Izifo nezilokazane kubangela ukulimala okukhulu kwama roses, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kuholele ekufeni kwabo. Ngakho-ke, impi yokulwa namagciwane nezinambuzane kufanele inikezwe ukunakwa okukhulu kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi nangendlela efanele kwamasu ezolimo nezindlela zokuzivikela kuyisisekelo sokuvikela izitshalo. Kulesi sihloko sizame ukuqoqa imininingwane ngazo zonke izifo ezivame kakhulu nezinambuzane zama roses, futhi, sihlinzeke umfundi uhlu oluphelele lwezikhali zokusebenzelana nazo.
URose.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuvimbela isiko ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni, udinga ukukhumbula impilo yakho. Ukuze uyilondoloze, ama-pesticides (ama-pesticides) kufanele asetshenziswe, kugcinwa imithetho eyisisekelo: sebenzisa izivikelambumbulu, amagilavu enjoloba, sebenzisa izidakamizwa kuphela kumthamo obekiwe. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, geza izandla nobuso ngensipho nangamanzi.
Izinambuzane zama roses
Izinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhula kwama-roses, lapho ama-buds, amaqabunga, amahlumela nezimbali zikhula emahlathini asebenza njengokudla kwezibungu noma izinambuzane ezindala. Izitshalo ikakhulukazi zidinga ukuvikelwa ngalesi sikhathi.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziququda ama-roses, eziyingozi kunazo zonke ngamabhungane, amacimbi kanye nezibungu ze-sawfly. Bephula ubuqotho bezitho, banciphisa ukukhula nokukhula kwezihlahla, banciphisa ukuqhakaza. Ukulimala ngezinambuzane eziququda amathumba kubhekela okulandelayo: Ukudla okuhlanganisiwe noma okuphekwe ngepulpiti, kushiya imithambo ingasebenzi;
- ukudliwa okuhlanganyelwe kwamaqabunga asemaphethelweni;
- izimayini, okungukuthi, ukudla ngaphakathi kwezicubu zamaqabunga ezifundo;
- gnawing ngeziqu zokuhamba;
- ukulimala kwamahlamvu kanye nezimbali ngaphandle;
- ukucekelwa phansi kozimele nezinhlaka.
Amacimbi wethanga lembumbulu.
Izitho zomlomo zezinambuzane ezincelayo zivunyelwe ukumunca ukudla okuwuketshezi. Babhoboza izicubu futhi bamunca ujusi wamaselula, okwenza ukuphazamiseka ezinqubweni zomzimba. Kulomonakalo onjalo, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, aqhekeke, omile bese efa. Izinambuzane ezijwayelekile zokuncela ama-roses zifaka imikhaza, ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, i-cicadas (i-whitefly rosacea). Izinambuzane ezisohlwini zingavela zombili emhlabathini ovulekile futhi ovikelekile.
URose aphid
Izimpi ezihlahleni zamarhasi emikhakheni emikhulu, etholakala ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, ezihlahleni zamahlumela amancane, efihlekile nasezintubeni. Izibungu ze-aphid zincane kakhulu, azibonakali ngamehlo. Ziphenduka ngokushesha zibe abasunguli besifazane abakhulu abangenaphiko, abadonsa ngasikhathi sinye izibungu eziyikhulu, zona kamuva, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi zikwazi ukunikeza inzalo entsha. Izizukulwane eziyishumi noma ngaphezulu ngonyaka.
Ngokusho komlimi waseSwitzerland uS. Olbricht, isizukulwane se-aphid eyodwa ngesikhathi sokukhula singakhiqiza abantu abangaba yizigidi ezimbili. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ama-aphid ezinamaphiko avela - abesilisa nabesifazane. Babekela amaqanda ebusika avundisiwe, okuvela kuwo amakoloni amasha we-aphid ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ama-aphid we-Rosaceous.
Sucking ujusi ovela ezinhlotsheni ezincane zama roses, izinambuzane ziyakhula futhi zanda ngokushesha okukhulu. Amasheya enziwe buthakathaka ngama-aphid awakhuli kahle, amahlumela ahlala egoba, ashiya ukusonteka futhi aqhekeke, futhi ama-buds awavuli noma anikeze izimbali ezimbi. Ama-rose, aqedwa amandla yi-aphid, abekezelela izimo zobusika zibe zimbi kakhulu.
