubola. Isibani esibolile cishe singenakwelapha.

Izinhlamvu ezithengiwe zigcinwa kuze kutshalwe endaweni epholile, kepha hhayi ebandayo. Uma ama-bullet engamboziwe ngesikali esomile se-membranous (iqhwa, imbali emhlophe, isikhuhlu, i-chionodox, i-pushkinia), ngakho-ke kungcono ukuzigcina ngo-Peat omile omncane noma sawdust ezikhwameni zepulasitiki ezinezimbobo. Ukuze izimpande zingaveli ngaphambi kwesikhathi, i-substrate lapho kugcinwa khona ama-bulb ayidingi ukuthambisa ngaphezulu. Ama-hyacinths, ama-tulips, ama-daffodils, ama-hazel grouse kanye nezinhlamvu zokuhlobisa atshalwe endaweni esivele isilungisiwe.

Muscari kanye Tulips. © UpstateNYer

Ukulungiselela ukufika

Lapho sikhulu ubukhulu bezinto zokutshala, siba namandla isitshalo futhi siqhakaza ngokwengeziwe. Amaphakeji anyanisi cishe njalo akhombisa usayizi wawo. Muva nje, qaphela, kungokwezifiso ukukhombisa ukujikeleza, hhayi ubukhulu, njengangaphambili.

Ukuvimbela izifo ezahlukahlukene, ama bullet afakwa kwikhambi le-foundationazole noma elinye i-ejenti elakhelwe ukulwa nezifo zokukhunta. Uma kungazelelwe imali enjalo ingekho, ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-potassium permanganate (5 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi) ukucubungula ama-bulbs imizuzu engama-20-30.

I-Hyacinth.

Umanyolo

Ekwindla, umquba owodwa unele. Umanyolo wamakhemikhali asetshenziswa kuphela entwasahlobo. Umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wenani lamagremu ayi-15-30 ngesikwele ngasinye kufanelekile kulokhu. Lezi zembatho eziphezulu zisetshenziswa kangcono ngendlela ye-liquid, efanelekile. Kepha kufanele uhlale ukhumbula ukuthi wonke amalesabe asaba umanyolo owedlulele. Ukusuka ekuqothulweni okuphezulu kukasawoti enhlabathini, izimpande zibola ngokushesha, okuholela ekufeni okuphelele kwezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukushiswa ngokweqile kunokuphuza ngokweqile.

Isikhathi sokufika

Amabhule eziqhakaza entwasahlobo angatshalwa ngoSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Nge ekwindla ende nokufudumele, ukufika kovunyelwe kuvunyelwe kuze kube ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Kepha akufanele kubambezelwe - kuyalulekwa ukuthi wenze wonke lomsebenzi ngaphambi kweqhwa.

Lilia Rosthorna. © Denis Barthel

Ama-Colchicians bekufanele afike ngo-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba; awukwazi ukuwadonsa! Lapho-ke, maphakathi no-Septhemba, kufanele zikujabulise ngezimbali zazo ezintekenteke.

Uhlobo lwenhlabathi nokudonsa

Amabhulethi awathandi umswakama ngokweqile. Inhlabathi ekahle kubo inesisindo esiphakathi, kepha itholakala ngokuswakama. Inhlabathi enesihlabathi idlula kahle amanzi, kepha ukwenza ngcono ukuzala kuyadingeka ukufaka umquba noma umanyolo kuyo. Uma inhlabathi iminyene kakhulu futhi namanzi egxumela kuyo, khona-ke ama angabola kuwo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kudingeka uthele ungqimba olungeziwe lwamanzi ayi-4-5 cm obukhulu besihlabathi esimahara, amatshe amatshe noma amatshe agremu emgodini wokutshala. Inhlabathi esindayo idinga ukumba kahle, engeza isihlabathi noma umquba.

