Ngenxa yokubukeka okungajwayelekile kwe-nolin (ufezela), inawo namanye amagama - "Umlenze weNdlovu", "Umsila wehhashi". Isiqu se-nolina sifana nebhodlela, kulokhu futhi kunegama lesithathu - "Isihlahla Samabhodlela". Ukuqina engxenyeni engezansi yesiqu kusiza ukuqongelela umswakama. Amaqabunga e-nolina mancane, amade, anendawo ekhomba.
URod Nolin (UNolina), noma iBokarney (I-Beaucarnea) inezinhlobo ezingama-30 zezitshalo zomndeni wakwa-Agave (I-Agavaceae), evamile eNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi eMexico.
UNolina (Nolina) noma uBokarneya (Beaucarnea). © RobertNgokuvamile lezi zihlahla eziphansi ezinesisekelo sokuvuvukala kakhulu sesiqu. Lokhu kuqhakaza kuyindlela yokugcina amanzi ephumelelayo futhi kuvumela ama-nolins ukuba aphile ezindaweni lapho lina khona ngokoqobo kanye noma kabili ngonyaka. Amaqabunga amade, amancane kakhulu asiza futhi ukuba aphile kulezo zimo, enokwazi ukubutha ngamaqhubu aminyene ekushiseni okwedlulele futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, anciphisa kakhulu indawo eshisayo.
Abanye osomatekisi babandakanya nohlobo lweBokarneya kuhlobo lweNolin (I-Beaucarnea) womndeni ofanayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zemihlobiso ejwayelekile zaziwa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamagama amaningana, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobo zeBeaucarnea recurvata nazo zaziwa njengeNolina recurvata (imvamisa igama lokuqala lithathwa njengelisebenzayo).
INolina, noma ebizwa ngokuthi yiBokarney, ingaba nentshisekelo njengesitshalo esisodwa esinde esingakhuli. Isisekelo se-blob-like bulb sigcina amanzi, ngakho-ke ukuntuleka kwesikhashana komswakama ezimpandeni ngeke kusilimaze isilimo. Ngenxa yalokhu kusekelwa, lesi sitshalo sathola igama lesiNgisi elidumile "umlenze wendlovu", futhi ngenxa yomqhele wamaqabunga amade njenge-strap - "umsila wehhashi". INolina mhlawumbe isihlahla samabhodlela esivame kakhulu emakethe yaseRussia.
“Izihlahla zamabhodlela,” okusho ukuthi, izitshalo ezinesiqu esigcina umswakama esiqhakaze phansi, zithandwa kakhulu ngabathandi bezitshalo zasendlini. Izizathu zalokhu kuthandwa kulula ukunakekelwa, ukukhuthazela kwezihlahla zamabhodlela ukomisa umoya kanye nobubanzi bezinga lokushisa, futhi, ngokubukeka, okungajwayelekile. I-nolina (bokarneya) ebabazekayo ikakhulukazi emakamelweni anokwakheka kwesimanje (ngezitayela zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme kanye ne-fusion), isetshenziswa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, amagatsha e-nolin (scorpion) ngemuva kokuqhakaza, noma kunjalo, amaDutchman angenayo afinyelela umphumela ofanayo ngesikhathi esifushane ngokusebenzisa i-haircut. Isiqu esikhulu (esilinganiselwa ku-1 m ububanzi) sithweswe umqhele ngamaqembu amaningi amahle emifino egelezayo. Yebo, i-nolina enkulu, eyakheke kahle ibiza imali eningi. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukuthengisa izitshalo ezincane, zizibeka eziningana embizeni eyodwa. Ukutshala okunjalo kushibhile, kepha kungathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwesizini ukwakha "umuthi webhodlela" ojwayelekile. Emakamelweni, ukuletha i-nolin kwezimbali kunzima kakhulu.
I-Thinner (Beaucarnea gracilis), noma u-nolina omncane (uNolina gracilis). © ZrudaIzimpande ze-nolin zikhula ngobubanzi, kepha hhayi ngokujula (ezweni lelo sitshalo esingajwayelekile sitholakala kunhlabathi enamadwala enengqimba evundile engavundile). Ngalesi sizathu, ama-nolins adinga izitsha ezibanzi ne-drainage enhle. Ungathela ungqimba lukadrako ocolekile phezu kwenhlabathi yomhlabathi, okuzovimbela ukwakheka kokuqhuma futhi ugcizelele izimfanelo zokuhlobisa ze-nolin.
Ukunakekelwa kukaNolina ekhaya
INolina, noma iBokarneya isitshalo esingateketeki, futhi akunzima ukuyikhulisa nakubaqalayo abathanda izimbali zasendlini. Izizwa ingcono endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe. Esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika, kuyadingeka ukukhanyisela isitshalo ngamalambu we-fluorescent.