Ukuvela kwama-aphid kuma-roses kungahlulelwa ngumsebenzi owandayo wezintuthwane engadini ye-rose, ophuza ujusi omnandi ogcotshwa ama-aphid. Izintuthwane zivikela amakoloni ama-aphid futhi zihlele ngisho nemikhakha emisha, zidlulisela abasunguli besifazane ezindaweni ezingakazigcini izinambuzane. Ama-aphid adliwa kalula yi-ladybugs enamaphuzu ayisikhombisa. Enye yazo ingadla izibungu ezingama-270 ze-aphid ngosuku.
Izinyathelo zokulawula i-aphid: Ukwelashwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwezinso nge-insecticides yokuthintana. Kamuva, kusetshenziswa esinye sezinambuzane ezilandelayo: i-actellic, anti, karbofos, methation, uphondo nabanye.
Ukufafaza ngesisombululo: 2 g kaphalafini ku-10 l wamanzi.
Ukufakwa kwengqondo kwalokhu okulandelayo kuyasebenza futhi: Ama-300 g we-anyanisi oqoshiwe noma wegalikhi kanye nama-400 g wamahlamvu utamatisi afakwa embizeni enamalitha amathathu. Lesi sakamuva sigcwaliswa ngamanzi futhi sibekwe endaweni efudumele amahora ayisithupha ukugcizelela. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ukumnika kuxutshwe kahle, kuhlungeke nge-cheesecloth noma nge-mesh ecolekile bese endishini enkulu ivolumu ilungiswa ibe ngamalitha ayi-10 ngamanzi.
Ngakho ukuthi ukumnika unamathela kahle amaqabunga kanye amahlumela, engeza 40 g ka-72% insipho, kodwa okungcono - oluhlaza oluluhlaza. Lokhu kungeniswa kuphekelwa ngamabhushi njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kuphindwe kahlanu. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokulwa imikhaza, ama-tuners, amacembe, amacimbi.
Naka impahla yethu enemininingwane: Ama-aphid kuma-roses nezindlela zokulawula izinambuzane.
URose circadian
Kugcwele futhi kubangela ukulimala okukhulu esikweni. Amacembe ambozwe amachashazi amhlophe amhlophe, abe njengemabula futhi alahlekelwe ukusebenza kwawo kokuhlobisa. Ukulimala okukhulu kwe-cicadas kuholela kuphuzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Ekwindla, insikazi ibekela amaqanda emikhawulweni yamahlumela ama-roses. Entwasahlobo, izibungu ziphuma emaqandeni aqothulwe (zingabonakala engaphansi kwamaqabunga). Lezi yizibungu ezincane ezimhlophe, ezingasebenzi ezondla ijusi leqabunga. Umzimba wesekethe umhlophe noma uphuzi ophuzi, ubude. Abantu abadala basebenza kakhulu. Ekuthinteni okuncane eshidi, bashesha bagxume baye kwenye indawo. Izizukulwane ezimbili kuya kwezintathu zikhula njalo ngonyaka.
Izinyathelo zokulwa ne-rosacea: Ukulawulwa kwe-cicadas kusebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqubuka kwesisindo sezibungu. Kunconywe ukuthi izindlela zokwelapha ezimbili ezibulala izinambuzane ezinezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku eziyi-10-12 ekubanjweni kwensimu esondelene nezitebhisi.
URosanna cicada (Edwardsiana rosae).
Drooling pennies, noma cicadas omnivorous
Umzimba wesinambuzane esidala ungumpunga ophuzi. Izibungu zihlala ezikhungweni zazo ezinobucwebecwebe ngendlela yesitho esisebusweni, zincanca ujusi ovela eziqwini. Zitholakala kuma-axils amaqabunga nangasohlangothini lwazo olungezansi. Lapho sithintwa amaqabunga athelelwa inkathazo, izibungu zisheshe ziphume kuphume amagwebu zicashe.
Izinyathelo zokulwa namapeni we-slobbery: ukufafaza ngama-insecticides.
I -vava nezimpawu zothando ngama-penbies e-slobbery, noma ama-cicadas omnivorousIsicabucabu mite on a rose
Enye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu yama-roses, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, lapho ingakhula khona unyaka wonke. Imikhaza yabantu abadala inamabhande amane emilenze, imizimba yayo i-oval, ubude bu-0,3-0,5 mm, luhlaza okotshani obunamabala amnyama emuva. Umbala womzimba wasebusika - owolintshi noma obomvu. Izibungu ziluhlaza ngombala ezintathu zemilenze. Amaqanda mancane, enobubanzi obungafika ku-1 mm, oyindilinga, ocacile, otholakala ngaphansi kwewebhu elincanyana. Owesifazane oyedwa ubekela amaqanda angama-180. Ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa kamuva, kuvela izibungu emaqandeni. Umjikelezo wokukhula kwemikhanzi zonke izinsuku eziyi-10-25. Umkhaza omdala uhlala izinsuku ezingama-18- 35.