Ukufakelwa

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala izitshalo ezinama-bulbous, kufanele ugaye ngokucophelela inhlabathi futhi, uma kunesidingo, engeza umquba. Akuvumelekile nakancane ukufaka indawo yomquba ngomquba omusha! Lokhu kungadala ukuqubuka kwezifo zokukhunta kumabhuleki. Faka u-anyanisi omkhulu emgodini ukuze ukhombe phansi naphansi. Ama-anyanisi amancane angahlwanyelwa.

Umnduze omhlophe. © Beentree

Ukujula kokufakelwa

Ngokuphathelene nokujula kokutshala, kunomthetho owamukelwa ngokuvamile: isibani kufanele sitshalwe endaweni ephakeme kathathu ukuphakama kwaso. Kumabhule amakhulu, anjengeminduze, ama-tulips, i-grouse yombusi, ukujula kokutshala kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-20 cm, futhi kukhulu kakhulu - kuze kufike ku-25 cm. Kumabhuleki amancanyana, njengamaqhwa eqhwa, ama-muscari, ama-chionodoxes, amasikezi noma izingwenya, ukujula cishe i-5-10 cm.

Ibanga phakathi kwama-bulbs

Ama-bulbs amakhulu adinga ibanga elide kunalelincane. Amabhule amakhulu kufanele atshalwe kubude obungaba ngu-12 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, futhi amancanyana kude nebanga le-5-7 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi nendawo, noma inani lamabhuleyitha ngalinye lesikwele, kuncike kakhulu ekutheni ufuna ukufeza muphi umphumela. Ukuze uthole isithombe semvelo, "esibuyisele emuva", sitshize ama amabanga amabanga ahlukile komunye nomunye. Ama bulbs amaningana angatshalwa ngokudlulele kusuka kwabanye. Uma ufuna umphumela wensimu yezimbali eyi-monolithic, tshala ama-bulbs kude nebanga ngalinye. Inani lamamitha ngesikwele ngasinye sincike ngosayizi wabo futhi lisusela ezingxenyeni ezingama-50 zama-tulips nama-daffodils kanye nezitshalo ezingama-400 "anyanisi omncane".

Amanzi nesithwathwa

Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala kunesimo sezulu esifudumele nesomile, khona-ke ama-bulbs atshaliwe kufanele aniselwe ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzosheshisa ukukhula kwezimpande futhi izitshalo zizoba ngcono ebusika. Kungcono ukumboza noma yiziphi izitshalo ezisanda kutshalwa ekwindla ngonyaka wokutshala ubusika ngamaqabunga awileyo noma ama-peat moss. Kuyinto efiselekayo ngokukhethekile ukwenza lokhu uma ukubamba sekwephuze kakhulu noma uma kuba nesithwathwa esibi ebusika. Eminyakeni elandelayo, indawo yokukhosela ayidingi ukwenziwa, kepha i-peat moss isetshenziswa minyaka yonke njengesendlalelo se-mulching.

Ukufakelwa

Amabhule atshalwe enhlabathini angahlala endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingana. Ukufakelwa kuyadingeka uma izidleke ze-bulb ezakhiwe eminyakeni edlule zikhule kakhulu futhi ziphazamisana. Kulokhu, indawo yokondleka iba yanele futhi izimbali ziba zincane. Ngokuvamile, ezitshalweni ezisakazeka ngokushesha, lesi sidingo sivela ngonyaka we-3-4 (i-crocus, i-bluebill, i-chionodox, i-muscari), ngenkathi sisitshalo esisebenza kancane (i-hazel grouse, kandyk) - ngonyaka we-6-8. Lapho ukufakelwa, izitshalo zemba ngaphandle kwenhlabathi kuphela lapho ingxenye engenhla ifa ngokuphelele. Amabhuleki ahlanzwa isikali esidala nezimpande bese kubekwa ungqimba olulodwa egumbini elomile, elinomoya opholile.

