Ama-cherries amnandi, avuthwa kuqala athandwa ngabaningi. Abalimi bacabanga ukuthi bangakhula kanjani ama-cherries amnandi embewini, ngasizathu simbe angakwazi ukufinyelela izithombo ezihlukile noma labo abangenandaba nokubheka ukuthi ukuphela kwalokho kugcina kanjani.
Izici zam Cherry etshalwe emigodini
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesihlobo esiseduze kakhulu, ama-cherries, ama-cherries awanciphi ubusika futhi ngesimo sasendle awatholakali enyakatho eningizimu ye-Ukraine, Moldova, Kuban. Ukuze "uthambise" ubuhle baseningizimu, ukumfundisa ukuthi athele izithelo ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esithe xaxa futhi anikeze izitshalo ezinzile, abafuyi bezitshalo bakha amasiga kanye nzalo, kufaka phakathi izitshalo ezihlanganisa izakhiwo zamakhelhi nama-cherries. Ukuzimela sekuyinkokhelo yokutholwa kwezakhiwo eziwusizo. Lokho wukuthi, impova engadini itshalwe izihlahla eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, efanelekile isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali.
Kungenzeka yini ukukhulisa i-sweet cherry kusuka etsheni? Yebo, kepha kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthola izinhlobonhlobo zazo. Kungenzeka ukuthi imbewu evela ebhusha elikhulu elimnandi ekugcineni ibe yinyoni yasendle enezithelo ezincane ze-tart.
Noma kunjalo, isithombo esinjalo, ngokuqhathanisa nezithombo ezithengiwe, sinezinzuzo eziningi ezizosiza umlimi ukuthi athole isitshalo esiqinile nesithela kamuva:
- ngokuqina kobusika;
- ngezimo ezihle kakhulu zezimo zasendaweni;
- ngokuncipha kokuncipha kwezifo ezivamile zezithelo zamatshe.
Ama-cherry amnandi amancane azokhiqiza izithelo, kepha ngenxa yalezi zimfanelo, izihlahla zinenzuzo enkulu ukuyisebenzisa njengamasheya ama-grower kanye nama-hybrids.
Izinhlobo ezimbili kwesinye isikhathi zifakwa kwizitshalo ezikhulile ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba okuvota, okuvumela ngaphandle kokukhulisa izindleko zokutshala abavukuzayo ukuze kukhule isivuno.
Ukukhetha kanye nokulungiselela imbewu emnandi ye-cherry
Ukuhluma ezitsheni eziningi zamatshe kuhle kakhulu. Kuma-drupes ayi-10, ama-cherries ama-7-8 akha ihlumela eliqinile nelisebenzayo. Ukuthi ama-cherries akhula kusuka embewini kuya ngokuya ngekhwalithi yembewu nokuzilungiselela kwayo okuyikho.
Ukuze wandise amathuba, kungcono ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithelo ezivuthiwe noma ezilahlekile kakade. Lapho kuqeda ithambo, kuzolula kakhulu. Imbewu eyomile egcinwe kusuka kwisizini edlule ayifanele. Kodwa yini okufanele uyenze, ngoba ukutshala engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo kuzoholela ekunciphiseni kwamahlumela, okuthi phakathi nobusika kugijimise ubungozi bokuthi weluleke noma ufe?
Kuyenzeka ukuthi ulondoloze ukuhluma namandla ezinhlamvu ngokuzifaka esihlabathini esivele sinamanzi futhi ngaphambili sibaliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngale ndlela, i-drupe kulula ukuyithumela ukuze ihlukane, ebusika ebusika ngokwezimo zemvelo futhi izolungiselela imibungu ngaphakathi kwamagobolondo ukuze ihlume ibe nobungane.
Ukudonswa kweziqholo kwe-cherry emnandi ngaphambi kokutshala
Ezifundeni ezihlukile, ukulungiswa kwezimbewu ezimnandi ze-cherry ngaphambi kokuzitshala emhlabathini kunomehluko omkhulu. Eningizimu esekude, ifushane isikhathi sokuqina futhi maningi amathuba okuthola amahlumela aqinile ngesikhathi sekwindla kunokutshala kwentwasahlobo:
- ECrimea, eningizimu ye-Ukraine, eKuban naseKrasnodar Territory, ukutshala amasheya kugcinwa esihlabathini esimanzi kuze kube ekwindla. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-drupes ebusika kahle ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, bese kuvela amahlumela entwasahlobo.
- Eningizimu yeSifunda Esimnyama, esifundeni iRostov kanye naseStavropol Territory, ama-drupes abesendaweni evundile enezinyanga ezi-5. Futhi kusukela ekwindla sekwephuzile, amathambo abhekana nokuqina kwezimo zemvelo.