Isibonakaliso sesilonda sesilungu sesigcawu.
Zombili imikhaza yabantu abadala kanye nezibungu zabo zilimaza amaqabunga ama-roses ku-undererside, okwenza kube ukwephulwa okukhulu kwemisebenzi yomzimba kanye nokugaya umzimba. Izinambuzane zincela ujusi emaqabungeni, amaqabunga athintekile aphenduka aphuzi, ambozwe ngezindawo ezincane ezikhanyayo ezindaweni zomjovo futhi ziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ama-cobwebs nokugcotshwa kwendle okutholwe izinambuzane kungcolisa amaqabunga, izindathane eziningi zothuli ekugcineni. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-roses alahlekelwa umphumela wawo wokuhlobisa.
Izinduna zezinsikazi, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimpahla zemfucumfucu, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo - ngaphansi kweziqongo zenhlabathi nakwezinye izindawo ezivalekile. Entwasahlobo, emazingeni okushisa omoya we-12-13 ° C, izinsikazi zibeka amaqanda okhilimu angabonakali kalula engaphansi kwamaqabunga. Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zobusika, imikhaza ihlala futhi izalela njalo.
Imvamisa, abatshali bama-rose abangenalwazi bakhalaza ngokukhinyabeza kwamaqabunga ama-rose, ngenxa yezitshalo izifo ezahlukahlukene (chlorosis, njll). Eqinisweni, lokhu kungumsebenzi wezikhala zesicabucabu. Ungazithola ngesikhulisi.
Izinyathelo zokulwa nesigcawu sembuzane on a rose: izitshalo zokufafaza nge-axex ekuqoqweni okungu-0,08% noma nge-isophene - 0,05, omait - 0.1% namanye ama-acaricides. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhaza kuvinjelwa ngokufafaza amanzi abandayo emhlabathini ongezansi wamaqabunga izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku.
Ezimweni ezivaliwe, amalungiselelo angenabungozi kakhulu weqembu le-avermectin yilezi: i-actofit, phytoverm, vermitek. Le mishanguzo ayithinti amaqanda naleyo engadli, ilinde ukuvela kwama-molting, izibungu kanye ne-tick protonymphs. Ezingeni lokushisa lika + 20 ° C, kudingeka okungenani izindlela zokwelapha ezi-3 ezinezikhathi ezingama-9 ukuya kwezingu-10. Kokwelashwa okungu-+ 30 ° C kuya kwezikhathi ezingama-3-4.
Amahlamvu
Amacimbi ezinhlobo ezintathu zamapheshana ama-rose kanye nepheshana lezithelo kubangela ukulimala okukhulu emaqabunga kanye namahlumela amasha ama roses. Amacimbi okuqala avela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, alimaze amahlamvu aqhakaze izimbali bese kuba amahlumela amasha namaqabunga.
Izinyathelo zokulwa namaqabunga e-rose: ngokuhlala okuncane kwamapheshana ezinambuzane, aqoqwa ngesandla futhi abhujiswe. Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwamahlamvu, afafaza izihlahla ngomunye wemithi yokubulala izinambuzane.
Umhlanga we-rose rosette.
Ukusika okubonile
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-Belt sawfly kanye ne-sawfly ebheke phansi. Isibonakhulu esivame kakhulu phezulu-phansi. Izinambuzane zamanga, noma izibungu ze-sawfly ebusika ku cocoons enhlabathini. Entwasahlobo, ziyaqaqa, kanti izinambuzane ezindala ziyandiza ziphuma epulini. Ubude besinambuzane esidala bude bufika ku-6 mm, umhlane waso ucwebezela, umnyama, amaphiko amnyama, imilenze imnyama, imilenze iphuzi. Imbabazane ngandlela-thile ifana nenyosi ekwakhekeni. Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda eyodwa ngasikhathi sinye eziqongweni zamahlumela amancane. Ukushiya amaqanda, amacimbi aluma ihlumela elincane, aqhubekele kubude obu-4 cm ngaphakathi kulo (ukusuka phezulu kuya phansi) futhi akhule lapho. Isibhamu esonakele simnyama futhi soma. Ekwindla, amacimbi angena emhlabathini azobusika.