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, i-nolin (bokarneya) ibekezelela amazinga okushisa asekamelweni kahle. Kuzo zonke izikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi aqinisekise ukuthi akukho okusalungiswa, ubekezelela kabi.
Ehlobo, lesi sitshalo singadedelwa emoyeni ovulekile, kodwa kufanele sibekwe kahle ukuze sivikeleke emoyeni nasemvuleni.
Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, ukuze lesi sitshalo singene enkathini yokushisa, izinga lokushisa lehliswa kancane kancane liye ku-10 ° C. Uma nje unesipiliyoni ekukhuleni kwe-cacti kanye nama-apulents, ungaqukatha i-nolin esikhathini kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuJanuwari emazingeni okushisa angama-3 ... 5 ° C, kuleli zinga lokushisa elenzelwe isikhathi sokushisa.
INolina longifolia (Nolina longifolia). © Stephking56Ezweni lakubo, ama-nolins akhula ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-3,000 ngaphezu kolwandle, lapho ebusuku umoya uphola uye kumanani amabi, ngakho-ke angabekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi impela womoya. Imvamisa, ezimweni zasekamelweni, akuwona wonke umuntu onethuba lokuhlinzeka nge-nolin (ingilazi eningi) ngeqondo lokushisa elifanele isikhathi sokuphumula, futhi ligcinwa ngaphandle kwalo. Emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, lesi sitshalo asingeni isikhathi sokuphakama, futhi siqhubeka nokukhula; ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukunikeza ukukhanyiswa okuhle ku-nolin.
Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, i-nolina (ebomvu) kufanele iniselwe kakhulu, kungakuhle ukusebenzisa ukuthambisa okungaphansi (yehlisa imbiza ngesitshalo esitsheni samanzi, bese uyikhipha lapho ungqimba ongaphezulu wesikhwanyana esingezansi ukhanya, vumela amanzi amaningi ukuba akhishwe futhi abeke endaweni engapheli). Ukunisela okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe lapho inhlama yobumba ibomile ngokuphelele. Uma ugcina i-nolin ekwindla nasebusika emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuphumula, kumele iniselwe ngendlela efanayo nasehlobo. Ekushiseni okuphezulu ebusika, khulisa umswakama womoya, ngezikhathi ezithile fafaza amaqabunga. Ukunisela kufanele kube nomkhawulo (ekushiseni kwe-10 ... 15 ° C), noma kumiswe ngokuphelele (emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-10 ° C) uma une-nolin emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi kuyisikhathi sokuphumula. Akufanele ukhohlwe ukuthi amanzi amaningi we-nolin, njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo ezivela ogwadule, angabulala (ukufaka amanzi ebusika kuyingozi kakhulu ukuze kugwemeke lokhu, abalimi abaningi basebenzisa ukunisela ngokudonswa amanzi).
UBokarneya ugobe (uBeaucarnea recurvata), noma uNolina wagobeka (uNolina recurvata). © UMark MaunoEzimweni zasekamelweni, i-nolin ayidingi ukufafazwa, kepha amaqabunga kufanele asulwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngesiponji esithambile. Emvelweni, ama-nolins akhipha amanzi ngokuqoqa amazwibela amaningi enziwa ezindaweni ahlala kuzo. Abaqoqa umswakama bangamaqabunga abo amade amise okomhlana, okuthe kuwo amazolo ehla aze afike enkabeni yomqhele futhi adlulele esiqwini kuya ezimpandeni. Lokhu kunciphisa ukunxenxa ukusilela okungapheli kwamanzi emvula, okuyisimo sezwe labo. Ungalingisa amazolo ngokufafaza umqhele ngamanzi abilayo afudumele. Kepha ungenzi lokhu ntambama esishisayo. Isikhathi esihle amahora asekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Eminyakeni yokuqala, ama-nolins (bokarneys) akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi lapho eseneminyaka engu-6- 6 aphenduka izitshalo ezinkulu zangaphandle ezandleni ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo okwengeziwe akwenzi umqondo omkhulu. Uma usunesifiso sokondla isitshalo sakho, bese usebenzisa izingxube zezimbiwa ezingamanzi. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kanye njalo emavikini amathathu. Yenza ukugcotshwa kukamanyolo oseqediwe izikhathi ezingama-1.5-2 kunokukhonjiswa kwiphakheji. Kuyacaca ukuthi konke ukugqoka kungenziwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kwesitshalo futhi kuphela emva kokuphuza okuningi ngamanzi ahlanzekile. I-nitrogen ethe xaxa iholela ekunciphiseni kobunzima beqabunga. Ungasuthisa ukumnika okuhlanjululwe kakhulu womanyolo we-organic (i-mullein ifakwa kwisilinganiselo esingu-20: 20).