Ukuhlanzeka

Manje abalimi abaningi abanomdlandla, ukuze bangaphuthelwa izitshalo ebusika, bayakwazi ukubenza baqhume ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekwindla, kukhethwe ama ama ngokukhethekile atshalwe ezitsheni (amabhodwe, amabhokisi, izimbali zezimbali). Ukutshala ama bulbs kulula kakhulu. Udinga ukukhetha imbiza encane noma ibhokisi elinomgodi wokudonsa ngaphansi. Izimbobo kufanele zimbozwe ngotshwala abaningana futhi zibeke ubumba olunwetshiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamanzi amaningi ngokweqile. Emva kwalokhu, gcwalisa umgqomo ngomhlaba ngokwengxenye. Inhlabathi ingahluka - iqabunga noma umquba. Sebenzisa inhlabathi engadini eningi ukutshala ama-bulbs ekujuleni okudingayo. Izimbali ze-Bulb ezikhule ezitsheni zingatshalwa kaningi kunalokho okuchaziwe ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azithinti izindonga zesitsha noma omunye komunye. Izinto zokutshala zigcinwa kuqala emazingeni okushisa angama-20-25 ° C, kuthi emva kuka-Okthoba 1 - emazingeni okushisa ayi-17 ° C. Isikhathi sokupholisa singamaviki ama-5 ngokushisa kwe-9 ° C, bese kuba ngamaviki ayi-11-12 ku-5 ° C (kwezinye izimo, ukwehla kuya ku-1-2 ° C kuyenziwa). Ngaphambi kokutshala, impahla iyabulala amagciwane. Amabhuleki kufanele atshalwe ezitsheni ezilungiselelwe ukugcwaliswa kwegazi kusuka ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuya kuLwezi kuya ekujuleni okufanako nasengadini - ukuphakama kwama-bulb amabili noma amathathu. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi ithululelwa kahle, kepha bese igcinwa isesimweni esilinganiselwe somswakama, ikakhulukazi lapho kubanda. Ngenxa yesikhathi sokuthambekela okufushane, ukugqoka okuphezulu akudingekile. Ukuqhakaza kwenzeka cishe amasonto angama-3-4 ngemuva kokushisa kukhuphukela ku-12-15 ° C.

Ubunzima

Izitshalo ezinama-bulbous zingenye yamaqembu ezimbali anwebeka emhlabeni wonke. Abaningi babo bahlobisa izingadi zethu, yize bona uqobo bevela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene nezimo zezulu. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwabo kukhona "abamhlophe" futhi "osisi." Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-hazel grouse (Fritillaria). Singasho ukuthi lezi zitshalo zinhle, kepha zilungele kakhulu abalimi abasebenza kakhulu.

Umuhle engadini kanye neminduze yasemuva. Ubuhle bazo obumangazayo nephunga elimangalisayo ngokuqinisekile kuzodonsela ukunaka kwabo bonke omakhelwane. Kepha, ngeshwa, nazo zingcono kakhulu kubalimi abanamava nababekezelele kakhulu abanesineke. Uma ukhula iminduze yasendabuko ngesiko lama-perennial (tshala emhlabathini futhi ungabhuli iminyaka engama-3-4), khona-ke njalo ekwindla udinga ukumboza ngefilimu evela ezimvula ezibandayo nezisindayo. Futhi ebusika udinga indawo yokukhosela ekhanyayo (ngokufanele - udoti ohlangene).

Amaningi amaningi anikeza i-self-seeding. Kujabulisa umuntu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukusatshalaliswa kwezitshalo kungqubuzana futhi kungaziphazamisi kungaphazamisa iphethini eqinile yengadi yezimbali. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, udinga ukususa izimbali ezivele zivele ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngenkathi ushiya amaqabunga aphezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, hhayi kuphela inani lamabhulethi alawulwayo, kepha futhi kukhona ukunqwabelana okukhulu kwezakhi zomzimba zokuqhakaza esikhathini esizayo.

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