Izinyathelo zokulwa nesarflies: ekwindla bambe inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezihlahla ukuze amacimbi e-pseudo-avele ebusweni futhi aqandise ebusika. Ngokulwa nezinambuzane ezihlanza, izitshalo zifafazwa ngesinye somuthi wokubulala izinambuzane. Amahlumela wokuthena ayalungiswa futhi ashiswe ngaphambi kokuba izibungu ziphume kuwo.
Isikhethi esinqunyiwe.
Yethusi nezinyamazane
Amabhungane ethusi ngaphezulu aluhlaza okotshani wegolide ezinweleni ezi-sparse, ngaphansi abomvu ngokubomvu. Ubude bomzimba wabo buyi-15-20 mm. Amabhungane andiza kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda enhlabathini enothe kakhulu enomquba. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, izibungu zibhidlika enhlabathini, amabhungane aqhamuke kuzo, ebusika lapho, bese endiza ehlobo elizayo. I-Deer - amabhungane amnyama ambozwe izinwele ezinombala onsundu ezinamabala amhlophe, ubude bomzimba wamabhungane buyi-8-12 mm.
Izinwele ezinethusi, izinyamazane noma inyamazane enoboya.
Womabili la mabhungane adla amacembe wezimbali ezingama-rose, adla izimbotshana nezinsimbi. Izimbali zamathoni wokukhanya zihlupheka kakhulu kubo.
Izindlela zokulawula: ukukhetha amabhungane ekuseni lapho ahleli ezimbali.
Ubhedu wegolide, noma ithusi elijwayelekile.
Izifo zeRose
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle (ukuntuleka kokukhanya, umswakama, umsoco wamaminerali noma umanyolo we-nitrogen owedlulele) buthaka. Lokhu kunciphisa ukumelana kwezitshalo ezifweni eziningi nasekuxazululweni kwezinambuzane. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-roses acindezelwa kakhulu aze afe. Imithombo yokutheleleka ngezifo zokukhunta ingaba iziqu namaqabunga asele esizeni ngemuva kokususwa kwezihlahla ezifile.
I-Powdery hlobo
Kaningi amahlumela akhula ngokwanda futhi amaqabunga ayagula. Ngomswakama womoya ongaphansi kwe-60% kanye lokushisa okungu-17-18 ° C, i-Powdery isikhutha icishe ingabonakali. Phezu kwamaqabunga, iziqu, amaqabunga kanye ameva, kwakheka isikhutha esinombala omhlophe, omlotha noma onsomi. Ekuqaleni, i-plaque ayinamandla, iyenzeka ngesimo sezindawo ezihlukile, kepha kancane kancane iyakhula futhi yakhe inqwaba eqhubekayo ebusweni bendawo ethintekile. Ngenxa yalokhu kugula, izicubu ziyabhujiswa futhi izinqubo eziningi zomzimba kuma roses ziyaphazamiseka, amaqabunga asontekile, izindawo ezincane zamahlumela zife ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izinyathelo zokulawula i-powdery isikhutha ku-rose: Ukuthena ekwindla kwamahlumela athintekile, ukuqoqwa kanye nokushiswa kwamaqabunga awile. Ukumba inhlabathi ngedamu lokugcina - kuyilapho abenzeli beso sifo bebulawa ukushoda komoya enhlabathini. Ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ngaphambi kokuvuthwa), ngemuva kokunquma amahlumela athintekile nokuvuna amaqabunga awileyo, afafazwa ngezixazululo ze-3% iron sulfate nge-0,3% potassium sulfate noma i-3% sulfate yethusi.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, njalo (emva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyishumi) kufafazwa nezinye izidakamizwa ezivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa emapulazini ngamanye. Isibonelo, isixazululo se-zethusi-yethusi: i-200-300 g yensipho eluhlaza eluhlaza (noma i-72% yasendlini) kufanele ichithwe ku-9 l wamanzi athambile (mhlawumbe imvula); Dissolve 20-30 g we-sulfate yethusi 1 ilitha lamanzi; ukushukumisa isixazululo sensipho ngokushesha, uthele isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi kuyo ngomfudlana omncane. Isixazululo silungele ukusebenzisa.