- Emgqeni ophakathi nobusika, zinamandla kakhulu imbewu, ngakho-ke zigcinwa izinyanga eziyisithupha emazingeni okushisa angama-1-5 ° C esihlabathini, ingxube enesihlabathi noma i-vermiculite, futhi ihlwanyelwe enhlabathini ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa.
Ngaphambi kokuba imbewu iqale ukuqina, iphathwa ngama-fungicides. Lesi silinganiso sandisa ukulondolozwa kwabo, sivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokubumba okuzalela kalula esitsheni esivaliwe esinomswakama omkhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuhluma kwembewu, ama-cherries ahlolwa njalo, ahlungwe futhi anziwe. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, iziqukathi ezinembewu zilethwa ziyiswa kuvulandi noma egcekeni, lapho zifafazwa khona yiqhwa.
Ungayitshala kanjani imbewu emnandi ye-cherry?
Lapho amagobolondo ehlukana futhi kuvela ihlumela phakathi kwabo, isikhathi sokutshala sifika. Ukukhulisa i-sweet cherry kusuka etsheni ekhaya, uzodinga:
- imbiza yepulasitiki noma yodaka enobunzima okungenani bamalitha ayi-0,5;
- amanzi, athululelwa phansi ngesendlalelo esingu-3-4 cm;
- inhlabathi enempilo yokudla kwezilimo zezithelo.
Imbewu itshalwe emhlabathini omanzi, ohlangene kancane kuze kufike ku-1 cm, bese ufafazwa nge-substrate bese uphinde ufakwa umswakama. Uma izithombo ze-Drupe zitshalwe esitsheni esijwayelekile, kufakwa igebe lokungenani elingama-10-15 cm. Lapho izithombo zikhula, ziyagobhoza bese zidlulisela esitsheni esikhulu.
Kuze kube unyaka, izihlahla ezincane azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngaphandle kokunisela futhi ejwayelekile, kepha ukuvula umhlabathi ngokucophelela. Inhlabathi kufanele inyiswe njengoba imile ingaphezulu, futhi uma izithombo zikhula obala, bese kuthi njalo emavikini ayi-2-3.
Ukwakheka komqhele kuqala onyakeni wesibili, okubaluleke kakhulu uma lesi sitshalo siqhubeka nokukhula ebhodweni. Umuthi we-cherry okhulile uphinde udluliselwe esitsheni esikhulu.
Ukungenisa i-cherry emnandi
Ukutshala okusakhula kuphenduka isihlahla esisha, esingaqhakaza iminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu bese sakhe isibeletho sokuqala. Kodwa-ke, akunakulinganiswa ngekhwalithi noma ngobukhulu obungenakuqhathaniswa nomzali. Ungakhula kanjani i-sweet cherry kusuka etsheni, okuyinto njalo ehlobo inganikeza ikotishi lasehlobo ukusakazwa kwezithelo ezimnandi?
Ukuphela kwendlela yokugoma. Kungenziwa ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala. Njengokuxhunyelelwa, ungakhetha ukukhetha noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezitholakalayo, ezibekelwe indawo enikezwe.
Ezikhuni ezincane ezinobukhulu, kulula kakhulu ukugomela kuhlukaniso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela kusengaphambili isibambo esikhanyisiwe ngezinso eziningana ezinempilo bese usinquma, wenza ukusika okuhlanzekile okusikiwe. Isitoko sifushane, sishiya cm 15-18 kusuka ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi.
Ukuze kugonywe imbewu yabo emnandi ye-cherry ukuze iphumelele, kubalulekile ukuzigcina uhlanzekile. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, amathuluzi ayagezwa futhi ahlanzwe ngotshwala. Inhlabathi akufanele iwele ezingxenyeni ezibushelelezi.
I-Cleavage esiqwini sesithombo sezinkuni yenziwa ekujuleni kuka-3-4 cm, okuzoqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokusinda okungcono. Lapho nje izinkuni sezihlanganisiwe, isiza sokuxhunyelelwa silungiswa ngamathayiphu wokufaka, ukunamathela eceleni, noma okunye okufana nalokho. Okulandelayo ukucutshungulwa kwe-var var yengadi.
Iqiniso lokuthi umsebenzi obalulekile waphumelela libonakaliswa ngokuvela kwamahlamvu amancane ngenhla kwendawo yokugoma. Ukusuka kulo mzuzu, udinga ukubheka ukungezwani kwe-harness bese uthambisa umuthi kancane kancane ukuze uhlale uvulekile. I-cherry ehlanganisiwe idluliselwa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo, kuya ngendawo yokuhlala yegadi.