Ekutshaleni i-nolin njalo sebenzisa izitsha eziqinile, ezibanzi kepha ezingashoni. Ngaphansi kwaso kumele kube khona umgodi wokudonsa kwamanzi. Kuhlanganiswe ungqimba lwamatshe amatshe amancane noma ubumba olwandisiwe ngaphezulu. Konke lokhu kuzogwema ukwakheka kokuqina kwamanzi, okuholela ekuholeni kokubola kwezimpande. Izimpande ze-nolin zikhula ngobubanzi, kepha hhayi ngokujula (ezweni lelo sitshalo esingajwayelekile sitholakala kunhlabathi enamadwala enengqimba evundile engavundile). Ngalesi sizathu, ama-nolins adinga izitsha ezibanzi ne-drainage enhle. Ungathela ungqimba lukadwala ocolekile phezu kwenhlabathi yomhlabathi, ozovimbela ukwakheka kwengqimba futhi ugcizelele izimfanelo zokuhlobisa ze-nolina (bokarney).
Ukufakelwa kwe-nolin kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuzilolisisa ngokuphelele nezimpande zesiphunga somhlaba. Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, abantu abadala - kanye emva kweminyaka engama-3-4. Watshalwa ekujuleni okufanayo njengoba wawunjalo ngaphambili. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, izinsuku zokuqala ezingama-3-4 akufanele ziniselwe nge-nolin. Ukusheshisa ukukhula, kanye ngonyaka entwasahlobo kunconywa ukuthi udlulise i-nolin encane ebhodweni elikhudlwana (amasentimitha angama-2-4 ngaphezulu). Ingxube yenhlabathi idinga ukukhululeka, isibonelo, i-peat, umhlaba wamaqabunga, isihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 1: 2, noma: umhlaba we-turf, umhlaba wamaqabunga, humus, Peat nesihlabathi (1: 1: 1: 1: 1). Ungenza ingxube yenhlabathi yengadi nesihlabathi esihlanganayo ngokufaka ukhiye omuhle.
INolina (bokarneya) isitshalo esifanele indlela yokulima ye-hydroponic.
Amaqabunga e-nolina. © I-DropsikUkuzala nolina
Ukusabalalisa i-nolin kunzima impela. Indlela enkulu ukuhlwanyela imbewu, abakhiqizi baseHolland abahlanganyela kuyo. Uma uthenge ama-nolins amaningana ebhodweni elilodwa, ungawatshala ezimbizeni ezihlukile. Ngezinye izikhathi efihlekile yakamuva uvuka ezansi ihlumela, izinqubo zazo ukuvuka kubo. Ungazama ukusabalalisa izinqubo ezilandelwayo.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kwe-nolina
Imbewu ifakwe emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24-48, ingafakwa kwi-epin noma zircon. Etshalwe endaweni emanzi engaphansi kwe-peat nesihlabathi (ngokwesilinganiso 1: 1). Imbewu ibekwa phezu komhlaba, ifafazwe ngengqimba yomhlabathi omncane, kodwa ukuze ungqimba lwembewu lilingane nosayizi wembewu. Ukumila imbewu ye-nolin, ukukhanya kuyadingeka, isitsha esinezinhlamvu sibekwa ngaphansi kwamalambu we-fluorescent.
Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lokuhluma liyi + 21 ... 25 degrees, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-20. Ngokuvamile imbewu imila emva kwamasonto ayi-3-4. Kuyadingeka ukuqapha umswakama we-substrate, akufanele kube manzi kakhulu, isimo esinemvula esifanelekile. Isitsha esinezinhlamvu singambozwa ngengilazi noma ngesikhwama, lapho kuvela ukuvuvukala, kubalulekile ukufafaza isitsha ngokususa indawo yokukhosela.
Lapho izithombo ziba namandla, zidonswa ezimbizeni ezihambelana nosayizi we-nolin seedling. Ingxube yenhlabathi idinga ukukhululeka, isibonelo, i-peat, umhlaba wamaqabunga, isihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso se-1: 1: 2, noma: umhlaba we-turf, umhlaba wamaqabunga, humus, Peat nesihlabathi (1: 1: 1: 1: 1). Ungenza ingxube yenhlabathi yengadi nesihlabathi esihlanganayo ngokufaka ukhiye omuhle. Ungasebenzisa futhi izingcezwana ezenziwe ngomumo ezenziwe nge-nolin (bokarney).