Ukuze ufafaze sebenzisa ukumiswa okungu-1% wesibabule se-colloidal. Isibabule sinomthelela ovuselelayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwama roses, ikakhulukazi emhlabathini we-alkaline. Lokhu kubangelwa ukwanda kwama-oxidation kanye nokwanda okwalandela kwezindawo ezigcina amanzi ezisebenzisa umhlabathi. Ukusetshenziswa ngokungafani kwe-nitrogen kukhulisa ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Ukondla ngamanyolo we-potash kwandisa ukumelana kwama roses ku-powdery isikhutha. Ngokuthuthuka okuqinile kwalesi sifo, izitshalo zingafafazwa ngomlotha wesoda (50 g ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, inhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla ze-rose ifafazwa ngomlotha wezinkuni (100-120 g nge-1 m²) futhi igxishwe kancane ungqimba olungaphezulu. Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa kusihlwa, ukufafazwa kwezinsuku ezinhlanu komlotha (200 g nge-10 l wamanzi) ne-mullein (1 kg ngalinye 10 l wamanzi) kuyafafazwa. Izinto ezilandelwayo ezitholakala kumlotha naselangeni zibhujiswa yi-powderyypew pathogen futhi zinomthelela ekwelapheni ama-roses. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokulawulwa kwebhayoloji nokugqoka okuphezulu kwefoliar kuyenziwa. Ukufafaza kuyaphindwa kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zesifo ziphela.
I-Powdery isikhutha ku-rose.
Indawo emnyama (Marsonina)
Lesi yisifo sokukhunta, esibonakaliswa ngesimo sokubona amabala ansundu ngamaqabunga ama-roses. Imvamisa, izimpawu zesifo ziqala ukubonakala engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. Izindawo ezimnyama ezinemisebe emnyama ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene zakha ngamaqabunga, ama-petioles kanye nama-stipule. Ngokutheleleka kanzima, iqabunga lonke liyafiphala, amaqabunga ayoma bese awa. I-Mycelium ne-spores ubusika kumahlumela namaqabunga.
Izinyathelo ezimnyama ze-Spotting: ukuqoqwa kanye nokushiswa kwamaqabunga anezifo, ukugawulwa nokushiswa kwamahlumela anezifo, ukumba inhlabathi nge-reservoir, ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukufafaza ama-roses nenhlabathi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kuvulwe ngomunye wamalungiselelo avunyelwe.
Amabala amnyama, noma ama-marsonin, ama-roses.
Ukugqwala
Entwasahlobo, kuqhamuka inqwaba yothuli lwezinhlamvu eziqwini eziseduze kwamaqabunga aqhakaza nentamo yezimpande. Ehlobo, amaphakethe amancane e-orange-aphuzi we-sporulation ayabonakala engaphansi kwamaqabunga. Isifo sama roses ngokugqwala sibonakala siqine ngokwengeziwe eminyakeni ngesiphethu esifudumele nesinomswakama. Ngenxa yalokhu, imisebenzi yezitho zokuzimela ikhubazekile: ukunyuka kokudlanga, i-photosynthesis iyancipha, ukuphefumula kunzima, futhi imetabolism iyaphazamiseka. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokugqwala, izitshalo zivinjelwe, amaqabunga omile ngaphandle, isiqu, amahlumela nezimbali azonakalisiwe.
Izindlela zokulawula ukugqwala ku-rose: ukuthena amahlumela athintekile, ukuqoqa amaqabunga bese uwashisa ,mba umhlabathi, ufafaze ama-roses ngaphambi kokukhosela ebusika nge-Bordeaux liquid noma i-iron sulphate. Ngenkathi yokukhula, baphathwa ngekhambi lensipho yethusi.
Ukugqwala ku-rose evuthiwe.
I-Chlorosis
Kubonakala mhlophe noma kuphuzi ngamaqabunga. Izizathu ezinkulu ukuntuleka kwensimbi, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-magnesium, i-boron nezinye izinto ezisemhlabathini. Isibonelo, ngokuntuleka kwensimbi (imvamisa emhlabathini we-carbonate), indlela ebizwa ngokuthi yi-calcareous chlorosis iyakhula. Ngaso leso sikhathi, umbala we-chlorotic ufinyelela cishe kulo lonke ishidi, ngaphandle kwemithambo. Ekuqaleni, abancane bayathinteka - amaqabunga apical. Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka, imithambo emincane iyabonakala.Iqabunga lithola umbala omhlophe cishe noma omhlophe. Ngemuva kwalokho, izicubu ziyafa, iqabunga liyawa.
Ngokuntuleka kwe-zinc, i-chlorosis isakazeka emaphethelweni eqabunga bese ifaka izicubu phakathi kwemithambo emikhulu ye-lateral. Kanye nemithambo ephakathi neyemuva, iqabunga linombala oluhlaza. Phansi kwemithambo, izingxenye eziluhlaza zeqabunga zibanzi.
Ngokuntuleka kwe-magnesium, amaqabunga aphansi aphenduka aphuzi futhi afe, imithambo ihlala iluhlaza, imiphetho yamaqabunga isontekile. Ukuntuleka kweBoron kuboniswa ngombala okhanyayo wamaqabunga amancanyana, aba mnyama futhi aqothule. Izingxenye ezikhulayo ezincane ziyagula, iziphetho zamahlumela (amaphuzu okukhula) ziyafa. Noma ngokweqile kwe-alkali, amaqabunga ama-rose aqala ukugqama, ikakhulukazi ekwindla nasekupheleni kobusika.
Izinyathelo Zokulawula I-Rose Chlorosis: sungula imbangela yalesi sifo ngenxa yokuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi noma kwesitshalo. Usawoti wezakhi ezifanele wethulwa emhlabathini ngemithamo ebekiwe.
Isineke nge-chlorosis kanye neqabunga elinempilo.
I-Downy hlobo, i-peronosporosis
Enye yezifo eziyingozi zama roses, ikakhulukazi okhalweni. Ekuqaleni kwesifo, kuvela amabala ohlangothini lwamaqabunga ohlangothini olungaphezulu lwamaqabunga, ohlangothini olungaphansi - ibala elimpunga, elibonakala kalula lokwehlukaniswa kwesikhunta. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabala ansundu aba brown-brown, grey kancane aphenduke aphuzi bese aphenduka abe nsundu. Izicubu ezithintekayo ziyafa, amaqabunga ayawa.
Lesi sifo sikhula kakhulu ezikhathini zezimvula nezishisayo.
Izinyathelo ezibhekene ne-rose peronosporosis: ekuvinjelweni kwalesi sifo ngokuqala kwezinsuku ezishisayo nezinethayo, izihlahla ziyafafazwa nge fungicides.
I-Downy hlobo, i-peronosporosisUkulungiswa kwezixazululo zesifutho
Kwabathandi bezimbali, isisombululo sethusi-nesepha kanye nomhluzi we-lime-sulfure akuhlali kuphumelela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukulungiselela umuthi kahle, gcina inqubo elandelayo ngokucophelela.
Ukuze uthole ikhambi lensipho yethusi, bathatha kuphela amanzi afudumele, athambile, nemvula kangcono. Uma kungenjalo, engeza u-5 g we-ash ash noma i-2 g yesinaphi esomile ku-10 l wamanzi ukuthambisa amanzi. Isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ayi-5, ikhambi akufanele ligcinwe - liwohloka ngokushesha. Isixazululo silungiswa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa esitsheni sokhuni noma esingenalutho.
Kumalitha ayisishiyagalolunye amanzi ashisayo (50-60 ° C), kusetshenziswe insipho eluhlaza eluhlaza eyi-300 g; ngokuntuleka kwayo, kusetshenziswa insipho yasendlini engama-72%. Ngemuva kwalokho i-30 g ye-sulfate yethusi iyancibilika 1 litre lamanzi ashisayo.
URose.
Lapho kushisa, isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi sithululelwa epanini lokuthambisa elinomfula omncane. Indawo yokuxhumana yezixazululo ngokushesha inyakaziswa masinyane noma uketshezi luhlanganiswa nenduku yokhuni. Isixazululo siphenduka luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphambi kokufafaza, lesi sidakamizwa sakhiwe ngo-20-25 ° C. Uma ama-flakes ewela kuluketshezi, isixazululo asikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
Umhluzi we-lime-sulfure ulungiselelwe kanjena. Kumalitha amanzi ayi-17, thatha amalitha ama-2 wesibabule somhlaba ne-1 litre ye-benign quicklime (noma i-1.5 litre yesikhathi esisheshayo). I-lime iyacishwa emanzi amancane, ngaphandle kokuletha emathunjini. Lapho ulamula lufudunyezwa, isibabule siyangezelelwa kukho, futhi, ukuxuba kahle, engeza amanye amanzi. Ingxube ibiliswe ngomlilo cishe imizuzu engama-50 kusukela ngesikhathi sokubila, kuze kube yilapho isithola umbala obomvu we-cherry.
Ngesikhathi sokubilisa engeza amanzi ngevolumu yangempela. Misa ukubeka phezulu imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuphela kokupheka. Umhluzi ophelile uqediwe, uvikelwe futhi uhonjwe ngembobo engilazini, kubumba noma esitsheni esingenamuntu. Amandla omhluzi anqunywa yi-hydrometer. Imvamisa, ubukhulu bayo bungama-1.152-1.162 g / cm3 (10-20 ° Bome).