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kufana nesitshalo esidala.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-nolin ngezinqubo ezilandelanayo
Lapho kusakazwa izinqubo ezilandelwayo, inqubo esetshenziswayo iyaphuka ngokucophelela. Zigxilwe emgodini oswakeme owenziwe nge-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-perlite (vermiculite). Imbiza igcwele ingxube emanzi, ichotshoziwe bese kuthi okufakwayo kwenziwe ngesikhonkwane. Inqubo itshalwa ezitolo bese umhlabathi ucindezelwa eduze kwawo. Inqubo etshaliwe imbozwe nge-cap esobala futhi ibekwe endaweni efudumele. Kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lingakapheli u-21 ... 26 ° С, njalo ufafaze futhi uvule umoya. Lapho amaqabunga amasha evela esitshalweni esinezimpande, isigaxa siyasuswa, bese isitshalo esijwayelekile sijwayela izimo ezintsha zokunakekelwa.
Nolina matapensis. © Coral AloeIzinhlobo zeNolina
Yize kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 zohlobo lweNolin, ikakhulukazi ziya ezitolo UNolina ugobe (UNolina recurvata), eyaziwa nangokuthi UBokarneya ugobe (Beaucarnea recurvata) Isiqu sesiqondile, sinwebela phansi, sakha ukuqina kwe-bulbous. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, isiqu sifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-8-10 - isithombe, isisekelo siphakeme ngamamitha ayi-1. Ngokwesiko lamagumbi abamba ukushisa, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuvame kungabi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.5. Engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo kukhona isithungu esinamaqabunga amade awugqinsi ofinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude . Amaqabunga amade futhi aqinile e-nolina eMexico asetshenziselwa ukufaka obhasikidi nezigqoko ezidumile ze-sombrero. Ingxenye engezansi yesiqu iyavezwa futhi imbozwe ngendwangu kakhokho ebushelelezi evikela ekuhwamukeni kwamanzi.
Nolina longifolia (Nolina longifolia) kanye UNolina omncane (UNolina microcarpa) atholakala emagumbini okugcina izithombo ezifuywayo naseziqiwini zoLwandle Olumnyama eCaucasus naseCrimea. Lapho ungavuma ama-inflorescence amade we-nolin aqhamuka ezimbali eziningi ezincane.
INolina (bokarneya) isitshalo esingenamusa, futhi akukho nzima ukusikhulisa nakubaqalayo abathanda izimbali zasendlini. Izizwa ingcono endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe.
Nolina Parry © Spidra WebsterIzifo nezinambuzane ze-nolina
Ama-indoor wolins awangeneki kakhulu ezifweni futhi izinambuzane azihlali kuwo njalo. Ku-nolina (bokarneya), ukunakekela ukunakekelwa okufanele kuyisisekelo sokuthola isitshalo esinempilo, futhi isisekelo sokushiya i-nolin siyanisela. Ngokunisela ngokweqile kwesibaya, inezindawo zayo zokugcina umswakama ku-caudex futhi amaqabunga avumelana nezimo ze-semi-desert, azikwazi ukuthola umswakama owedlulele. Amaqabunga awo aqala ukumbozwa izindawo ezinsundu, amahlumela abe athambile, izimpande zibole.
Ukunisela ngokweqile emazingeni okushisa aphansi nokuntuleka kokukhanya kuyingozi ikakhulukazi. Ungazama ukonga isitshalo esinjalo. Nquma zonke izingxenye ezibolile, zibaphathe nge-carbon esebenze kanye nokufakelwa i-nolin enhlabathini entsha eyomile. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, musa ukuhambisa amanzi okungenani isonto, bese unisela ngokulinganisela.
Uma ama-nolins enamaqabunga omisiwe, imbangela ingaba umoya omile kakhulu noma izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu. Kulokhu, ungafafaza lesi sitshalo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, umswakama kufanele uwe kuphela emaqabungeni, hhayi esiqwini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amabala ansundu avela esiqwini, angabola. Amahlamvu nawo omile ngenxa yokunisela okungandile kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi zomsoco enhlabathini. Amacembe amadala aphansi ayoma, okujwayelekile futhi akufanele kubangele ukukhathazeka. Kuzo zonke izimo, amaqabunga omisiwe ngisho namathiphu amaqabunga omisiwe atholakala kangcono.
Izinambuzane ezihlasela nolina (scorpion) ziyizicabucabu ezithanda umoya ofudumele owomile, izinambuzane ezikalwa ngezikelemu, izibungu, ama-thrips. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokubasusa ukugcina isitshalo sihlanzekile, sula amaqabunga ngesipanji esimanzi, bese sifafaza lesi sitshalo ngomoya owomile kakhulu. Izikelemu zisuswa emaqabungeni ngensangu enesisombululo sikagwayi. Ama-thrips kanye nemikhaza iyafa lapho lesi sitshalo siphathwa nge-infusion ye-Dalmatia chamomile noma insecticides. Ukulwa nezinambuzane kulula emigudwini yokuqala yomonakalo, ngakho-ke hlola izitshalo njalo bese uqala ukulwa lapho kuvela izinambuzane zokuqala.