Ukuze izitshalo zokufafaza zithathe i-180-220 g yomhluzi olungiselelwe (gxilisa) nge-10 l lamanzi. Izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngaphambi kokuqala kokwelashwa, kwenziwa i-test spraying ye-rose eyodwa noma amabili ama-rose. Uma kungekho ukushiswa ezitshalweni, isisombululo singasetshenziselwa ukufafaza. Uma kwenzeka kushiswa emasimini, kufanele kufakwe ulamula kuxazululo. Gcina umhluzi esitsheni esivaleke kahle endaweni emnyama, epholile.
Ukulungiselela u-10 l we-1% we-Bordeaux uketshezi, udinga ukuthatha i-100 g ye-sulfate yethusi kanye ne-100 g yesikhathi esisheshayo noma i-150 g yesikhathi esisheshayo. Engilazini eyodwa, ubumba, isidlo se-enameled noma sokhuni, kuyakhishwa noma kufakwe i-lime (ubisi lukalamula), bese kuthiwa i-sulfate yethusi kwelinye. Bese kuthi kancane kancane ngomfudlana omncane ngokushukumisa okusheshayo, isixazululo se-sulfate yethusi sithululelwa kwisisombululo sobisi luk lime. Ingxube ephumayo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Bordeaux liquid.
Ukufaneleka kokuyicubungula kunganqunywa ngale ndlela elandelayo: ummese noma isipikili esihlanzwa ukungcola nokugqwala ukuze kukhanye kwehliselwa kwisisombululo esiphelile. Uma into yensimbi ekhishwe kusisombululo imbozwe ngethusi, kufanele kufakwe i-lime ku-bordeaux ketshezi kuze kube yilapho i-plaque ingasakhiwa. Ukulungiselela i-3% ye-Bordeaux ewuketshezi, inani lesikhathi esisheshayo sandiswa ngo-300 g, se-sulfate yethusi - futhi sifinyelela ku-300 g.
URose.
Amakhambi e-Folk ama-roses
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu babesebenzisa izindlela zokuqala zokulawula izinambuzane nezifo zama roses ezingadini zemifino. Usebenzise lezi zindlela kanye nabatshali abaziwayo be-rose. Emzabalazweni wokulwa nezinambuzane eziningi zezinambuzane, uN. I Kichunov ifafaze ama-roses ngomhluzi kagwayi (shag), ukukhipha i-aloe, upharafini, njll. D. V. Michurin wasebenzisa ujusi wobisi noma okukhipha ujusi wakhe omanzi ukuvikela ama-roses kusuka ekugqeni.
Kusho ukulwa nezifo zama roses
Kusuka ku-powdery hlobo, amaroses afafazwa ngokufakwa kwe-mullein nomlotha. I-1 kg yomquba omusha wezinkomo kanye no-200 g womlotha ayihlanjululwe kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, kuvuse ngezikhathi ezithile. Faka izinsuku eziyisikhombisa endaweni efudumele, hlunga ngokusebenzisa i-cheesecloth, futhi ukumnika ukulungele ukusetshenziswa. Ukufafaza ukufafaza komlotha ne-mullein kwenziwa ngokubonakala kwezimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo. Uma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine ngemuva kokufafaza izimpawu ze-Powusy isikhutha zinganyamalali, ukufafaza kuyaphindwa. Ukwelashwa okuthe xaxa nge-infusion kuhlanganiswa kakhulu nokwelashwa nge-fungicides.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kokugqwala, izihlahla ezinesifo zivame ukushiswa ukuze lesi sifo singasakazeki kuyo yonke indawo. Ukumfaka ubisi kungasindisa ama-roses kusuka ekugqeni. Mina noMichurin senze okulandelayo: waphula ingxenye yesigaxa sobisi, kwathi ekugcineni ngethonsi eliqhakaza lejusi le-milky, wahlikihla indawo ebolile yesitshalo. Ukuhlinzwa kwakuphindwe kabili kathathu ngosuku.
Uma lesi sifo sivele ngokushesha enanini elikhulu lamabhasi, bese wenza okulandelayo. 1.5 kg wemashi obisi athathwa nge-10 l lamanzi afudumele, ngemuva kokuwagaya endaweni yokucoca inyama noma ngenye indlela, agcizelela endaweni efudumele yosuku olulodwa. Kukhipha isigaxa samanzi esijulile bese sisetshenziselwa ukufafaza. Lesi sifo kwesinye isikhathi sihamba ngemuva kokufafazwa okwesibili.
E-Ornamental Culture State Farm yaseKabardino-Balkaria, kwavezwa icala lapho ihlosi lokuhluma kwezimbali lalihlaselwe ukugqwala. Umbuzo ubumayelana nokwenqatshwa okungenakuvinjwa kwesitoko sonke. Ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-I.P. Kovtunenko, inja yasukuma inqunywe isigamu futhi yafafazwa ngesixazululo samafutha ayi-3% spindle. Esikhathini esithile ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, isitoko sasiluhlaza futhi ngonyaka ofanayo sanyuselwa. Ama roses akhule kuwo ayephilile.
Izixazululo zezinambuzane zama roses
Ama-400 g we-shag noma udoti kagwayi abilisiwe emanzini ayi-9 l imizuzu engama-30. Umhluzi ufakelwa endaweni efudumele izinsuku ezimbili, uhlungiwe ngezendlalelo ezimbili ze-gauze ne-canvas ukuze ugweme ukuvimbela umlomo we-nosez of the sprayer. Dissolve 40 g of insipho, mhlawumbe luhlaza, 1 litre lamanzi u hlanganise ne-decoction ye-shag. Ukuqamba kulungele ukufafazwa.
Dlulisa ama-300 g we-anyanisi oqoshiwe noma u -galikhi no-400 g wamaqabunga utamatisi omusha ngokusebenzisa i-grinder yenyama, gxilisa emanzini ama-3 l amahora angama-5-6. Hlunga ukumiliselwa. Letha ngamanzi ivolumu yayo endishini enkulu ku-10 l, engeza ama-40 g wesepha. Ukuqamba kulungele ukufafazwa.
URose.
Gaya i-200 g yephepha elomile elishisayo noma le-600 g. Thela amalitha ama-2 amanzi ezitsheni ezingenamuntu, pheka upelepele endaweni efanayo, ubilise ngomlilo ophansi ihora eli-1. Umhluzi uthelezelwa izinsuku ezimbili. Izicucu zika-pepper zichotshoziwe umhluzi, umhluzi uyakhanywa, izinhlayiya zemifino ziyancitshizwa. Isixazululo siyahlungwa, silungiswa ngamanzi sibe amalitha ama-2. Thela ilitha eli-1 lomhluzi wepepper kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi, engeza ama-40 g wesepha elihlanjululwe ngokufanayo. Ukuqamba kulungele ukufafazwa.
Thela i-1 kg yeqabunga le-yarrow elomile noma i-1.5 kg yeqabunga elomile kanye nomhlonyane kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele. Faka endaweni efudumele emnyama yezinsuku ezimbili, hlunga. Ngaphambi kokufafaza, kufakwa i-40 g yensipho ehlanjululwe.
Ama-200 g wezimpande ze-horse sorrel ezisanda kufakwa angeniswa ku-10 l wamanzi afudumele, afakwa amahora ama-2 endaweni efudumele. Ngaphambi kokufafaza engeza ama-40 g wesipho eluhlaza. Ukuqamba kulungele ukucubungula izitshalo.
Faka ama-500 g ezitshalo ezomisiwe ze-Datura kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi amahora ayi-12. Ngaphambi kokufafaza, engeza insipho engu-40 g.
Yu. M. Kara ngokumelene nesicabucabu sisebenzisa:
- 2% izixazululo zekhambi elihlanganisiwe likagwayi, amaqabunga e-fern, imbewu ye-calendula, izikali ze-anyanisi;
- 3% - ama-anyanisi;
- I-8% - amaqabunga e-yarrow nama-marigold;
- I-15% - umhlonyane;
- I-20% - iziqongo zamazambane kanye namaqabunga e-tradescantia;
- 25% ukumnika kwe-nightshade okubabayo.
Ngokusho kwakhe, ngosuku lwesithathu ngemuva kokwelashwa, ukushona kwezinambuzane kungama-71% wokufakwa kwezibalo zika-anyanisi, ama-78,8% - ezikalini zika-anyanisi, u-81.8% - womhlonyane, u-83.6% - we-calendula, u-84.6% - we izimbiza zamazambane, ezingama-87,5% ezivela kuma-tradescantia, 88,5% kusuka kuma-ferns, ama-96% kusuka kuma-yarrow, ama-96.1% avela kuma-marigolds, 98% kusuka kunqenqemeni, 100% kusukela ekufakweni kogwayi.
Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe: Sokolov N.I. - Roses.
